TABULATED  DATA 

WITH    EXPLANATORY    NOTES 

RELATING    TO 

FLOW    OF    WATER 


UNDER  PRESSURE 

THROUGH 

CLEAN  CLOSED  PIPES 


BY 

GEORGE  T.  PRINCE,  C.E. 

M.  AM.  Soc.  C.  E.,  M.  AM.  W.  W.  ASSN. 
M.  N.  E.  W.  W.  ASSN. 


ILLUSTRATED 


NEW  YORK 

D.    VAN    NOSTRAND    COMPANY 

25  PARK  PLACE 

1916 


COPYRIGHT,  1916, 
BY  D.  VAN  NOSTRAND  COMPANY 


PRESS    OF 

BRAUNWORTH     &    CO. 

PRINTERS    AND    BOOKBINDERS 

BROOKLYN,    N.    Y. 


PREFACE 


SOME  years  ago,  when  the  author  was  located  at 
Denver,  Colorado,  in  the  capacity  of  Chief  Engineer 
of  The  Denver  Union  Water  Company,  he  collected 
a  mass  of  data  relating  to  the  Construction  and  Main- 
tenance of  Continuous  Wood-stave  Pipe,  with  a  view 
of  getting  the  matter  into  tangible  shape  for  publication. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  note  that  Denver  was  the 
home  of  this  class  of  pipe  and  that  the  entire  water 
supply  for  that  city  is  obtained  through  more  than  one 
hundred  miles  of  continuous  wood-stave  pipe,  varying 
in  size  from  30  inches  to  48  inches  in  diameter. 

While  engaged  in  the  preparation  of  tables  indicating 
the  carrying  capacities  of  continuous  wood-stave  pipe, 
the  author  was  strongly  impressed  with  the  need  of 
special  investigation  touching  this  most  important  factor 
of  pipe  design. 

At  that  time  the  formula  usually  employed  in  design- 
ing pipe  of  this  character  was  Kutter's  with  n  =  0.010, 
although  other  formulae  had  also  been  used,  among 
them  being  the  expression  Hr=mF1"73. 

It  was  deemed  desirable  as  well  as  necessary  and 
essential  to  a  more  complete  understanding  of  the  sub- 
ject, to  compare  results  of  flow-data  obtained  by  several 
well-established  and  accepted  formulae,  upon  a  com- 

349318 


iv  PREFACE 

mon  basis,  the  same  to  apply  to  sizes  of  pipe  and  slopes 
usually  involved  in  common  practice. 

Accordingly,  five  well-known  formulae  were  selected 
by  means  of  which  the  following  tabulated  values  were 
computed.  Five-place  logarithms  were  employed  in  these 
computations  and  as  a  ready  means  of  comparing  re- 
sults derived  from  these  formulae,  the  value  of  c  in  the 
expression  v=c\/rs,  has  been  determined  for  each  size 
of  pipe  and  for  slopes  as  indicated  in  the  extended 
tables. 

It  is  believed  that  an  inspection  of  these  comparative 
values  will  assist  in  the  proper  dimensioning  of  pipe 
conduits  to  meet  any  desired  service. 

GEORGE  T.  PRINCE. 

OMAHA,  NEBRASKA, 
July,  1916. 


CONTENTS 


Historical  notes %. 1 

Chezy  formula 2 

Kutter  formula 3 

Value  of  n  to  be  selected  with  great  care,  etc 4 

Experimental  value  of  n 4 

D'Arcy  formula 7 

Formulae    by    Merriman,  ^Fanning,    Gould,    and    D'Arcy 

resolved  to  form  of  v  =  c  Vrs 8 

Table  1 

Average  values  of  c  in  above-mentioned  formulae 9 

Exponential  formula,  H/=mVn 10 

Table  2 

Values  of  m  in  Hf=mVnj  based  upon  assumed  values  of  c 

in  v  =  c^/rs  and  n=2 11 

Lampe  formula 12 

Experimental  data  relating  to  value  of  n  in  Hf=mVn 12 

Plotting  flow-data  by  means  of  logarithms 14 

Diagram  D,  showing  graphically  values  of  c  in  v=cVrs,  when 

t;  =  4  feet 19 

Table  3 

Values  of  m  in  Hf=mVn 20 

Explanation  of  characters  used  in  Tables 21 

Carrying  capacities  of  tuberculated  pipe 23 

EXTENDED  TABLES , , , , 27 


FLOW  OF  WATER 


FLOW  OF  WATER  IN  CLOSED  PIPES 

THE  flow  of  water  in  any  channel  is  subject  to  the  law  govern- 
ing falling  bodies,  commonly  expressed  v  =  -\/2gh',  in  which 
v  equals  the  velocity  in  feet  per  second,  g  equals  the  "  accelera- 
tion of  gravity  "  and  h  equals  the  head  of  water  in  feet,  producing 
the  flow. 

The  value  of  g  varies  from  about  32.0894  feet  per  second 
per  second,  at  the  equator  sea-level,  to  32.254  at<  the  poles. 
Its  value  also  varies  slightly  with  elevation  above  sea-level. 
For  all  ordinary  calculations  applying  to  the  United  States, 
the  value  of  g  is  generally  assumed  as  32.16  and  -\/2g  as  8.02. 

If  the  flow  were  not  retarded  by  friction,  the  amount  of  dis- 
charge through  a  closed  pipe  would  be  expressed  in  cubic  feet 
per  second  by  the  product  of  the  following  three  factors:  the 
internal  cross-section  of  the  pipe  (expressed  in  square  feet), 
the  square  root  of  2g  (equal  to  8.02),  and  the  square  root  of 
the  head  of  water  producing  the  flow,  expressed  in  feet;  that 
is  the  vertical  distance  of  the  source  of  supply  above  the  axis 
of  the  pipe,  measured  at  the  point  of  discharge. 

Because  of  the  retarding  influence  of  friction,  the  amount 
of  flow  is  less  than  is  indicated  by  the  above  expression  and 
the  amount  of  the  frictional  resistance  can  be  expressed  by  the 
difference  between  the  observed  velocity  in  feet  per  second  and 
that  indicated  by  the  expression  v  =  \/2gh  or  8.02  \/h.  In  other 
words,  the  frictional  resistance  is  equal  to  the  accelerating  force. 

The  discussions  which  have  led  up  to  our  present  knowledge 
of  the  laws  governing  the  flow  of  water  in  channels  have  been 
most  varied  in  their  conclusions,  and  though  many  errors  and 
false  results  appear,  a  study  of  them  is  of  great  interest  to  one 
who  desires  thoroughly  to  analyze  the  subject  of  hydraulics. 


2  FLOW  OF  WATER 

Galileo  has  be?n  quoted  is  "saying  that  he  found  it  easier 
to  dekTaaue  1h?  laws  thut  govern  the  motion  of  the  heavenly 
bodies  than  those  pertaining  to  the  flow  of  water  in  channels. 
It  was  owing  to  his  ignorance  of  the  laws  relating  to  the  flow 
of  water  that  important  proposed  river  improvements  were 
abandoned.  Since  that  time,  to  the  present  day,  experiir  enters 
and  investigators  have  been  gradually  groping  their  way  out  of 
the  darkness  and  ignorance  surrounding  the  laws  governing  the 
flow  of  water  until  to-day,  we  are  enabled  to  calculate  with 
reasonable  accuracy  the  amount  of  water  that  can  be  conveyed 
through  open  or  closed  channels,  constructed  of  different  ma- 
terials and  subjected  to  varying  conditions  of  grades  and  pres- 
sures. 

In  the  light  of  our  present  knowledge  it  seen  s  strange  to 
read  that  the  Romans,  who  were  so  observing  and  thorough  in 
other  lines  of  thought  and  investigation,  disregarded  head  or 
pressure  in  their  calculation  of  flow  of  liquids  in  conduits,  re- 
garding only  the  size  of  the  conduit;  and  equally  strange  does 
it  appear  that  a  man  so  brilliant  and  original  in  his  work  as  was 
Galileo,  should  contend  that  the  velocity  of  a  stream  is  depend- 
ent solely  upon  the  head  or  slope  and  entirely  independent  of 
the  length  or  distance  traveled  by  the  flow. 

It  was  not  until  investigators  realized  that  correct  results 
in  the  determination  of  stream-flows  must  depend  upon  observa- 
tion of  actual  conditions  and  not  upon  mere  theorizing,  that  a 
better  understanding  of  the  subject  was  evolved. 

In  the  year  1775,  M.  Chezy,  a  noted  French  engineer,  suggested 
the  formula  v  =  c\/rs,  by  which  to  determine  the  velocity  of 
water  flowing  in  conduits,  in  which  expression, 

v  =  velocity  of  flow  in  feet  per  second; 

c  =  a  coefficient  to  be  assumed  for  each  case  under  considera- 
tion, and  is  to  be  determined  by  experiments  under 
like  conditions; 

r  =  the  mean  hydraulic  radius^  (usually  expressed  in  feet), 

u-  i   r       T       ,    .          diameter  in  feet 
which  for  closed  pipes = —     — > 

s  =  slope  =   height  or  head  in  feefc 
horizontal  length  in  feet* 


FLOW  OF  WATEK  IN  CLOSED  PIPES  3 

Previous  to  the  time  M.  Chezy  suggested  his  formula,  the 
roughness  of  the  sides  and  bottom  of  the  channel  had  not  been 
considered  as  producing  any  retarding  influence  upon  the  flow 
of  water.  It  was  believed  that  the  water  immediately  covering 
the  holes  and  projections  of  a  rough  surface  became  in  itself  a 
smooth  surface,  over  which  the  flowing  water  passed  without 
material  loss  of  motion.  Experiments  demonstrated  the  falsity 
of  this  assumption  and  it  became  generally  recognized  that  the 
ratio  of  the  cross-section  of  the  flowing  current  to  the  wetted 
perimeter  should  be  incorporated  in  a  formula  intended  to  ex- 
press the  velocity  of  flowing  water. 

The  Chezy  formula*,  above  indicated,  appears  to-day  in  various 
modified  forms  and  may  be  used  to  determine  the  amount 
of  flows,  either  in  open  or  closed  channels.  Probably  the  best- 
known  modification  of  this  basic  formula  is  that  enunciated  by 
two  eminent  Swiss  engineers,  E.  Ganguillet  and  W.  R.  Kutter, 
and  familiarly  known  as  the  Kutter  formula,  which  is  expressed 
as  follows: 


XVrs, 


•  VJ       I  I      XN  I— 

8        I        V7J 

in  which  v  =  mesm  velocity  in  feet  per  second; 

r  =  mean  hydraulic  radius,  expressed  in  feet  and 
equals  the  cross-section  of  the  stream  divided  by 
the  wetted  perimeter  in  linear  feet.  The  wetted 
perimeter  is  the  linear  measurement  of  the 
sides  and  bottom  of  the  channel  in  contact  with 
the  flow; 

. , ,  r  fall  of  water  surface 

s  =  slope  of  the  water  surf  ace  =  r — : —r-, : — — ; 

horizontal  length  of  flow 

n  =  coefficient  of  roughness  of  the  sides  and  bottom 
of  the  channel. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  bracketed  portion  of  the  second 
term  of  the  formula  corresponds  with   the  c  in  the  expression 


FLOW  OF  WATER 


From  inspection  of  the  Kutter  formula,  it  is  evident  that 
the  accuracy  of  the  results  obtained  by  its  use  is  dependent 
upon  the  value  assumed  for  n.  A  little  deviation  in  the  assumed 
value  of  this  coefficient  will  very  materially  affect  the  value 
of  c,  as  is  shown  below.  Let  the  value  of  r  be  assumed  as  0.3 
foot,  corresponding  to  a  diameter  of  14.4  inches. 


Slope. 

Value  of  n. 

Value  of  c. 

0.1  :  1000 

.009 

125 

.010 

109 

.011 

97 

.012 

87 

.013 

78 

0.2  :1000 

.009 

133 

.010 

116 

.011 

103 

.012 

92 

.013 

83 

0.4  :  1000 

.009 

138 

.010 

120 

.011 

107 

.012 

96 

.013 

87 

1.0  :1000 

.009 

141 

.010 

124 

.011 

109 

.012 

98 

.013 

89 

10  :  1000 

.009 

143 

.010 

125 

.011 

111 

.012 

100 

.013 

90 

From  an  inspection  of  the  above  tabulated  values  of  n  and  c, 
it  is  apparent  that  the  value  of  n  must  be  selected  with  great 
care;  a  change  of  only  a  unit  in  the  third  decimal  place  will 
make  a  marked  change  in  the  value  of  c. 

The  values  of  n  have  been  determined  by  experimenting  with 
channels  made  of  different  materials,  possessing  varying  degrees 
of  roughness.  The  results  of  these  experiments  are  given  by 
Kent  substantially  as  follows: 

1.  Smooth,   well-planed   timber,   in  perfect  order    and 

alignment 009 


FLOW  OF  WATER  IN  CLOSED  PIPES  5 

'  2.  Neat  cement;  planed  timber;  glazed,  coated  or 
annealed  stoneware  and  iron  pipes,  all  in  perfect 
order 010 

3.  Cement  with  one-third  sand,  in  good  condition,  also 

for  iron,  cement  and  terra-cotta  pipes,  well  jointed 

and  in  good  condition Oil 

4.  Unplaned  timber,  when  perfectly  continuous  on  the 

inside 012 

5.  Ashlar  masonry  and   well-laid  brickwork;    ordinary 

metal  and  stoneware  pipes  in  good  condition  but 
not  new;  also  materials  mentioned  under  item  2, 
when  imperfect  or  in  inferior  condition 013 

6.  Second-class  or  rough-faced  brickwork;   well-dressed 

stonework;  foul  or  slightly  tuberculated  iron, 
cement  and  terra-cotta  pipes,  with  imperfect  joints 
and  in  bad  order;  canvas  lining  on  wooden 
frames  015 

7.  Brickwork,  ashlar  masonry  and  stoneware,  in  inferior 

condition;  tuberculated  iron  pipes;  rubble  in 
cement,  in  good  condition;  fine  gravel,  or  particles 
ranging  from  J  to  f  inch  in  diameter,  well  rammed, 
and  generally  the  materials  mentioned  under  item 
5,  when  in  bad  condition 017 

8.  Rubble  in  cement  in  inferior  condition;  coarse  rubble 

laid  dry;  brickwork  in  very  poor  condition;  coarse 
gravel  of  particles  ranging  from  1  to  IJ-inch  in 
diameter,  well  rammed;  canals  with  beds  and 
banks  of  very  firm,  regular  gravel,  carefully  trimmed 
and  rammed  in  defective  places;  rough  rubble 
with  bed  partially  covered  with  silt  and  mud; 
wooden  troughs,  with  battens  on  the  inside  two 
inches  apart;  earth  trimmed  to  perfect  condition ..  .020 

9.  Canals  in  earth  in  excellent  condition 0225 

10.  Canals  and  rivers  in  earth,  of  tolerably  uniform  cross- 

section,  slope  and  alignment,  in  moderately  good 
condition  and  free  from  stones  and  weeds 025 

11.  Canals   and   rivers   in   earth,   somewhat   inferior  to 

average  conditions 0275 


6  FLOW  OF  WATER 

12.  Canals  and  rivers  in  earth,  in  rather  bad  condition, 

obstructed  by  occasional  weeds,  stones  and  other 
detritus 030 

13.  Canals  and  rivers  in  earth,  in  very  bad  condition, 

containing  stones  and  weeds  in  great  quantities . .      .  035 

Information  published  by  the  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey  indicates 
a  more  conservative  selection  of  the  value  of  n  than  noted  above, 
as  for  instance  materials  included  under  item  5  would  be  classi- 
fied by  the  Government  as  under  item  6,  having  a  value  of  .015, 
and  so  on  down  the  list.  It  requires  the  exercise  of  the  keenest 
judgment,  born  of  long  experience,  to  select  the  value  of  n  that 
will  give  results  even  roughly  approximating  the  truth. 

Different  experimenters  will  determine  different  values  of  n 
with  the  same  conduit,  and  the  application  by  another  party  to 
another  conduit  of  the  results  obtained  by  these  experimenters 
is  simply  the  exercise  of  the  guessing  power  of  that  individual. 
It  may  or  may  not  approximate  the  truth. 

Considering  the  unwieldy  and  complex  expression  of  the 
Kutter  formula,  coupled  with  the  fact  that  the  value  of  n  is 
so  largely  a  matter  of  speculation,  the  author  contends  that 
one  may  as  well  guess  the  value  of  c  in  the  Chezy  formula  and 
save  his  "  gray  matter";  for  in  so  doing,  it  is  possible  to  differ- 
entiate to  a  greater  degree  of  nicety  than  can  be  done  in  valuing 
n  in  the  Kutter  formula. 

There  are  so  many  writings  which  discuss  at  length  the 
results  of  ancient  hydraulicians  to  which  the  reader  can  have 
access,  if  he  desires  to  make  a  careful  study  of  them,  that  it  is 
not  deemed  expedient  to  discuss  them  in  this  instance,  but 
rather  to  confine  our  attention  to  a  few  formula  of  more  recent 
date,  which  more  closely  conform  to  modern  practice,  the  results 
of  many  years  of  experience — an  advantage  which  the  older 
hydraulicians  did  not  possess. 

H.  D'Arcy,  a  French  engineer  of  large  practical  experience, 
realized  the  necessity  of  carefully  conducted  experiments,  in 
order  to  deduce  satisfactory  formulae  relating  to  the  flow  of 
water.  From  his  practical  knowledge  of  the  subject,  he  was 
amply  qualified  to  conduct  a  series  of  observations  upon  the 


FLOW  OF  WATER  IN  CLOSED  PIPES  7 

flow  of  water  in  pipes  and  open  channels,  that  have  resulted  in 
giving  to  engineers  most  helpful  information. 

As  a  result  of  experiments,  he  devised  the  following  formula, 
which  is  popularly  known  as  the  D'Arcy  Formula: 


„-   - 

\, 


\'rs. 


_(K)007726+;00000647 


- 

In  which  s  =  slope=-^-;  d=internal  diameter  in  feet;  r  =  mean 

hydraulic  radius  in  feet;  v  =  velocity  in  feet  per  second. 

If  the  D'Arcy  formula,  relating  to  the  flow  of  water  in  pipes, 
as  above  expressed,  is  hot  more  generally  employed  than  any 
other  formula,  it  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  popular  in  use, 
and  in  the  opinion  of  the  author  most  deservedly  so.  In  an 
experience  of  more  than  thirty  years  in  the  design  and  operation 
of  public  water  systems,  this  formula  has  most  satisfactorily 
aided  in  solving  the  many  varied  problems  that  have  demanded 
the  author's  attention. 

It  has  been  thought  desirable  to  reduce  the  formulae,  as  ad- 
vocated by  Merriman,  Fanning,  Gould  and  D'Arcy,  to  the 
simple  form  of  the  Chezy  formula.  These  formulae  all  relate 
to  clean  cast-iron  pipes.  With  pipes  running  full,  the  Chezy 

formula  can  be  reduced  from  the  form  v  =  c\/rs  to  v=— %/— . 
2  *  Li 

Remembering  that  r=—,  s  =  j  and  Tj-  =  ^rs, 

Merriman's  formula, 

\2ghd       ,  \2q    I  fid        J8g    / — 

v  =  V  -77—,  reduces  to  v  =A/  ~rV  i~  =  v  -rV  rs. 
*    jL  *  /   *  X»         *  J 


8  FLOW  OF  WATER 

Fanning' s  formula, 

\2qhd       .  I'ty    \Hd       J2g    /- 

»=V^'reducesto  v=  \4^Vr=  \m  Vrs- 

Gould's  formula, 

I'M  /I     I  lid       2 

i; = -il  -—  reduces  to  v  =  -y 

From  the  above  we  have 


Squaring  and  reducing  we  obtain  the  following  values  for  c: 
Mcrriman  ..............  V  / 


i(  anning 

m 


Gould...  \i-=~ 


D'Arcy 


/ 


1 


.00007726+  • 


In  general  practice  the  velocity  of  the  water  in  supply  and 
distribution  mains  will  range  from  2  to  5  feet  per  second. 
With  this  fact  in  view,  the  values  of  c,  as  given  in  the  previous 
table  for  each  size  of  pipe  and  corresponding  to  velocities  of 
2,  3,  4,  and  5  feet,  have  been  added  together  and  average  values 
from  the  four  formulae  considered,  have  thus  been  obtained. 
These  results  have  been  plotted  upon  logarithmic  paper  and  a 
correction  line  drawn. 

The  average  values  of  c  as  derived  from  the  four  formulae, 
adapted  to  various-sized  pipe  and  including  velocities  of  2,  3, 
4  and  5  feet,  are  given  below,  together  with  the  corrected  values. 


FLOW  OF  WATER  IN  CLOSED  PIPES 


9 


It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  formulae  irom  which  these 
values  are  obtained  contemplate  clean  cast-iron  pipe.  Some 
values  derived  from  Flynn's  tables  are  added,  as  being  of  interest: 

TABLE   I 


Diameter, 
Inches. 

Averaged 
Values. 

Flynn. 

Corrected  values 
from  Plot. 

3 

99.05 

103  0 

4 

101.18 

103.7 

6 
8 
10 
12 
14 
16 
18 
20 
22 

104.00 
106.07 
107.59 
108.38 
109.74 
110.93 
111.60 
112.66 

105.3 
107.2 
108.5 
109.3 
109.9 
110.4 
110.7 
111.0 

105.1 
106.3 
107.4 
108.4 
109.4 
110.4 
111.4 
112.3 
113  2 

24 
26 

114.51 

111.5 

114.1 
115  0 

28 

115  9 

30 
32 

116.77 

111.9 

116.8 
117   6 

34 

118  4 

118  4 

36 

38 

119.18 

112.2 

119.2 
120  0 

40 

120  8 

42 
44 

120.97 

112.4 

121.6 
122  4 

46 

123   2 

48 
50 

123.02 

112.6 

124.0 
124  8 

52 

125  6 

54 

126  4 

56 

127   1 

58 

127  8 

60 

129.64 

112.8 

128.5 

It  will  be  observed  that  all  the  formulae  considered  above  indicate 
that  the  frictional  resistance  to  the  flow  of  water  varies  as  the  square 
of  the  velocity. 

In  a  paper  presented  before  the  American  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers  in  1902  by  Theron  A.  Noble,  on  "  Flow  of  Water  in 
Wood  Pipes,"  reference  is  made  to  experiments  conducted  by 
Mr.  Noble,  as  well  as  by  Mr.  Arthur  L.  Adams  and  others.  In 
discussing  this  paper,  Mr.  E.  W.  Schoder  shows  that  the  results 
of  the  experiments  noted  indicate  that  the  loss  of  head  or  fric- 
tional resistance  "  varies  about  as  the  1.73  power  of  the  velocity," 
instead  of  as  the  square  of  the  velocity,  as  assumed  in  most  of 
the  formulae  extant  and  in  general  use. 


10  FLOW  OF  WATER 

Mr.  Schoder,  in  discussing  this  paper,  makes  use  of  the  formula 
Hf=mvn,  in  which  ///  represents  the  loss  of  head  or  frictional 
resistance  per  unit  of  distance,  and  v  the  velocity  in  feet  per 
second,  n  being  a  coefficient,  which  varies  with  each  size  of  pipe. 

This  form  of  expression  is  probably  as  simple  as  can  be  devised 
for  showing  the  relation  existing  between  velocity  and  loss  of 
head  in  pipes  conveying  water  under  pressure.  Assuming  H 
to  represent  the  loss  of  head  per  1000  feet  for  clean  cast-iron  pipe, 
and  to  vary  as  the  square  of  the  velocity,  it  ^  ill  be  interesting 
to  determine  the  value  of  m  for  each-  size  of  pipe,  first,  when 
c  in  the  Chezy  formula  has  a  constant  value  of  100  for  all  sizes 
of  pipe;  second,  when  c  varies  with  the  size  of  the  pipe,  as  de- 
termined by  averaging  results  obtained  from  formulae  advocated 
by  Merriman,  Fanning,  Gould  and  D'Arcy,  as  heretofore  ex- 
plained; and  third,  when  c  has  the  values  detern  ined  by  the 
D'Arcy  formula,  which  values  are  constant  for  all  velocities, 
for  any  particular  size  of  pipe,  but  vary  with  the  size  of  the  pipe. 

It  is  evident  that  m  equals  H  when  v  equals  1  foot  rer  second; 
hence,  the  values  of  m  in  the  expression  H/=mvn  rray  be  de- 
termined by  assuming  v  to  equal  unity.  The  values  of  m  have 
thus  been  determined,  subject  to  the  assumptions  above  noted 
and  are  given  in  Table  2. 

Frictional  resistance  varies  very  nearly  as  the  square  of  the 
velocity  and  inversely  as  the  product  of  cV,  as  indicated  in  the 

v2     4vz 

expression,  slope  =— =— . 
c2r    c2d 

If  the  value  of  c  were  constant  for  all  values  of  d,  it  is  apparent 
that  the  frictional  resistance  for  like  velocities  would  vary  in- 
versely with  the  diameter,  but  such  is  not  the  case  if  c  varies 
with  the  diameter. 

Both  theory  and  practice  are  essential  to  a  well-grounded 
understanding  of  the  principles  required  by  the  hydraulic 
engineer,  but  the  practical  man  needs  to  be  continually  on  his 
guard  against  being  misled  by  a  class  of  technical  writers  who 
are  disposed  to  treat  engineering  as  an  exact  science,  whereas 
it  is  so  only  in  name.  Unpracticed  and  inexperienced  in  build- 
ing and  maintaining  engineering  works,  many  of  these  writers 
consider  only  the  theoretical  side  of  a  problem. 


FLOW  OF  WATER  IN  CLOSED  PIPES 


11 


This  class  of  writers  reminds  the  author  of  a  young  engineer, 
bright  and  particularly  apt  in  all  mathematical  work,  but  who 
was  so  exact  in  his  ideas  that  he  did  not  know  when  to  drop 
excessive  refinement  and  exercise  good  common  sense.  In 
cross-sectioning  for  earth-work  stakes,  he  would  try  to  set  the 
stakes  to  a  thousandth  of  a  foot.  Had  the  rodman  pressed  a 
pound  weight  upon  the  rod,  his  calculation  would  have  been  for 
naught.  As  it  was,  the  result  was  vexation  for  the  rodman  and 
unwarrantable  slowness  in  the  work;  for  that  reason  this  par- 
ticular engineer  was  kept  employed  upon  office  calculations. 

TABLE   2 

Values  of  m  in  the  expression  Hf=mvn,  assuming  Hf  to  represent 
the  loss  of  head  per  1000  feet  of  clean  cast-iron  pipe  and  to  vary 
as  the  square  of  the  velocity,  that  is,  n  equals  2,  other  conditions  as 
noted. 


Int.  Diam. 
Inches., 

Coef.  c=100. 

Aver,  values  of  c 
from  Merriman, 
Fanning,  Gould 
and  D'Arcy. 

Values  of  c  by 
D'Arcy. 

4 

1.200 

1  .  320 

1.050 

6 

0.800 

0.815 

0.690 

8 

0.600 

0.575 

0.510 

10 

0.480 

0.440 

0.405 

12 

0.400 

0.352 

0.330 

14 

0.343 

0.295 

0.280 

16 

0.300 

0.250 

0.245 

18 

0.267 

0.217 

0.219 

20 

0.240 

0.190 

0.194 

22 

0.218 

0.172 

0.174 

24 

0.200 

0.155 

0.160 

26 

0.185 

0.140 

0.146 

28 

0.171 

0.128 

0.135 

30 

0.160 

0.117 

0.125 

32 

0.150 

0.109 

0.117 

34 

0.141 

0.101 

0.110 

36 

0.133 

0.094 

0.103 

38 

0.126 

0.087 

0.096 

40 

0.120 

0.082 

0.091 

42 

0.114 

0.077 

0.086 

46 

0.104 

0.070 

0.078 

48 

0.1000 

0.0668 

0.0760 

50 

0.0960 

0.0635 

0.0728 

52 

0.0925 

0.0605 

0.0700 

54 

0.0889 

0  .  0577 

0.0673 

56 

0.0857 

0.0552 

0.0649 

58 

0  .  0828 

0.0530 

0.0629 

60 

0.0800 

0.0510 

0.0610 

72 

0.0670 

0  .  0408 

0  .  0500 

84 

0.0571 

.0.0336 

0.0420 

96 

0.0500 

0.0290 

0.0367 

100 

0.0480 

0.0273 

0.0350 

12 


FLOW  OF  WATER 


Attention  has  already  been  called  to  the  fact  that  some  exper- 
imenters claim  that  the  resistance  to  flow  in  a  closed  pipe 
does  not  vary  as  the  square  of  the  velocity.  Professor  Gardner 
S.  Williams,  in  discussing  Mr.  Noble's  paper,  referred  to  above, 
states  that  "  in  1808  Dr.  Thomas  Young  suggested,  in  an  address 
before  the  Royal  Society,  that  the  exponent  of  the  term  indicat- 
ing the  velocity  was  more  nearly  1.8.  Later,  in  1855,  Thomas 
Hawksley  made  an  extended  exposition  of  the  same  view,  and 
in  1873  Mr.  Lampe  presented  the  results  of  his  experiments  on 
the  Danzig  pipe  line  as  expressed  by  his  well-known  formula 
v  =  203.3  r°-694$°-555 

=  77.63  d°-694s°-555, 
r  =  the  mean  hydraulic  radius, 

_  . head  or  fall 

horizontal  projection  of  slope' 
d  =  diameter  in  feet. 

Below  are  given  the  results  of  a  number  of  experiments 
which  are  interesting  to  study.  (See  Trans.  Am.  Soc.  C.E., 
Vol.  49.) 


Date 
of 
Test. 

Experimenter. 

Int. 
Diam. 
of  Pipe. 
Inches. 

Material. 

#/Per 
1000  Ft. 

A.  L.  Adams 

14.04 

Wood 

0.300     0173 

1902 

T.  A.  Noble 

44  .  50 

Wood 

0.125     01-73 

T.  A.  Noble 

54.18 

Wood 

0.0815  vl  73 

1897 
1899 

Marx,  Wing  and  Hoskins 
Marx,  Wing  and  Hoskins 

72.50 
72.50 

Wood 
Wood 

0.062     fli-73 
0  .  048     0i  94 

1904 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

8.006 

C.  I. 

0  .  59        0i  si 

1908 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

6.075 

W.  I. 

0  .  60       0i  94 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

5.943 

Steel  Riv. 

0.80            0185 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

5.871 

Steel  Riv. 

0.97        0192 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

5.066 

W.  I. 

0.99        01-91 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

5.013 

Brass 

0.92       01-79 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

4.078 

W.  I. 

1  .  18          01-95 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

4.084 

Steel  Riv. 

1  .  34           01.85 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

4.084 

Steel  Riv. 

1.45          gl.M 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

3.120 

W.  I. 

1.62       0L91 

Schoder  and  Gehring 

2.067 

W.  I. 

3.15           01.98 

An  inspection  of  the  above-recorded  results  indicates  how 
indeterminate  and  uncertain  is  the  value  of  the  exponent  of  v. 
It  seems  to  be  materially  affected  by  the  condition  of  roughness 


FLOW  OF  WATER  IN  CLOSED  PIPES          13 

of  the  interior  walls  of  the  pipe,  and  hence  the  character  of  the 
material  forming  the  pipe  is  an  essential  factor. 

Especial  attention  is  drawn  to  the  different  results  obtained 
by  the  same  experimenters  of  the  72^-inch  pipe  at  Ogden,  Utah. 
In  1897  the  experimenters  ascertained  the  value  of  the  exponent 
n  to  be  1.73,  whereas  two  years  later  it  was  found  by  the  same 
experimenters  to  be  1.94.  Was  this  difference  due  to  errors  of 
observation  or  to  the  changed  condition  of  the  internal  walls 
of  the  pipe? 

While  it  may  be  of  much  interest  to  a  class  of  investigators 
and  technical  writers  to  determine  to  a  "  hair-splitting  "  degree 
the  exact  value  of  the  exponent  of  v,  and  though  there  seems 
to  be  good  reason  for  believing  that  n  approximates  1.73,  with 
pipe  in  good  smooth  condition,  yet  the  practical  man  may 
rightly  hesitate  to  follow  any  but  an  absolutely  safe  course,  and 
provide  in  his  design  for  a  "  factor  of  ignorance,"  for  he  is 
dealing  with  conditions  and  materials  that  are  uncertain  to  a 
pronounced  degree,  and  instead  of  "  driving  too  close  to  the  preci- 
pice," he  will  do  well  to  be  guided  by  Pat,  who  affirmed  that 
"  Bedad  he  would  kape  as  far  from  the  hole  as  possible."  In 
saying  this,  we  do  not  want  to  be  understood  as  countenancing 
ill-advised  caution,  resulting  in  needless  expense.  Reason 
and  good  judgment,  in  other  words,  the  exercise  of  good  common 
sense  must  be  the  guide  and  safeguard  of  the  practical  engineer. 

An  engineer  rarely  gets  credit  for  work  well  done.  When  .his 
estimates  of  cost  and  capacity  are  verified  by  results,  it  is  only 
what  should  be  expected  and  but  little,  if  any,  note  is  made  of 
the  fact,  but  let  the  capacity  of  a  pipe  line  fall  even  a  little 
below  the  engineer's  estimate  and  that  engineer  will  never 
outlive  the-  criticism  and  censure  that  his  mistake  will  surely 
arouse.  In  view  of  this  and  the  uncertain,  varying  conditions 
attaching  to  materials  and  other  factors  which,  in  greater  or 
less  degree  affect  every  piece  of  engineering  construction,  it 
behooves  the  engineer  to  avoid  hewing  too  closely  to  the  line 
in  planning  his  work.  Usually  the  difference  in  cost  between 
success  and  failure  is  small.  It  is  far  better  for  all  interests 
concerned  to  incur  the  additional  expense  and  secure  successful 
results. 


14  FLOW  OF  WATER 

PLOTTING  FLOW  DATA  BY  MEANS  OF  LOGARITHMS 

Everybody  who  has  to  make  many  computations  and  esti- 
mates, as  is  the  case  with  engineers,  appreciates  the  great  saving 
in  "  gray  matter,"  as  well  as  in  time  and  book  space,  that  can 
be  effected  by  employing  logarithms.  Let  the  reader  not 
drop  the  benefit  of  logarithms  after  he  has  completed  his  cal- 
culations, but  let  him  satisfy  himseK  that  he  cannot  with  profit 
employ  them  in  plotting  his  results.  In  the  author's  opinion 
there  is  no  better  way  to  fix  a  mathematical  truth  in  one's  mind 
than  by  the  use  of  a  diagram.  If  the  reader  has  not  already 
done  so,  he  is  advised  to  read  and  carefully  study  the  excellent 
and  practical  book  entitled  "  Calculus  for  Engineers,"  by  John 
Perry.  By  means  of  plots  and  diagrams,  Prof.  Perry  teaches 
in  a  clear,  practical  and  intensely  interesting  manner,  the  prin- 
ciples underlying  the  calculus  and  their  adaptation  to  Applied 
Mechanics. 

Though  it  may  seem  elementary  and  out  of  place  to  insert 
here  a  brief  explanation  relating  to  the  application  of  logarithms 
to  plotting  flow  data,  it  is  believed  that  such  an  explanation 
may  be  of  assistance  to  some  readers  who  may  not  have  given 
the  subject  special  thought.  If  we  desire  to  plot  the  expression 
H=mx,  we  draw  a  straight  line  0-7  (Diagram  A),  having  a 
slope  of  m  vertical  to  one  horizontal.  The  ordinate  (vertical 
distance  above  horizontal  line  through  0)  opposite  to  any 
point  in  the  line  will  be  m  times  the  abscissa  (horizontal  dis- 
tance from  vertical  line  through  0)  of  that  point.  If  instead  of 
H  =  mx,  we  wish  to  plot  H  =  b  -\-rnx,  we  draw  a  line  parallel 
with  the  previous  one  but  through  a  point  vertically  above  0 
and  b  distance  from  it. 

To  use  a  concrete  case,  suppose  we  wish  to  plot  H=2x,  the 
line  0-7  (Diagram  A)  serves  as  the  multiplier  2. 

If  we  wish  to  plot  H  =  W-}-2x,  we  draw  our  line  parallel  with 
0-7,  but  through  the  point  10.  If  z  =4,  then  H  =  18. 

If  on  the  other  hand,  we  wish  to  plot  H=xm,  we  can  with 
profit  use  logarithms.  Instead  of  spacing  our  lines  as  in  Dia- 
gram A,  proportional  to  the  numbers,  we  now  space  them  pro- 
portional to  the  logarithms  of  the  numbers,  as  in  Diagram  B. 


PLOTTING  DATA  BY  MEANS  OF  LOGARITHMS     15 


If  now  we  draw  the  line  1-7  in  Diagram  B,  with  the  same  slope 
(m  vertical  to  one  horizontal)  as  0-7  in  Diagram  A,  the  ordinate 
opposite  to  any  point  in  the  line  will  be  the  m  power  of  the 
abscissa  of  that  point,  or  H=xm.  If  we  draw  our  line  parallel 


/* 

P 

. 

f 

/ 

/ 

I 

/ 

f 

/ 

\ 

J 

/ 

/ 

/ 

f 

i 

1 

A 

j 

•v 

/ 

^ 

/ 

/ 

•4 

v 

/ 

i 

f 

/ 

M 

f 

V  ' 

/ 

/ 

V 

r 

/ 

/ 

-r 

1 

2 

/ 

/ 

y 

/ 

/ 

/ 

0 

/A 

0 

9A 

M 

/ 

^" 

/ 

i 

/ 

•Q 

/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

J 

/ 

/ 

(_ 

Y 

i 

01234       567 


9       10      1! 


with  1--7  but  above  it,  passing  through  a  point  vertically  over 
1  and  6  distance  from  it,  our  line  represents  the  expression 
H=bxm. 

Let  z  =  1.5  and  6=2,  then  #  =  2-1.52  and  we  read  directly 
from  the  ordinate  of  the  point  in  this  line,  vertically  over  1.5 
and  obtain  #  =  4.5. 


16 


FLOW  OF  WATER 


The  difference  between  the  two  diagrams  is,  that  in  Diagram  A 
we  space  the  lines  proportional  with  the  numbers  and  hence 
obtain  simple  multiplication,  but  to  multiply  a  logarithm  is  to 
obtain  the  logarithm  of  a  power  of  the  corresponding  number, 


25 


hence  the  line  1-7  in  Diagram  B,  by  multiplying  the  logarithm, 
correspondingly  raises  the  number  to  the  m  power.  Diagram  A 
deals  with  the  numbers,  Diagram  B  deals  with  the  logarithms, 
hence  it  is  that  the  line  2-6,  in  Diagram  B,  represents  the 
general  expression  H  =bxm  instead  of  H  =b+mx,  as  in  Diagram 


PLOTTING  DATA  BY  MEANS  OF  LOGARITHMS    17 

A,  because  H  is  made  up  of  the  log  b  plus  the  log  x,  and  the  sum 
of  these  indicates  a  product. 

If  any  function  of  a  formula  varies  as  a  power  of  another 
function,  the  relation  between  the  two  can  be  expressed  by  a 


1.5  2  Z.5 

VELOCITY  m  FEET  PER  SECOND 


straight  line,  through  the  use  of  logarithms;  not  only  this,  but 
if  we  have  the  results  of  any  set  of  experiments,  giving  the  loss 
of  head  corresponding  to  two  or  more  rates  of  flow,  we  can  readily 
determine  a  formula  to  meet  the  conditions  by  means  of  a  loga- 
rithmic plotting  of  the  results.  For  instance,  suppose  we  find 


18  FLOW  OF  WATER 

by  experiment  that  the  loss  of  head  per  1000  feet  in  a  24-inch 
pipe  line  amounts  to  0.620  foot,  the  velocity  of  flow  being 
2  feet  per  ^second,  and  with  the  same  pipe  line,  the  loss  of  head 
per  1000  feet  amounts  to  0.35  foot  at  a  velocity  of  1.5  foot  per 
second  and  0.155  foot  when  the  velocity  of  flow  is  but  1  foot 
per  second.  We  desire  to  find  the  relationship  existing  between 
the  velocity  and  loss  of  head. 

Plotting  the  losses  of  head  as  shown,  upon  Diagram  C,  and 
connecting  the  three  points,  we  obtain  the  straight  line  ACEB. 
It  will  be  noted  that  the  horizontal  and  vertical  spacing  of 
the  lines  is  not  in  proportion  to  the  numbers,  tut  instead, 
spacing  is  in  proportion  to  the  logarithms  of  the  mm  bers. 

The  natural  tangent  of  the  angle  ECD,  which  the  plotted 
line  makes  with  the  horizontal,  represents  the  pouer  of  the 
velocity  in  the  general  expression  Hf  =  mvn.  The  tangent  in 
this  case  equals  2;  in  other  words  the  slope  of  the  line  is  two 
vertical  to  one  horizontal.  This  means  that  the  vertical  reach 
or  distance  of  any  point  in  the  line,  as  E}  above  any  other  point 
in  that  line,  as  for  instance  C,  is  twice  the  horizontal  distance 
of  the  same  point  E  from  the  point  C,  but  to  double  the  logarithm 
of  a  number  gives  the  logarithm  of  the  square  of  that  number, 
hence  the  ordinate  opposite  any  point  in  the  line  indicates  the 
square  of  the  value  attaching  to  that  point.  In  this  case  then, 
the  loss  of  head  varies  as  the  square  of  the  velocity. 

Let  us  take  another  case  of  a  24-inch  pipe  line  and  assume 
that  the  loss  of  head  per  1000  feet,  at  velocity  of  flow  of  2  feet 
per  second,  amounts  to  0.60  foot;  and  that  the  loss  of  head 
amounts  to  0.40  foot  per  1000  feet  when  the  flow  has  a  velocity 
of  1.6  foot  per  second,  while  at  velocity  of  1  foot  the  loss  of 
head  is  0.18  foot  per  1000  feet.  If  we  plot  a  line  through  the 
points  indicating  these  conditions,  upon  Diagram  C,  it  will  be 
found  that  the  natural  tangent  of  the  angle  which  this  new  line 
would  make  with  the  horizontal  lines  upon  the  diagram  is  1.73, 
indicating  that  the  loss  of  head,  in  this  case,  varies  as  the  1.73 
power  of  the  velocity,  instead  of  as  the  square,  as  in  the  first  case. 

When  the  velocity  equals  1  foot  per  second,  it  is  evident 
that  Hf=m.  In  the  first  case  assumed,  m  equals  0.155  foot 
and  in  the  second  case  its  value  is  0.20.  In  this  way  the 


PLOTTING  DATA  BY  MEANS  OF  LOGARITHMS    19 


.0.  JO  93rnvA 


20 


FLOW  OF  WATER 


values  of  m,  in  the  expression  Hf  =  mv1'73,  as  given  in 
Table  3,  have  been  determined  by  plotting  on  a  large -scale 
logarithmic  diagram,  the  results  of  certain  recorded  tests  of  flow 
in  various-sized  pipe  lines,  and  upon  the  values  of  m  thus  deter- 
mined the  calculated  amounts  of  flow  in  the  extended  tables 
have  been  based. 

TABLE  3 

These  values  were  obtained  by  plotting  upon  a  large-scale  loga- 
rithmic diagram  a  straight  line  passing  through  points  indicating 
values  of  intercepts  for  14",  54"  and  72''  pipe,  as  above  stated  and 
reading  values  of  intercepts  for  other  sizes  of  pipe. 

Values  of  m  in  expression  Hj  =  mv1'™. 


Diameter. 

Value  of  m. 

Diameter. 

Value  of  777. 

4 

0..980 

38 

0.114 

6 

.671 

40 

.109 

8 

.517 

42 

.104 

10 

.413 

44 

.0991 

12 

.348 

46 

.0954 

14 

.300 

48 

.0917 

16 

.263 

54 

.0820 

18 

.236 

60 

.0740 

20 

.212 

66 

.0671 

22 

.194 

72 

.0620 

24 

.178 

78 

.0575 

26 

.165 

84 

.0534 

28 

.153 

90 

.0498 

30 

.144 

96 

.0470 

32 

.134 

108 

.0417 

34 

.127 

120 

.0378 

36 

.120 

Comparison  of  estimated  discharges  through  pipes  of  sizes 
specified  and  as  determined  by  formulae  of  the  several  authorities 
given. 

NOTE:  The  value  of  c  In  the  expression  v  =  c^rst  Is  assumed 
constant  for  each  size  of  pipe  and  not  affected  by  slope:  Value  of 
c  in  Kutter  formulae  2V=.010,  is  assumed  as  unity  for  oasis  of  com- 
parison. 


4 

12 

24 

48 

72 

96 

120 

Kutter  
DM  rev 

N=  .010 
N=  .011 
N  =  .012 
N=  .013 

1.00 
.87 
.77 
.69 
1    15 

1.00 
.89 
.79 
.71 
91 

1.00 
.89 
.80 
.73 
81 

1.00 
.90 
.82 
.74 
73 

1.00 
.90 

.82 
.75 
6P 

1.00 
.90 
.83 
.76 
66 

1.00 
.90 
.83 
.76 
.64 

Lampe  
Fannin?.  .  .  . 
Hf-mv1**  .  . 

1.09 
1.12 
1  .46 

.97 
.90 
1.10 

.94 
.85 
.95 

.91 

.86 
.79 

.91 
.87 

.78 

.91 
.90 
.75 

.93 

.99 
.74 

TABULATED  FLOW  DATA  21 


TABULATED  FLOW  DATA 

In  the  following  extended  tables 
K  refers  to  Kutter. 
D  refers  to  D'Arcy. 
L  refers  to  Lampe. 
F  refers  to  Fanning. 
c  refers  to  c  in  Chezy  Formula 
S  refers  to  exponential  formula,  Hf—mv1-7^. 

The  Kutter  formula,  with  n=  0.010,  is  applicable  to  flow  in 
new  wood-stave  pipe.  G^. 

For  clean  cast-iron  pipe,  a  very  common  value  assumed  for 
n  is  0.012. 

The  formulae  by  D'Arcy,  Lampe  and  Fanning  and  the  expres- 
sion Hf=mv1-73  are  generally  accepted  as  applying  to  clean 
cast-iron  pipe. 

A  "  birds-eye  view "  of  the  situation  can  be  obtained  by 
inspection  of  Diagram  D,  upon  which  are  graphically  shown 
values  of  c,  in  the  expression  v  =  c\/rs,  as  determined  by  the  sev- 
eral formulas  under  consideration  and  for  stated  sizes  of  pipe, 
when  #  =  4.0  feet  per  second. 

Results  determined  by  the  Fanning  formula  for  pipes  between 
60  and  96  inches  in  diameter  do  not  appear  to  be  consistent 
with  the  results  obtained  from  the  formula  for  sizes  below  60 
inches  in  diameter,  as  shown  upon  Diagram  D. 

It  is  believed  that  the  values  of  c  for  96-inch  pipe  by  the 
Fanning  formula  can  stand  inspection,  but  the  values  for  66,  72, 
78,  84  and  90-inch  pipe  are  too  small,  as  will  be  evident  by 
inspecting  the  Fanning  curve  on  Diagram  D. 

It  is  well  known  that,  under  ordinary  conditions,  the  carrying 
capacity  of  iron  pipe  begins  to  decrease  as  soon  as  laid  and  put 
into  service;  just  how  much  this  decrease  will  amount  to  in 
stated  periods  of  time  is  entirely  dependent  upon  local  conditions. 

Some  writers  have  undertaken  to  tabulate  percentages  of 
normal  or  original  carrying  capacity  that  pipes  will  discharge 
after  stated  periods  of  service.  To  do  this  seems  to  the  author 
akin  to  buying  eye-glasses  from  a  curbstone  vendor — it  would 


22  FLOW  OF  WATER 

be  a  miracle  if  such  glasses  chanced  to  fit  the  purchaser's  eyes. 
Last  year  (1914)  the  author  had  occasion  to  test  the  carrying 
capacities  of  two  36-inch  parallel  cast-iron  pipe  lines — which 
were  laid  at  the  same  time  (1889),  within  a  few  feet  of  each  other, 
practically  in  the  same  trench  of  same  length.  With  these 
conditions  being  the  same  with  both  pipe  lines,  it  might  be 
assumed  that  the  two  lines  would  have  the  same  resistance  head, 
and  yet,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  one  line  offered  twice  as  much 
resistance  as  did  the  other. 

Thinking  there  might  be  some  obstruction  causing  the  larger 
resistance  head,  the  pipe  was  uncovered  at  points  100  feet  apart 
and  corporation  cocks  inserted,  to  which  tested  gauges  were 
attached.  The  resulting  pressures,  when  plotted  and  adjusted 
to  a  common  datum  of  levels,  demonstrated  that  the^resistance 
was  uniform  throughout  the  length  of  the  pipe.  At  that  time 
the  two  lines  of  pipe  were  delivering  water  from  the  same  pump 
and  into  the  same  basin. 

The  explanation  seems  to  lie  in  the  fact  that  the  pipe  line 
offering  the  least  resistance  had  previously  been  used  to  con- 
vey raw  water  from  the  Missouri  River,  which  carries  in  suspen- 
sion considerable  sand,  and  this  has  contributed  in  keeping 
the  interior  walls  of  the  pipe  well  scoured  and  hence  free  from 
tuberculation,  whereas  the  other  line  has  been  used  in  carrying 
water  that  had  been  settled  and  also  treated  and  hence  was 
clear  and  had  no  such  scouring  influence. 

Every  pipe  line  will  have  to  be  judged  in  the  light  of  local 
conditions.  To  undertake  to  prescribe  hard  and  fast  values 
expressing  the  decrease  in  carrying  capacities,  because  of  age, 
is,  the  author  believes,  a  dangerous  procedure  and  is  more  than 
likely  liable  to  mislead.  Better  let  each  case  be  decided  inde- 
pendent of  others. 

The  following  table  is  appended,  as  a  mere  suggestion  of  the 
effects  of  age  upon  cast-iron  pipe.  The  data  contained  in  the 
table  are  based  upon  results  of  measurements  of  flow  and  pres- 
sures in  the  pipe-distribution  system  of  a  Western  city,  using 
filtered  mountain  water,  containing  about  30  grains  of  mineral 
salts  per  gallon. 


TABULATED   FLOW  DATA 


23 


TABULATED  VALUES  OF  PERCENTAGE  OF  CARRY- 
ING CAPACITIES  OF  OLD  PIPE  TO  NEW  CLEAN 
CAST-IRON  PIPE 

YEARS  PIPE  HAS  BEEN  IN  SERVICE 


Diameter 
Inches. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

6 

80 

70 

61 

58 

54 

52 

50 

49 

47 

8'      .... 

84 

75 

70 

64 

61 

58 

56 

54 

52 

10.  . 

88 

80 

74 

70 

66 

64 

62 

59 

57 

12      

88 

84 

76 

74 

70 

68 

67 

65 

63 

14.  . 

87 

84 

77 

75 

74 

71 

68 

67 

65 

16 

88 

85 

.  78 

76 

74 

72 

70 

68 

67 

20  

89 

85 

79 

77 

75 

74 

72 

70 

68 

24.  . 

PO 

86 

81 

79 

77 

75 

74 

72 

70 

30 

91 

86 

83 

81 

79 

77 

75 

74 

72 

36.  . 

92 

87 

85 

83 

81 

79 

77 

75 

74 

48 

93 

89 

87 

85 

83 

81 

78 

77 

75 

60  

94 

91 

89 

87 

85 

83 

80 

78 

76 

72 

95 

93 

91 

89 

87 

84 

82 

80 

78 

YEARS  PIPE  HAS  BEEN  IN  SERVICE 


Diameter 
Inches. 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

20 

25 

30 

40 

6.  . 

46 

45 

44 

43 

42 

41 

39 

36 

35 

34 

8  

51 

50 

49 

49 

48 

47 

44 

42 

41 

40 

10   

56 

56 

55 

55 

54 

53 

50 

48 

47 

46 

12  

62 

62 

61 

60 

59 

58 

56 

53 

52 

51 

14  

63 

63 

62 

61 

60 

59 

57 

54 

53 

52 

16.  

65 

64 

63 

62 

61 

60 

58 

55 

54 

53 

20  

67 

65 

64 

63 

62 

61 

59 

56 

55 

54 

24  

68 

66 

65 

64 

63 

62 

60 

57 

56 

55 

30  

70 

68 

67 

66 

65 

64 

62 

58 

57 

56 

36      

7?, 

70 

69 

68 

66 

65 

63 

60 

5Q 

58 

48    

74 

72 

70 

69 

68 

66 

64 

61 

60 

5Q 

60      

75 

73 

72 

70 

69 

68 

65 

62 

61 

60 

72    

76 

74 

73 

71 

70 

69 

66 

63 

62 

61 

TABLES 


4-INCH  PIPE 


27 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    *J. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

0.2120 

0.019 

8 

0.012 

73.452 

D 

.2936 

.026 

11 

.017 

101.710 

L 

.2180 

.019 

9 

.012 

75.643 

F 

.2673 

.023 

11 

.015 

92.606 

S 

.2673 

.023 

10 

.015 

92.604 

K 

0.12 

0.2449 

0.021 

10 

0.014 

77.438 

D 

.3216 

.028 

13 

.018 

101.710 

L 

.2420 

.021 

10 

.014 

76.406 

F 

.2928 

.026 

12 

.017 

92.606 

S 

.2970 

.026 

12 

.017 

93.929 

K 

0.15 

0.2762 

0.024 

11 

0.016 

78.134 

D 

.3596 

.031 

14 

.020 

101.710 

L 

.2730 

.024 

11 

.015 

77.350 

F 

.3283 

.029 

13 

.019 

92.854 

S 

.3379 

.029 

13 

.019 

95.581 

K 

0.20 

0.3324 

0.029 

13 

0.019 

80.878 

D 

.4152 

.036 

16 

.023 

101.710 

L 

.3210 

.028 

13 

.018 

78.583 

F 

.3801 

.033 

15 

.021 

92.890 

S 

.3991 

.035 

16 

.023 

97.751 

K 

0.30 

0.4196 

0.037 

16 

0.024 

83.915 

D 

.5085 

.044 

20 

.029 

101.710 

L 

.4020 

.035 

16 

.023 

80.355 

F 

.4671 

.041 

18 

.026 

93.420 

S 

.5045 

.044 

20 

.028 

100.900 

K 

0.40 

0.4940 

0.043 

19 

0.028 

85.566 

D 

.5872 

.051 

23 

.033 

101.710 

L 

.4710 

.041 

19 

.027 

81.636 

F 

.5405 

.047 

21 

.031 

93.610 

S 

.5957 

.052 

23 

.034 

103.180 

K 

0.50 

0.5591 

0.049 

22 

0.032 

86  .  623 

D 

.6565 

.057 

26 

.037 

101.710 

L 

.5330 

.047 

21 

.030 

82  .  646 

F 

.6062 

.053 

24 

.034 

93.910 

S 

.6777 

.059 

27 

.038 

104.990 

K 

0.60 

0.6176 

0.054 

24 

0.035 

87.345 

D 

.7192 

.063 

28 

.041 

101.710 

L 

.5900 

.052 

23 

.033 

83.478 

F 

.6651 

.058 

26 

.038 

94.061 

S 

.7531 

.066 

29 

.042 

106.500 

K 

0.70 

0.6712 

0.059 

26 

0.038 

87.874 

D 

.7768 

.068 

31 

.044 

101.710 

L 

.6430 

.056 

25 

.036 

84.188 

F 

.7199 

.063 

28 

.041 

94.254 

S 

.8233 

.072 

32 

.046 

107.790 

28 


4-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UC< 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    C5. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

0.7224 

0.063 

28 

0.041 

88.472 

D 

.8304 

.072 

33 

.047 

101.710 

L 

.6920 

.060 

27 

.039 

84.811 

F 

.7717 

.067 

30 

.044 

94.517 

S 

.8893 

.078 

35 

.050 

108.920 

K 

0.90 

0.7673 

0.007 

30 

0.043 

88.597 

D 

.8808 

.077 

35 

.050 

101.710 

L 

.7390 

.065 

29 

.042 

85.359 

F 

.8191 

.072 

32 

.046 

94.582 

S 

.9520 

.083 

37 

.054 

109.920 

K 

1.0 

0.8110 

0.071 

32 

0.046 

88.841 

D 

.9285 

.081 

36 

.052 

101.710 

L 

.7840 

.068 

31 

.044 

85.856 

F 

.8652 

.076 

34 

.049 

94.781 

S 

1.0117 

.088 

40 

.057 

110.830 

K 

1.5 

1.0019 

0.088 

39 

0.057 

89.603 

D 

1.1371 

.099 

45 

.064 

101.710 

L 

0.9820 

.086 

39 

.055 

87.793 

F 

1.0671 

.093 

42 

.060 

95.449 

S 

.2790 

.112 

50 

.072 

114.390 

K 

2.0 

1.1620 

0.102 

46 

0.066 

90.010 

D 

.3130 

.115 

52 

.074 

101.710 

L 

.1510 

.100 

45 

.065 

89.193 

F 

.2375 

.108 

49 

.070 

95.856 

S  ^ 

.5103 

.132 

59 

.085 

116.990 

K 

3.0 

1.4295 

0.125 

56 

0.081 

90.413 

D 

.6081 

.140 

63 

.091 

101.710 

L 

.4420 

.126 

57 

.081 

91.205 

F 

.5244    ' 

.133 

60 

.086 

96.410 

S 

.9092 

.167 

75 

.108 

120.750 

K 

4.0 

1.6544 

0.144 

65 

0.093 

90.615 

D 

.8569 

.162 

73 

.105 

101.710 

L 

.6920 

.148 

66 

.095 

92.657 

F 

.7692 

.154 

69 

.100 

96.902 

3 

2.2547 

.197 

88 

.127 

123.490 

K 

5.0 

1.8501 

0.162 

73 

0.104 

90.634 

D 

2.0761 

.181 

81 

.117 

101  .710 

L 

1.9150 

.167 

75 

.108 

93.803 

F 

.9881 

.173 

78 

.112 

97.398 

S 

2.5650 

.224 

100 

.145 

125.660 

K 

6.0 

2.0307 

0.177 

80 

0.115 

90.818 

D 

.2742 

.198 

89 

.128 

101.710 

L 

.1190 

.185 

83 

.120 

94.748 

F 

.1892 

.191 

86 

.124 

97.906 

S 

.8501 

.249 

112 

.161 

127.460 

4-INCH   PIPE 


29 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

C 

K 

7.0 

2.1949 

0.192 

86 

0.124 

90.877 

D 

.4565 

.214 

96 

.139 

101.710 

L 

.3080 

.202 

90 

.130 

95.554 

F 

.3771 

.207 

93 

.134 

98.422 

S 

3.1086 

.272 

122 

.176 

129.000 

K 

8.0 

2.2941 

0.200 

90 

0.130 

90.919 

D 

.6261 

.229 

103 

.148 

101.710 

L 

.4850 

.217 

97 

.140 

96.261 

F 

.  5547 

.223 

100 

.144 

98.945 

S 

3.3658 

.294 

132 

.190 

130.350 

K 

9.0 

2.4909 

0.218 

98 

0.141 

90.956 

D 

.7854 

.243 

109 

.157 

101.710 

L 

.6530 

.232 

104 

.150 

96.883 

F 

.7180 

.237 

107 

.153 

99.248 

S 

3.6029 

.314 

141 

.203 

131.560 

K 

10.0 

2.6265 

0.230 

103 

0.148 

90.983 

D 

.9360 

.256 

115 

.166 

101.710 

L 

.8130 

.246 

111 

.159 

97.447 

F 

.8694 

.251 

112 

.162 

99.399 

S 

3.8291 

.334 

150 

.216 

132.640 

K 

11.0 

2.7553 

0.241 

108 

0.156 

91.006 

D 

3.0793 

.269 

121 

.174 

101.710 

L 

2.9660 

.259 

116 

.167 

97.960 

F 

3.0187 

.263 

118 

.170 

99.706 

8 

4.0459 

.353 

158 

.228 

133.630 

K 

12.0 

2.8785 

0.251 

113 

0.163 

91.025 

D 

3.2163 

.281 

126 

.181 

101.710 

L 

.1130 

.272 

122 

.176 

98.431 

F 

.1579 

.276 

124 

.178 

99.860 

S 

4.2547 

.371 

167 

.240 

134.540 

K 

13.0 

2.9971 

0.262 

118 

0.169 

91.037 

D 

3.3476 

.292 

131 

.189 

101.710 

L 

.2540 

.284 

128 

.184 

98.864 

F 

.  2945 

.288 

129 

.186 

100.090 

S 

4.4564 

.389 

175 

.251 

135.390 

K 

14.0 

3  .  1095 

0.272 

122 

0.175 

91.040 

D 

.4740 

.303 

136 

.196 

101.710 

L 

.3910 

.296 

133 

.191 

99.268 

F 

.4242 

.299 

134 

.193 

100.250 

S 

4.6513 

.406 

182 

.262 

136.180 

K 

15.0 

3.2195 

0.282 

126 

0.182 

91  .063 

D 

.5959 

.314 

141 

.203 

101  .710 

L 

.5230 

.307 

138 

109 

99.646 

F 

.5526 

.310 

139 

.200 

100.490 

S 

4.8405 

.422 

190 

.273 

136.910 

30 


4-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

1?>00 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

16.0 

3.3257 

0.290 

130 

0.188 

91.078 

D 

7138 

.324 

145 

.210 

101.710 

L 

.6520 

.319 

143 

.206 

100.000 

F 

.6750 

.321 

144 

.207 

100.640 

S 

j.0245 

.438 

197 

.283 

137.600 

K 

17.0 

3.4283 

0.299 

134 

0.194 

91.084 

D 

.8281 

.334 

150 

.216 

101.710 

L 

.7760 

.329 

148 

.213 

100.330 

F 

.7941 

.331 

149 

.214 

100.800 

8 

5.2037 

.454 

204 

.294 

138.250 

K 

18.0 

3.5280 

0.308 

138 

0.199 

91.092 

D 

.9391 

.344 

155 

.222 

101.710 

L 

.8980 

.340 

153 

.220     - 

100.650 

F 

.9093 

.341 

153 

.221 

100.940 

S 

5.3785 

.469 

211 

.303 

138.870 

K 

19.0 

3.6249 

0.317 

142 

0.205 

91.101 

D 

4.0470 

.353 

159 

.228 

101.710 

L 

.0170 

.351 

157 

.227 

100.950 

F 

.0205 

.351 

157 

.227 

101.040 

S 

5  .  5492 

.484 

217 

.313 

139.460 

K 

20.0 

3.7194 

0.325 

146 

0.210 

91.107 

D 

4.1522 

.362 

163 

.234 

101.710 

L 

.1330 

.361 

162 

.233 

101.230 

F 

.1283 

.360 

162 

.233 

101  .120 

8 

5.7162 

.499 

224 

.322 

140.020 

K 

21.0 

3.8116 

0.332 

149 

0.215 

91.113 

D 

4.2547 

.371 

167 

.240 

101.710 

L 

.2460 

.370 

166 

.240 

101.510 

F 

.2336 

.369 

166 

.239 

101.200 

S 

5.8796 

.513 

230 

.332 

140.550 

K 

22.0 

3.9014 

0.341 

153 

0.220 

91.117 

D 

4.3548 

.380 

171 

.246 

101.710 

L 

.3570 

.381 

171 

.246 

101.770 

F 

.3367 

.379 

170 

.245 

101.280 

S 

6.0391 

.527 

237 

.341 

141.040 

K 

23.0 

3.9894 

0.348 

156 

0.225 

91.123 

D 

4.4527 

.389 

175 

.251 

101.710 

L 

.4660 

.389 

175 

.252 

102.020 

F 

.4412 

.388 

174 

.251 

101.440 

S 

6.1971 

.541 

243 

.350 

141.550 

K 

24.0 

4.0753 

0.356 

160 

0.230 

91.128 

D 

.5484 

.397 

178 

.257 

101.710 

L 

.5730 

.399 

179 

.258 

102.260 

F 

.5404 

.396 

178 

.256 

101.520 

S 

6.3516 

.554 

249 

.358 

142.020 

4-INCH  PIPE 


31 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

25.0 

4.159 

0.363 

163 

0.235 

91.130 

D 

.642 

.405 

182 

.262 

101.710 

L 

.678 

.408 

183 

.264 

102.480 

F 

.641 

.405 

182 

.262 

101.690 

S    - 

6.503 

.568 

255 

.367 

142.480 

K 

30.0 

4.558 

0.398 

179 

0.257 

91.149 

D 

5.085 

.444 

199 

.287 

101.710 

L 

.176 

.452 

203 

.292 

103.520 

F 

.109 

.446 

200 

.288 

102.180 

S 

7.226 

.631 

283 

.408 

144.520 

K 

40.0 

5.264 

0.460 

207 

0.297 

91.170 

D 

.872 

.512 

230 

.331 

101.710 

L 

6.072 

.530 

238 

.343 

105.170 

F 

5.958 

.520 

233 

.336 

103.190 

S 

8.533 

.745 

334 

.481 

147.800 

K 

50.0 

5.886 

0.514, 

231 

0.332 

91.182 

D 

6  .  565 

.573 

257 

.370 

101.710 

L 

.872 

.600 

269 

.388 

106.470 

F 

.700 

.584 

2G2 

.378 

103.800 

S 

9.708 

.847 

380 

.548 

150.390 

K 

60.0 

6.448 

0.563 

253 

0.364 

91.189 

D 

7.192 

.628 

282 

.406 

101.710 

L 

.604 

.664 

297 

.429 

107.540 

F 

.371 

.643 

289 

.416 

104.240 

S 

10.787 

.941 

426 

.608 

152.550 

K 

70.0 

6.965 

0.608 

273 

0.393 

91.195 

D 

7.768 

.678 

305 

.438 

101.710 

L 

8.283 

.723 

325 

.467 

108.460 

F 

7.995 

.698 

313 

.451 

104.680 

S 

11.792 

1.029 

462 

.665 

154.400 

K 

80.0 

7.447 

0.650 

292 

0.420 

91.199 

D 

8.304 

.725 

326 

.468 

101.710 

L 

.921 

.779 

351 

.504 

109.260 

F 

.574 

.749 

336 

.484 

105.240 

S 

12.739 

1  .112 

499 

.718 

156.010 

K 

90.0 

7.899 

0.690 

310 

0.446 

91.206 

D 

8.808 

.769 

345 

.497 

101.710 

L 

9.523 

.831 

373 

.537 

109.970 

F 

.144 

.798 

358 

.517 

105.580 

S 

13.636 

1.190 

534 

.769 

157.450 

K 

100.0 

8.326 

0.727 

326 

0.470 

91.206 

D 

9.285 

.810 

364 

.    524 

101.710 

L 

10.097 

.881 

396 

.570 

110.600 

F 

9.663 

.843 

379 

.545 

105.850 

S 

14.492 

1.265 

568 

.817 

158.750 

32 


4-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 

c 

Hours. 

K 

150.0 

10.198 

0.890 

399 

0.575 

91  .212 

D 

11.371 

.992 

445 

.642 

101.710 

L 

12.645 

1.104 

495 

.713 

113.100 

F 

11.982 

.046 

469 

.676 

107.170 

S 

18.320 

.599 

718 

1.033 

163.850 

K 

200.0 

11.777 

1.028 

461 

0.664 

91.220 

D 

13.130 

.146 

515 

.741 

101.710 

L 

14.834 

.295 

581 

.837 

114.900 

F 

13.911 

.214 

545 

.785 

107.750 

K 

250.0 

13.168 

1.149 

516 

0.743 

91  .228 

D 

14.680 

.281 

575 

.828 

101  .710 

L 

16.789 

.465 

657 

.947 

116.320 

F 

15.580 

.360 

610 

.879 

107.940 

K 

300.0 

14.425 

1.259 

565 

0.814 

91  .228 

D 

16.081 

.403 

630 

.907 

101  .710 

K 

350.0 

15.580 

1.360 

610 

0.879 

91  .228 

6-INCH   PIPE 


33 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    b. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

0.2984 

0  .  059 

26 

0.038 

84.406 

D 

.3720 

.073 

33 

.047 

105.290 

L 

.2900 

.057 

26 

.037 

81.833 

F 

.3290 

.065 

29 

.042 

92.980 

S     . 

.3328 

.065 

29 

.042 

94.115 

K 

0.12 

0.3358 

0.066 

30 

0.043 

86.690 

D 

.4080 

.080 

36 

.052 

105.290 

L 

.3200 

.063 

28 

.041 

82.660 

F 

.3610 

.071 

32 

.046 

93.110 

S 

.3697 

.073' 

33 

.047 

95.464 

K 

0.15 

0.3863 

0.076 

34 

0.049 

89.207 

D 

.45*60 

.090 

40 

.058 

105.290 

L 

.3630 

.071 

32 

.046 

83.680 

F 

.4040 

.079 

36 

.051 

93.290 

S 

.4206 

.083 

37 

.053 

97  .  143 

K 

0.20 

0  .'4598 

0.090 

41 

0.058 

91.952 

D 

.5270 

.ioa 

46 

.067 

105.290 

L 

.4250 

.084 

38 

.054 

85.010 

F 

.4680 

.092 

41 

.059 

93.610 

S 

.4968 

.098 

44 

.063 

99.351 

K 

0.30 

0.5821 

0.115 

51 

0.074 

95.048 

D 

.6450 

.127 

57 

.082 

105.290 

L 

,5330 

.105 

47 

.068 

86.930 

F 

.5830 

.114 

51 

.074 

95.200 

S 

.6279 

.123 

55 

.080 

102.540 

K 

0.40 

0.6839 

0.134 

60 

0.087 

96.712 

D 

.7440 

.146 

66 

.095 

105.290 

L 

.6250 

.123 

55 

.079 

88.320 

F 

.6800 

.133 

60 

.086 

96.20 

S 

.7415 

.146 

65 

.094 

104.86 

K 

0.50 

6.7728 

0.152 

68 

0.098 

97.755 

D 

.8330 

.164 

73 

.106 

105.290 

L 

.7070 

.139 

62 

.090 

89.41 

F 

.7630 

.150 

67 

.097 

96.48 

S 

.8436 

.166 

74 

.107 

105.24 

K 

0.60 

0.8528 

0.172 

75 

0.108 

98.472 

D 

.9120 

.179 

80 

.116 

105.290 

L 

.7820 

.154 

69 

.099 

90.29 

F 

.8380 

.165 

74 

.106 

96.76 

S 

.9374 

.184 

83 

.119 

108.24 

K 

0.70 

0.9260 

0.182 

82 

0.118 

98.99 

D 

.9850 

.193 

87 

.125 

105.29 

L 

.8520 

.171 

75 

.108 

91.08 

F 

.9064 

.178 

80 

.115 

96.90 

S 

1  .02rO 

.201 

90 

.130 

109.55 

34 


6-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  D. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

0.994 

0.195 

88 

0.126 

99.39 

D 

1.053 

.207 

93 

.134 

105.29 

L 

0.918 

.180 

81 

.116 

91.75 

F 

.972 

.191 

86 

.123 

97.19 

S 

1.107 

.217 

98 

.140 

110.70 

K 

0.90 

1.058 

0.208 

93 

0.134 

99.70 

D 

.117 

.219 

98 

.142 

105.29 

L 

0.979 

.192 

86 

.124 

92.34 

F 

1.032 

.203 

91 

.131 

97.33 

8 

.185 

.233 

104 

.150 

111.72 

K 

1.0 

1.118 

0.220 

98 

0.142 

99.95 

D 

.172 

.231 

104 

.149 

105.29 

L 

.038 

.204 

92 

.132 

92.88 

F 

.091 

.215 

96 

.139 

97.62 

8 

.259 

.247 

111 

.160 

112.64 

K 

1.5 

1.379 

0.271 

122 

0.175 

100.72 

D 

.442 

.283 

127 

.183 

105.29 

L 

.301 

.255 

115 

.165 

94.98 

F 

.348 

.265 

119 

.171 

98.42 

8 

.592 

.313 

140 

.      202 

116.26 

K 

2.0 

1.598 

0.314 

141 

0.203 

101.04 

D 

.665 

.327 

147 

.211 

105.29 

L 

.526 

.299 

135 

.194 

96.49 

F 

.560 

.306 

138 

.198 

98.64 

8 

.883 

.370 

166 

.239 

119.06 

K 

3.0 

1.966 

0.386 

173 

0.249 

101.51 

D 

2.039 

.400 

180 

.259 

105.29 

L 

1.911 

.375 

168 

.243 

98.67 

F 

.926 

.378 

170 

.245 

99.48 

8 

2.377 

.467 

209 

.302 

122.72 

K 

4.0 

2.274 

0.447 

200 

0.289 

101.70 

D 

.355 

.462 

208 

.299 

105.29 

L 

.242 

.430 

193 

.284 

100.24 

F 

.242 

.440 

198 

.284 

100.24 

8 

.807 

.551 

247 

.356 

125.51 

K 

5.0 

2.546 

0  .  500 

224 

0.323 

101.83 

D 

.632 

.517 

232 

.334 

105.29 

L 

.537 

.498 

224 

.322 

101  .48 

F 

.520 

.495 

222 

.320 

100.80 

8 

3.193 

.627 

281 

.405 

127.72 

K 

6.0 

2.791 

0  .  548 

246 

0.354 

101.91 

D 

.884 

.566 

254 

.366 

105.29 

L 

.808 

.  552 

248 

.356 

102.50 

F 

.780 

.546 

245 

.353 

101  .53 

8 

3.548 

.697 

313 

.450 

129.55 

6-INCH  PIPE 


35 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Ua 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  •  . 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

3.016 

0.592 

266 

0.383 

101.96 

D 

.115 

.612 

275 

.395 

105.29 

L 

.058 

.601 

270 

.388 

103.37 

F 

.005 

.590 

264 

.381 

101.61 

S 

.879 

.762 

342 

.492 

131.11 

K 

8.0 

3.226 

0.633 

284 

0.410 

102.01 

D 

.330 

.654 

294 

.423 

105.29 

L 

.293 

.647 

290 

.418 

104.14 

F 

.226 

.633 

284 

.409 

102.02 

S 

4.189 

.823 

369 

.532 

132.47 

K 

9.0 

3.423 

0.672 

302 

0.434 

102.04 

D 

.532 

.694 

311 

.448 

105.29 

L 

.516 

.691 

310 

.446 

104.81 

F 

.438 

.674 

302 

.435 

102.27 

S 

4.485 

.881 

395 

.569 

133.71 

K 

10.0 

3.609 

0.709 

318 

0.458 

102.07 

D 

.723 

.731 

328 

.472 

105.29 

L 

.727 

.732 

329 

.473 

105.42 

F 

.625 

.712 

319 

.460 

102.52 

S 

4.766 

.936 

420 

.605 

134.81 

K 

11.0 

3.786 

0.744 

334 

0.480 

102.10 

D 

.904 

.767 

344 

.496 

105.29 

L 

.930 

.772 

346 

.500 

105.95 

F 

.811 

.749 

336 

.484 

102.77 

8 

5.036 

.989 

444 

.639 

135.82 

K 

12.0 

3.955 

0.777 

349 

0.502 

102.11 

D 

4.078 

.801 

359 

.518 

105.29 

L 

.124 

.810 

364 

.523 

106.49 

F 

3.987 

.783 

351 

.506 

102.94 

S 

5.296 

1.040 

467 

.672 

136.74 

K 

13.0 

4.117 

0.809 

363 

0.523 

102.13 

D 

.245 

.833 

374 

.539 

105.29 

L 

.312 

.847 

380 

.547 

106.96 

F 

.160 

.817 

367 

.528 

103.19 

S 

5.547 

1.089 

489 

.704 

137.60 

K 

14.0 

4.273 

0.839 

376 

0.543 

102.14 

D 

.405 

.865 

389 

.559 

105.29 

L 

.493 

.882 

396 

.570 

107.39 

F 

.328 

.849 

381 

.549 

103.45 

S 

5.790 

1.137 

510 

.735 

138.40 

K 

15.0 

4.423 

0.868 

390 

0.561 

102.15 

D 

.559 

.895 

402 

.579 

105.29 

L 

.668 

.917' 

412 

.592 

107.80 

F 

.491 

.882 

396 

.570 

103.71 

S 

6.025 

1.183 

531 

.765 

139.15 

36 


6-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

16.0 

4.569 

0.897 

403 

0.580 

102.16 

D 

.709 

.925 

415 

.598 

105.29 

L 

.838 

.950 

426 

.614 

108.18 

F 

.646 

.913 

410 

.590 

103.89 

S 

6  .  254 

1.228 

551 

.794 

139.85 

K 

17.0 

4.710 

0.925 

415 

0.598 

102.17 

D 

.854 

.953 

428 

.616 

105.29 

L 

5.004 

.983 

441 

.635 

108.55 

F 

4.793 

.941 

422 

.608 

103.97 

S 

6.477 

1.272 

571 

.822 

140.51 

K 

18.0 

4.847 

0.952 

427 

0.615 

102.17 

D 

.994 

.981 

440 

.634 

105.29 

L 

5.165 

1.014 

455 

.655 

108.89 

F 

4.936 

0.969 

435 

.626 

104.06 

S 

6.695 

1.315 

590 

.850 

141.14 

K 

19.0 

4.980 

0.978 

439 

0.632 

102.18 

D 

5.131 

1.008 

452 

.651 

105.29 

L 

.322 

.045 

469 

.675 

109.21 

F 

.076 

0.997 

447 

.644 

104.15 

S 

6.907 

1.356 

609 

.876 

141.72 

K 

20.0 

5.110 

1.006 

451 

0  .  650 

102.19 

D 

.265 

.034 

464 

.668 

105.29 

L 

.476 

.075 

483 

.695 

109.52 

F 

.212 

.023 

460 

.661 

104.24 

S 

7.115 

.397 

627 

.903 

142.30 

K 

21.0 

5.236 

1.028 

462 

0.665 

102.20 

D 

.395 

.059 

476 

.685 

105.29 

L 

.626 

.105 

496 

.714 

109.81 

F 

.345 

.050 

471 

.678 

104.33 

S 

7.319 

.437 

645 

.929 

142.85 

K 

22.0 

5.360 

1.052 

473 

0.680 

102.20 

D 

.522 

.084 

487 

.701 

105.29 

L 

.773 

.134 

509 

.733 

110.09 

F 

.476 

.075 

483 

.695 

104.41 

S 

7.538 

.480 

664 

^     .957 

143.75 

K 

23.0 

5.480 

1.076 

483 

0.695 

102.21 

D 

.646 

.109 

497 

.717 

105.29 

L 

.918 

.162 

522 

.751 

110.36 

F 

.603 

.100 

494 

.711 

104.50 

S 

7.714 

.515 

680 

.979 

143.87 

K 

24.0 

5.598 

1.099 

494 

0.711 

102.21 

D 

.767 

.132 

509 

.732 

105.29 

L 

6.059 

.190 

534 

.769 

110.62 

F 

5.733 

.126 

505 

.728 

104.68 

S 

7.906 

.552 

.697 

1.003 

144.35 

6-INCH  PIPE 


37 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    C5. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

25.0 

5.714 

1.122 

504 

0.725 

102.22 

D 

.886 

.156 

518 

.747 

105.29 

L 

6.198 

.217 

546 

.786 

110.87 

F 

5.857 

.150 

516 

.743 

104.76 

S 

8.095 

.590 

713 

1.027 

144.81 

K 

30.0 

6.260 

1.229 

552 

0.795 

102.23 

D 

.448 

.266 

568 

.818 

105.29 

L 

.858 

.347 

604 

.870 

1  1  1  .  99 

F 

.460 

-.268 

569 

.820 

105.49 

S 

8.995 

.766 

793 

1.141 

146.88 

K 

40.0 

7.231 

1.420 

637 

0.918 

102.25 

D 

.445 

.462 

656 

.945 

105.29 

L 

8.045 

.580 

709 

1.021 

113.77 

F 

7.531 

.479 

664 

0.956 

106.51 

S 

10.622 

2.086 

936 

1.348 

150.22 

K 

50.0 

8.085 

1.588 

712 

1.026 

102.26 

D 

.324 

.635 

734 

.056 

105.29 

L 

9.106 

.788 

803 

.156 

115.31 

F 

8.480 

.665 

747 

.076 

107.27 

3 

12.084 

2.373 

1065 

.534 

152.85 

K 

60.0 

8.857 

1.739 

780 

1.124 

102.27 

D 

9.119 

.790 

804 

.157 

105.29 

L 

10.075 

.978 

888 

.279 

116.34 

F 

9.366 

.839 

825 

.189 

108.14 

S 

13.427 

2.637 

1183 

.704 

155.04 

K 

70.0 

9.567 

1.879 

843 

1.214 

102.28 

D 

.849 

.934 

868 

.250 

105.29 

L 

10.975 

2.155 

967 

.393 

117.33 

F 

.125 

1.988 

892 

.285 

108.24 

S 

14.679 

2.882 

1294 

.863 

156.92 

K 

80.0 

10.228 

2.008 

901 

1.298 

102.29 

D 

.529 

.067 

928 

.336 

105.29 

L 

11.820 

.321 

1042 

.500 

118.20 

F 

10.864 

.133 

958 

.379 

108.63 

S 

15.862 

3.115 

1398 

2.013 

158.62 

K 

90.0 

10.849 

2.130 

956 

1.377 

102.29 

D 

11  .168 

.193 

984 

.417 

105.29 

L 

12.618 

.478 

1112 

.601 

118.96 

F 

11.554 

.269 

1018 

.466 

108.94 

K 

100.0 

11.437 

2.251 

1010 

1.455 

102.29 

D 

.772 

.312 

1038 

.494 

105.29 

L 

13.378 

.627 

1179 

.698 

119.65 

F 

12.202 

.396 

1075 

.549 

109.14 

K 

150.0 

14.008 

2.750 

1235 

1.778 

102.30 

D 

.418 

.831 

1271 

.830 

1  05  .  29 

L 

16.754 

3   290 

1477 

2.126 

122.35 

F 

15.057 

2.956 

1327 

1.911 

109.95 

K 

200.0 

16.176 

3.176 

1426 

2.053 

102.30 

D 

.648 

.269 

1467 

.113 

105.29 

38 


8-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

fooo 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

0.378 

0.132 

59 

0.085 

92.65 

D 

.438 

.153 

69 

.010 

107.23 

L 

.354 

.123 

55 

.080 

86.52 

F 

.395 

.138 

62 

.089 

96.83 

8 

.387 

.135 

60 

.087 

94.76 

K 

0.12 

0.425 

0.148 

66 

0.096 

94.94 

D 

.480 

.167 

75 

.108 

107.23 

L 

.391 

.136 

61 

.088 

87.40 

F 

.434 

.152 

68 

.098 

97.04 

3 

.430 

.150 

67 

.097 

96.11 

K 

0.15 

0.487 

0.170 

76 

0.110 

97.45 

D 

.536 

.187 

84 

.121 

107.23 

L 

.442 

.155 

69 

.100 

88.48 

F 

.486 

.170 

76 

.110 

97.26 

S 

.489 

.170 

77 

.110 

97.80 

K 

0.20 

0.577 

0.202 

90 

0.131 

100.19 

D 

.619 

.216 

97 

.140 

107.23 

L 

.519 

.181 

81 

.117 

89.89 

F 

.563 

.197 

88 

.127 

97  .  54 

S 

.578 

.202 

90 

.130 

100.02 

K 

0.30 

0.730 

0.255 

114 

0.165 

103.22 

D 

.758 

.265 

119 

.171 

107.23 

L 

.650 

.227 

102 

.147 

91.91 

F 

.693 

.242 

109 

.156 

97.98 

S 

.730 

.255 

114 

.165 

103.23 

K 

0.40 

0.856 

0.299 

134 

0.194 

104.86 

D 

.876 

.306 

137 

.198 

107.23 

L 

.763 

.266 

120 

.172 

93.38 

F 

.804 

.281 

126 

.181 

98.42 

8 

.862 

.301 

135 

.195 

105.58 

K 

0.50 

0.967 

0.338 

152 

0.218 

105.87 

D 

.979 

.342 

153 

.221 

107.23 

L 

.863 

.301 

135 

.195 

94  .  53 

F 

.901 

.315 

141 

.203 

98.72 

8 

.981 

.342 

154 

.221 

107.44 

K 

0.60 

1.066 

0.372 

167 

0.241 

106.57 

D 

.072 

.374 

168 

.241 

107.23 

L 

0.955 

.333 

150 

.215 

95  .  50 

F 

.991 

.345 

155 

.224 

99.10 

S 

1.090 

.380 

171 

.246 

108.97 

K 

0.70 

1.157 

0.404 

181 

0.261 

107.08 

D 

.158 

.404 

181 

.261 

107.23 

L 

.040 

.363 

163 

.235 

96.30 

F 

.072 

.375 

168 

.242 

99.25 

S 

.191 

.416 

187 

.269 

110.27 

8-INCH  PIPE 


39 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ssr  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

1.241 

0.433 

194 

0.280 

107.42 

D 

.238 

.432 

194 

.279 

107.23 

L 

.120 

.391 

175 

.253 

97.01 

F  . 

.149 

.401 

180 

.259 

99.48 

S 

.287 

.449 

202 

.290 

111.45 

K 

0.90 

1.320 

0.461 

207 

0.298 

107.78 

D 

.313 

.459 

206 

.296 

107.23 

L 

.196 

.417 

187 

.270 

97.64 

F 

.220 

.426 

191 

.275 

99.63 

S 

.378 

.481 

216 

.311 

112.48 

K 

1.00 

1.394 

0.487 

219 

0.315 

108.02 

D 

.385 

.484 

215 

.312 

107.23 

L 

.268 

.443 

199 

.286 

98.20 

F 

.290 

.450 

202 

.291 

99.94 

S 

.146 

.511 

229 

.330 

113.67 

K 

1.50 

1.720 

0.600 

269 

0.388 

108.76 

D 

.696 

.592 

266 

.383 

107.23 

L 

.588 

.554 

249 

.358 

100.42 

F 

.594 

.557 

250 

.360 

100.80 

S 

.185 

.646 

290 

.418 

117.05 

K 

2.0 

1.992 

0.696 

312 

0.450 

109.09 

D 

.958 

.684 

307 

.442 

107.23 

L 

.863 

.651 

292 

.420 

102.02 

F 

.846 

.645 

290 

.417 

101.12 

S 

2.186 

.763 

342 

.493 

119.71 

K 

3.0 

2.450 

0.855 

384 

0  .  553 

109.53 

D 

.398 

.837 

376 

.541 

107.23 

L 

.333 

.814 

365 

.526 

104.32 

F 

.285 

.797 

358 

.512 

102.18 

S 

.763 

.965 

433 

.623 

123.56 

K 

4.0 

2.833 

0.989 

444 

0.640 

109.72 

D 

.769 

.967 

434 

.625 

107.23 

L 

.737 

.956 

429 

.617 

105.98 

F 

.660 

.928 

417 

.600 

103.02 

S 

3.263 

1.139 

511 

.736 

126.36 

K 

5.0 

3.171 

1.107 

497 

0.716 

109.84 

D 

.096 

.081 

485 

.698 

107.23 

L 

.098 

.081 

486 

.699 

107.29 

F 

2.989 

.043 

468 

.674 

T03.54 

S 

3.712 

.296 

582 

.838 

128.59 

K 

6.0 

3.476 

1.214 

545 

0.784 

109.92 

D 

.391 

.184 

531 

.765 

107.23 

L 

.428 

.197 

537 

.773 

108.38 

F 

.288 

.148 

515 

.742 

103.97 

S 

4.125 

.440 

646 

.931 

130.43 

40 


8-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

c 

K 

7.0 

3.765 

1.314 

590 

0.849 

109.95 

D 

.663 

.279 

574 

.826 

107.23 

L 

.734 

.303 

585 

.842 

109.30 

F 

.561 

.243 

558 

.803 

104.24 

S 

4.509 

.574 

706 

1  .017 

132.00 

K 

8.0 

4.017 

1.402 

630 

0.907 

110.01 

D 

3.916 

.367 

614 

.884 

107.23 

L 

4.021 

.404 

630 

.907 

110.11 

F 

3.819 

.333 

598 

.862 

104.59 

S 

4.871 

.700 

763 

1  .099 

133.39 

K 

9.0 

4.263 

1.488 

668 

0.962 

110.05 

D 

.154 

.450 

651 

.937 

107.23 

L 

.292 

.498 

672 

.968 

110.82 

F 

.058 

.417 

636 

.916 

104.76 

S 

5.214 

.820 

817 

1.176 

134.62 

K 

10.0 

4.494 

1.569 

704 

1.014 

110.07 

D 

.378 

.528 

686 

0.988 

107.23 

L 

.551 

.585 

713 

1  .027 

111.46 

F 

.285 

.496 

671 

0.967 

104.95 

S 

5.542 

.935 

868 

1.250 

135.73 

K 

11.0 

4.714 

1.646 

739 

1.064 

110.10 

D 

.592 

.603 

719 

.036 

107.23 

L 

.798 

.675 

752 

.083 

112.05 

F 

.506 

.  573 

706 

.016 

105.22 

S 

5.856 

2.044 

917 

.321 

136.74 

K 

12.0 

4.923 

1.719 

772 

1.111 

110.12 

D 

.796 

.674 

751 

.082 

107.23 

L 

5.036 

.799 

808 

.163 

112.59 

F 

4.728 

.650 

741 

.067 

105.70 

S 

6.158 

2.149 

965 

.389 

137.67 

K 

13.0 

5.127 

1.790 

822 

1.184 

110.13 

D 

4.992 

.743 

782 

.126 

107.23 

L 

5.264 

.838 

825 

.188 

113.07 

F 

4.932 

.722 

773 

.113 

105.95 

S 

6.449 

2.251 

1010 

.455 

138.53 

K 

14.0 

5.321 

1.857 

833 

1  .228 

110.14 

D 

.180 

.808 

813 

.171 

107.23 

L 

.485 

.915 

860 

.238 

113.54 

F 

.132 

.791 

804 

.158 

106.23 

S 

6.732 

2.350 

1055 

.519 

139.34 

K 

15.0 

5  .  508 

1.923 

863 

1  .243 

110.15 

D 

.362 

.872 

840 

.210 

107.23 

L 

.699 

.989 

893 

.286 

113.98 

F 

.317 

.856 

833 

.199 

10.6.32 

S 

7.006 

2  .  445 

1098 

.581 

140.10 

8-INCH  PIPE 


41 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

TT     Ct 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
>  per  Sec. 

U  .    O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

16.0 

5.689 

1.986 

892 

1.284 

110.16 

D 

.538 

.933 

868 

.249 

107.23 

L 

.907 

2.062 

926 

.333 

114.38 

F 

.496 

1.918 

861 

.240 

106.42 

S 

7.272 

2.538 

1139 

.641 

140.80 

K 

17.0 

5  .  865 

2.047 

919 

1.323 

110.17 

D 

.709 

1.993 

894 

.288 

107.23 

L 

6.110 

2.133 

957 

.378 

114.77 

F 

5.675 

1.981 

889 

.280 

106.60 

S 

7.531 

2.629 

1180 

.699 

141.47 

K 

18.0 

6.035 

2.107 

945 

1.362 

110.17 

D 

5.874 

.050 

920 

.325 

107.23 

L 

6.306 

.201 

988 

.423 

115.13 

F 

5.850 

.042 

917 

.320 

106.79 

S 

7.763 

.710 

1216 

.751 

141.72 

K 

19.0 

6.201 

2.165 

972 

1.399 

110.19 

D 

.035 

.106 

945 

.362 

107.23 

L 

.499 

.268 

1018 

.466 

115.47 

F 

.021 

.102 

943 

.358 

106.98 

S 

8.031 

.803 

1258 

.812 

142.70 

K 

20.0 

6.363 

2.221 

997 

1.436 

110.19 

D 

.192 

.161 

970 

.397 

107.23 

L 

.686 

.334 

1048 

.508 

115.80 

F 

.188 

.160 

969 

.396 

107.17 

S 

8.273 

.888 

1296 

.866 

143.28 

K 

21.0 

6  .  520 

2.276 

1022 

1.471 

110.20 

D 

.345 

.215 

994 

.431 

107.23 

L 

.870 

.398 

1076 

.550 

116.11 

F 

.352 

.217 

995 

.433 

107.36 

S 

8.521 

.974 

1335 

.922 

144.01 

K 

22.0 

6.674 

2.330 

1046 

1  .  506 

110.20 

D 

.494 

.267 

1017 

.465 

107.23 

L 

7.049 

.461 

1104 

.590 

116.40 

F 

6  .  508 

.272 

1020 

.468 

107.46 

S 

8.741 

3.051 

1370 

.972 

144.34 

K 

23.0 

6.824 

2.382 

1069 

1.540 

110.21 

D 

.640 

.318 

1040 

.498 

107.23 

L 

7.225 

.522 

1132 

.630 

116.69 

F 

6.660 

.325 

1043 

.501 

107.56 

S 

8.969 

3.131 

1405 

2.023 

144.85 

K 

24.0 

6.971 

2.433 

1092 

1  .  573 

110.21 

D 

.783 

.368 

1062 

.530 

107.23 

L 

7.398 

.582 

1159 

.669 

116.96 

F 

6.809 

.377 

1067 

.536 

107.66 

S 

9.192 

3.209 

1440 

2.074 

145.33 

42 


8-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

.c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
BBF  24 
ours. 

K 

25.0 

7.115 

2.484 

1115 

1.605 

110.21 

D 

6.923 

.417 

1085 

.562 

107.23 

L 

7.568 

.642 

1186 

.707 

117.23 

F 

6.962 

.430 

1091 

.570 

107.84 

S 

9.412 

3.285 

1475 

2.123 

145.79 

K 

30.0 

7.795 

2.721 

1221 

1.759 

110.23 

D 

.583 

.647 

1188 

.711 

107.23 

L 

8.373 

.923 

1312 

.889 

118.40 

F 

7.676 

.679 

1203 

.732 

108.53 

S 

10.458 

3.651 

1638 

2.359 

147.88 

K 

40.0 

9.003 

3.143 

1411 

2.031 

110.25 

D 

8.756 

.057 

1372 

1.976 

107.23 

L 

9.823 

.429 

1539 

2.216 

120.30 

F 

8.929 

.117 

1399 

.014 

109.34 

S 

12.350 

4.311 

1935 

.786 

151  .24 

K 

50.0 

10.066 

3.514 

1577 

2.271 

110.26 

D 

9.790 

.471 

1534 

.209 

107.23 

L 

11.118 

.881 

1742 

.508 

121.78 

F 

10.057 

.511 

1576 

.269 

110.16 

S 

14.050 

4.904 

2201 

3.170 

153.90 

K 

60.0 

11.027 

3.849 

1728 

2.488 

110.27 

D 

10.724 

.744 

1680 

.414 

107.23 

L 

12.302 

4.294 

1927 

.774 

123.02 

F 

11  .058 

3.860 

1733 

.495 

110.58 

S 

15.611 

5.449 

2446 

3.522 

156.11 

K 

70.0 

11.912 

4.158 

1866 

2.687 

110.27 

D 

.584 

.044 

1815 

.613 

107.23 

L 

13.401 

.678 

2100 

3.023 

124.05 

F 

11.991 

.186 

1879 

2  .  705 

111.01 

K 

80.0 

12.736 

4.446 

1995 

2.873 

110.28 

D 

.383 

.323 

1940 

.794 

107.23 

L 

14.432 

5.038 

2261 

3.256 

124.97 

F 

12.855 

4.488 

2014 

2.900 

111.32 

K 

90.0 

13.508 

4.715 

2116 

3.048 

110.28 

D 

.134 

.585 

2058 

2.963 

107.23 

L 

15.406 

5.378 

2414 

3.476 

1  25  .  78 

F 

13.675 

4.774 

2143 

.085 

111.65 

K 

100.0 

14.239 

4.970 

2231 

3.212 

110.28 

D 

13.845 

.835 

2154 

.124 

107.23 

F 

14.443 

5.042 

2263 

.259 

111.86 

K 

150.0 

17.441 

6.088 

2739 

3.944 

110.30 

D 

16.957 

5.915 

2657 

.826 

107.23 

F 

17.741 

6.193 

2780 

4  .  003 

112.19 

10-INCH  PIPE 


43 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
Tiula. 

1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

c 

K 

0.10 

0.453 

0.247 

Ill 

0.160 

99.24 

D 

.495 

.270 

121 

.175 

108.45 

L 

.413 

.225 

101 

.145 

90.37 

F 

.449 

.245 

110 

.158 

98.42 

S 

.441 

.240 

108 

.155 

96.52 

K 

0.12 

0.508 

0.277 

124 

0.179 

101.51 

D 

.542 

.296 

133 

.191 

108.45 

L 

.457 

.249 

112 

.161 

91.28 

F 

.494 

.269 

120 

.174 

98.64 

S 

.489 

.267 

120 

.173 

97.90 

K 

0.15 

0.581 

0.317 

142 

0.205 

103.98 

D 

.606 

.331 

148 

.214 

108.45 

L 

.517 

.282 

127 

.182 

92.39 

F 

.553 

.301 

135 

.195 

98.78 

S 

.557 

.304 

136 

.196 

99.62 

K 

0.20 

0.689 

0.376 

169 

0.243 

106.72 

D 

.700 

.382 

171 

.247 

108.45 

L 

.606 

.331 

149 

.214 

93.88 

F 

.641 

.349 

157 

.226 

99.24 

S 

.658 

.359 

161 

.232 

101.89 

K 

0.30 

0.867 

0.473 

212 

0.306 

109.63 

D 

.857 

.468 

210 

.302 

108.45 

L 

.759 

.414 

186 

.268 

96.00 

F 

.786 

.429 

193 

.277 

99.41 

S 

.831 

.453 

203 

.293 

105.16 

K 

0.40 

1.015 

0.554 

249 

0.358 

111.22 

D 

0.990 

.540 

242 

.349 

108.45 

L 

.890 

.486 

218 

.314 

97.53 

F 

.913 

.497 

223 

.322 

99.94 

S 

.982 

.535 

240 

.346 

107.53 

K 

0.50 

1.145 

0.625 

280 

0.404 

112.22 

D 

.107 

.604 

271 

.390 

108.45 

L 

,008 

.550 

247 

.355 

98.73 

F 

.023 

.558 

251 

.361 

100.25 

8 

.117 

.609 

273 

.394 

109.44 

K 

0.60 

1.262 

0.688 

309 

0.445 

112.89 

D 

.212 

.661 

297 

.427 

108.45 

L 

.115 

.609 

273 

.393 

99.73 

F 

.125 

.788 

276 

.397 

100.64 

S 

.241 

.677 

304 

.437 

111.01 

K 

0.70 

1.369 

0.747 

335 

0.483 

113.39 

D 

.310 

.714 

321 

.462 

108.45 

L 

.214 

.663 

298 

.428 

100.57 

F 

.218 

.665 

298 

.429 

100.88 

S 

.357 

.740 

332 

.478 

112.34 

44 


10-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

1.469 

0.801 

360 

0.518 

113.77 

D 

.400 

.764 

343 

.494 

108.45 

L 

.308 

.714 

320 

.461 

101.32 

F 

.306 

.712 

319 

.461 

101.20 

S 

.465 

.799 

359 

.516 

113.52 

K 

0.90 

1.562 

0.852 

382 

0.551 

114.06 

D 

.485 

.810 

364 

.523 

108.45 

L 

.396 

.762 

341 

.492 

101.97 

F 

.389 

.758 

340 

.490 

101  .44 

S 

.569 

.856 

384 

.553 

114.57 

K 

1.0 

1  .  650 

0.900 

404 

0.581 

114.30 

D 

.565 

.854 

383 

.552 

108.45 

L 

.480 

.808 

363 

.522 

102.57 

F 

.466 

.800 

359 

.517 

101.58 

S 

.667 

.909 

408 

.588 

115.49 

K 

1.5 

2.033 

1.109 

498 

0.717 

115.02 

D 

1.935 

.046 

469 

.676 

108.45 

L 

.854 

.011 

454 

.654 

104.88 

F 

.809 

0.987 

443 

.638 

102.35 

S 

2.108 

1.150 

516 

.743 

119.23 

K 

2.0 

2  .  354 

1.284 

576 

0.830 

115.33 

D 

.214 

.207 

542 

.780 

108.45 

L 

.175 

.186 

533 

.767 

106.55 

F 

.105 

.148 

515 

.742 

103.11 

3 

.489 

.358 

609 

.877 

121.94 

K 

3.0 

2.894 

1.578 

708 

1  .020 

115.75 

D 

.711 

.479 

664 

0.956 

108.45 

L 

.724 

.486 

666 

.960 

108.96 

F 

.606 

.421 

638 

.919 

104.23 

S 

3  .  105 

.693 

760 

1.094 

124.19 

K 

4.0 

3.347 

1.825 

819 

1.180 

115.94 

D 

.130 

.707 

766 

.104 

108.45 

L 

.195 

.743 

782 

.126 

110.69 

F 

.029 

.652 

742 

.068 

104.95 

S 

.716 

2.027 

910 

.310 

128.72 

K 

5.0 

3.745 

2.043 

917 

1.320 

116.05 

D 

.500 

1.909 

857 

.234 

108.45 

L 

.616 

.973 

886 

.275 

112.06 

F 

.410 

.860 

835 

.202 

105.67 

S 

4.227 

2.305 

1035 

.490 

130.98 

K 

6.0 

4.106 

2.239 

1005 

1.451 

116.13 

D 

3.834 

.091 

939 

.351 

108.45 

L 

4.001 

.182 

980 

.411 

113.19 

F 

3  .  755 

.051 

919 

.324 

106.23 

S 

4.697 

.562 

1150 

.656 

132.85 

10-INCH   PIPE 


45 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 

per  Sec. 

.    b. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

4.438 

2.420 

1086 

1.564 

116.18 

D 

.141 

.259 

1014 

.460 

108.45 

L 

.359 

.377 

1067 

.537 

114.15 

F 

.063 

.216 

995 

.432 

106.42 

S 

5.134 

.800 

1257 

.810 

134.46 

K 

8.0 

4.744 

2.588 

1161 

1.672 

116.22 

D 

.427 

.415 

1084 

.561 

108.45 

L 

.694 

.560. 

1149 

.655 

115.00 

F 

.359 

.378 

1067 

.537 

106.79 

S 

5.567 

3.037 

1363 

.963 

136.38 

K 

9.0 

5.034 

2.745 

1232 

1.774 

116.26 

D 

4.696 

.561 

1150 

.655 

108.45 

L 

5.011 

.733 

1227 

.767 

115.74 

F 

4.632 

.526 

1134 

.633 

106.98 

S 

5.937 

3.238 

1453 

2.093 

137.12 

K 

10.0 

5.307 

2.894 

1299 

1.871 

116.28 

D 

4.950 

'  .700 

.     1212 

.745 

108.45 

L 

5.313 

.898 

1301 

.873 

116.42 

F 

4.896 

.670 

1199 

.726 

107.27 

S 

6.310 

3.442 

1545 

2.224 

138.26 

K 

11.0 

5.567 

3.036 

1363 

1.962 

116.30 

D 

.191 

2.831 

1271 

.830 

108.45 

L 

.602 

3  .  055 

1371 

.975 

117.03 

F 

.144 

2  .  805 

1259 

.813 

107.45 

S 

6.667 

-3.637 

1632 

2.350 

139.29 

K 

12.0 

5.815 

3.172 

1424 

2  .  050 

116.32 

D 

.422 

2.957 

1327 

1.911 

108.45 

L 

.878 

3.207 

1439 

2.072 

117.59 

F 

.387 

2.938 

1319 

1.900 

107.75 

S 

7.011 

3.824 

1716 

2.472 

140.23 

K 

13.0 

6.054 

3.309 

1482 

2.134 

116.33 

D 

5.643 

.078 

1382 

1.989 

108.45 

L 

6.146 

.352 

1505 

2.167 

118.11 

F 

5.617 

.064 

1375 

1.980 

107.94 

S 

7.343 

4  .  005 

1798 

2.589 

141.12 

K 

14.0 

6.283 

3.427 

1538 

2.215 

116.35 

D 

5  .  856 

.194 

1434 

.064 

108.45 

L 

6.404 

.493 

1568 

.258 

118.59 

F 

5  .  852 

.192 

1433 

.063 

108.24 

S 

7  .  665 

4.181 

1876 

.702 

141.93 

K 

15.0 

6  .  504 

3  .  550 

1592 

2  .  293 

116.36 

D 

.062 

.306 

1484 

.137 

108.45 

L 

.654 

.629 

1629 

.346 

119.04 

F 

.056 

.303 

1482 

.135 

108.34 

S 

7.976 

4.351 

1953 

.812 

142.70 

46 


10-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

16.0 

6.718 

3.664 

1645 

2.368 

116.37 

D 

.261 

.415 

1533 

.207 

108.45 

L 

.897 

.762 

1688 

.431 

119.46 

F 

.266 

.418 

1534 

.209 

108.53 

8 

8.280 

4.516 

2027 

.919 

143.42 

K 

17.0 

6.925 

3.777 

1695 

2.441 

116.38 

D 

.453 

.520 

1580 

.275 

108.45 

L 

7.133 

.890 

1746 

.514 

119.86 

F 

6.468 

.528 

1584 

.280 

108.70 

S 

8.575 

4.677 

2099 

3.023 

144.10 

K 

18.0 

7.126 

3.887 

1744 

2.512 

116.38 

D 

6.641 

.622 

1629 

.346 

108.45 

L 

7.363 

4.016 

1802 

.595 

120.24 

F 

6.664 

3.635 

1631 

.349 

108.84 

3 

8.863 

4.834 

2170 

3.124 

144.74 

K 

19.0 

7.322 

3.993 

1792 

2.581 

116.39 

D 

6.822 

.721 

1670 

.405 

108.45 

L 

7.587 

4.138 

1857 

.674 

120.60 

F 

6.853 

3.738 

1678 

.416 

108.93 

S 

9.144 

4.988 

2239 

3.224 

145.36 

K 

20.0 

7.512 

4.097 

1839 

8.648 

116.39 

D 

7.000 

3.818 

1714 

.467 

108.45 

L 

7.806 

4.257 

1911 

.752 

120.94 

F 

.044 

3.842 

1724 

.483 

109.14 

8 

9.420 

5.138 

2306 

3.321 

145.94 

K 

21.0 

7.698 

4.199 

1885 

2.714 

116.40 

D 

.173 

3.912 

1756 

.528 

108.45 

L 

8.020 

4.374 

1963 

.827 

121.26 

F 

7.225 

3.941 

1769 

.547 

109.24 

8 

9.689 

5.285 

2372 

3.416 

146.49 

K 

22.0 

7.880 

4.298 

1929 

2.778 

116.40 

D 

.341 

.004 

1797 

.588 

108.45 

L 

8.230 

.489 

2015 

.901 

121.27 

F 

7.409 

.041 

1814 

.612 

109.44 

8 

9.953 

5.429 

2437 

3.509 

147.03 

K 

23.0 

8.057 

4  .  395 

1972 

2.840 

116.40 

D 

7  .  506 

.094 

1838 

.646 

108.45 

L 

8.436 

.601 

2065 

.973 

121.87 

F 

7  .  589 

.139 

1858 

.675 

109.65 

8 

10.212 

5.570 

2500 

3.600 

147.54 

K 

24.0 

8.231 

4.489 

2015 

2.901 

116.41 

D 

7.668 

.182 

1877 

.703 

108.45 

L 

8.637 

.711 

2114 

3.045 

122.16 

F 

7.760 

.229 

1900 

2.735 

109.75 

S 

10.466 

5.709 

2562 

3.690 

148.03 

10-INCH  PIPE 


47 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

G  all  D  us 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

25.0 

8.401 

4.582 

2057 

2.961 

116.42 

D 

7.826 

.268 

1916 

.759 

108.45 

L 

8.835 

.819 

2163 

3.114 

122.43 

F 

7.935 

.328 

1942 

2.797 

109.96 

S 

10.716 

5.845 

2623 

3.778 

148.50 

K 

30.0 

9.204 

5.020 

2253 

3.244 

116.43 

D 

8.573 

4.676 

2099 

.022 

108.45 

L 

9.775 

5.332 

2393 

.446 

123.66 

F 

8.733 

4.763 

2138 

.079 

110.48 

8 

11.907 

6.495 

2915 

4.198 

150.63 

K 

40.0 

10.630 

5.798 

2602 

3.747 

116.45 

D 

9.899 

.399 

2423 

.490 

108.45 

L 

11.468 

6.255 

2807 

4  043 

125.64 

F 

10.201 

5.564 

2497 

3.596 

111.76 

S 

14.061 

7.669 

3442 

4.957 

154.05 

K 

50.0 

11.885 

6.482 

2910 

4.190 

116.46 

D 

11.068 

.036 

.     2709 

3.901 

108.45 

L 

12.980 

7.080 

3178 

4.576 

127.19 

F 

11.449 

6.245 

2803 

.036 

112.19 

S 

15.997 

8.725 

3916 

5.639 

156.76 

K 

60.0 

13.020 

7.101 

3187 

4.590 

116.47 

D 

12.124 

6.613 

2968 

.274 

108.45 

L 

14.362 

7.833 

3516 

5.063 

128.47 

K 

70.0 

14.064 

7.671 

3664 

4  .  958 

116.48 

D 

13.096 

.143 

3206 

.616 

108.45 

L 

15.645 

8.533 

3830 

5.515 

129.56 

K 

80.0 

15.036 

8.201 

3681 

5.300 

116.48 

D 

14.000 

7.636 

3427 

4.935 

108.45 

D 

90.0 

14.849 

8.099 

3635 

5.234 

108.45 

D 

100.0 

15.652 

8.537 

3832 

5.517 

108.45 

48 


12-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  See. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Miii. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

0.524 

0.411 

185 

0.266 

104.87 

D 

.546 

.429 

193 

.277 

109.28 

L 

.468 

.368 

165 

.238 

93.61 

F 

.499 

.392 

176 

.  254 

99.87 

8 

.486 

.382 

171 

.247 

97.27 

K 

0.12 

0.587 

0.461 

207 

0.298 

106.99 

D 

.599 

.470 

211 

.304 

109.28 

L 

.518 

.407 

183 

.263 

94.56 

F 

.548 

.431 

193 

.278 

100.09 

S 

.540 

.424 

190 

.274 

98.66 

K 

0.15 

0.670 

0.526 

236 

0.340 

109.42 

D 

.669 

.526 

236 

.340 

109.28 

L 

.587 

.461 

207 

.298 

95.73 

F 

.615 

.483 

216 

.312 

100.33 

S 

.615 

.483 

216 

.312 

100.39 

K 

0.20 

0.792 

0.624 

280 

0.403 

112.05 

D 

.773 

.607 

272 

.392 

109.28 

L 

.688 

.540 

242 

.349 

97  .  25 

F 

.712 

.559 

251 

.362 

100.70 

S 

.726 

.570 

256 

.369 

102.67 

K 

0.30 

0.998 

0.783 

352 

0  .  506 

115.19 

D 

.946 

.743 

334 

.480 

109.28 

L 

.861 

.677 

304 

.437 

99.45 

F 

.878 

.689 

310 

.446 

101    37 

S 

.918 

.721 

324 

.466 

105.97 

K 

0.40 

1  .165 

0.915 

410 

0.591 

116.47 

D 

.093 

.858 

385 

.555 

109.28 

L 

.010 

.794 

356 

.513 

101  .03 

F 

.019 

.800 

359 

.517 

101  .85 

S 

.084 

.851 

382 

.550 

108.38 

K 

0.50 

1.313 

1.031 

463 

0.666 

117.42 

D 

.222 

0.960 

431 

.620 

109.28 

L 

.144 

.898 

403 

.581 

102  .28 

F 

.142 

.897 

402 

.580 

102.10 

S 

.233 

.968 

435 

.626 

110.28 

K 

0.60 

1.446 

1.136 

510 

0.734 

118.08 

D 

.337 

.051 

472 

.679 

109.28 

L 

.266 

0.994 

446 

.642 

103.31 

F 

.255 

.985 

442 

.637 

102.43 

S 

.370 

1.076 

483 

.695 

111.86 

K 

0.70 

1  .  568 

1.232 

553 

0.796 

118.56 

D 

.446 

.136 

510 

.734 

109.28 

L 

.378 

.083 

486 

.700 

104.19 

F 

.360 

.068 

479 

.690 

102.77 

S 

.498 

.176 

528 

.760 

113.22 

12-INCH   PIPE 


49 


DlC^HARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Co.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 

gBF  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

1.682 

1.321 

593 

0.854 

118.92 

D 

.546 

.214 

545 

.785 

109.28 

L 

.484 

.166 

523 

.754 

104.96 

F 

.456 

.143 

513 

.739 

102.94 

S 

.618 

.271 

571 

.821 

114.40 

K 

0.90 

1.788 

1.404 

630 

0.908 

119.21 

D 

.639 

.287 

578 

.832 

109.28 

L 

.585 

.245     • 

559 

.806 

105.64 

F 

.549 

.217 

546 

.786 

103.28 

S 

,732 

.360 

610 

.879 

115.46 

K 

1.0 

1.888 

1.483 

666 

0.958 

119.44 

D 

.728 

.357 

609 

.878 

109.28 

L 

.680 

.320 

592 

.853 

106.25 

F 

.634 

.284 

576 

.830 

103.36 

S 

.841 

.446 

649 

.934 

116.41 

K 

1.5 

2.326 

1.827 

820 

1.180 

120.13 

D 

.116 

.662 

746 

.074 

109.28 

L 

.104 

.652 

'       742 

.068 

108.65 

F 

.017 

.584 

711 

.024 

104.15 

S 

.327 

.828 

820 

.181 

120.16 

K 

2.0 

2.694 

2.116 

950 

1.367 

120.48 

D 

.444 

1.919 

862 

.240 

109.28 

L 

.468 

.939 

870 

.253 

110.38 

F 

.339 

.837 

825 

.187 

104.59 

S 

.750 

2.160 

969 

.396 

122.97 

K 

3.0 

3.309 

2.599 

1167 

1.680 

120.84 

D 

2.993  . 

.351 

1055 

.519 

109.28 

L 

3.091 

.428 

1090 

.569 

112.95 

F 

2.907 

.283 

1025 

.475 

105.99 

S 

3.474 

.728 

1224 

.763 

126.83 

K 

4.0 

3.827 

3.006 

1349 

1.943 

121  .01 

D 

,456 

2.714 

1218 

.754 

109.28 

L 

.626 

.848 

1278 

.841 

114.67 

F 

.380 

.655 

1192 

.716 

106.89 

S 

4.102 

3.222 

1446 

2.082 

129.71 

K 

5.0 

4.283 

3.364 

1510 

2.174 

121  .13 

D 

3.864 

.035 

1362 

1.961 

109.28 

L 

4.104 

.224 

1447 

2.083 

116.09 

F 

3.806 

2.989 

1342 

1.932 

107.66 

S 

4.667 

3  .  665 

1645 

2.369 

131.99 

K 

6.0 

4.694 

3.687 

1655 

2.383 

121  .19 

D 

.213 

.309 

1485 

.139 

109.28 

L 

.541 

.567 

1600 

.305 

116.99 

F 

.184 

.287 

1475 

.124 

108.05 

S 

5.185 

4.073 

1828 

.632 

133.88 

50 


13-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQJ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

5.072 

3.984 

1790 

2.575 

121.25 

D 

4.572 

.591 

1612 

.320 

109.28 

L 

.947 

.885 

1744 

.511 

118.26 

F 

.536 

.563 

1599 

.303 

108.44 

S 

5.669 

4.452 

1998 

.878 

135.51 

K 

8.0 

5.424 

4.260 

1910 

2.754 

121  .29 

D 

4.887 

3.839 

1723 

.481 

109.28 

L 

5.328 

4.184 

1878 

.704 

119.13 

F 

4.863 

3.819 

1710 

.463 

108.74 

S 

6.124 

4.810 

2159 

3.109 

136.93 

K 

9.0 

5.755 

4.520 

2029 

2.921 

121.32 

D 

.184 

.071 

1827 

.631 

109.28 

L 

.687 

.467 

2005 

.887 

119.90 

F 

.172 

.062 

1823 

.625 

109.04 

8 

6.555 

5.148 

2311 

3.327 

138.19 

K 

10.0 

6.067 

4.765 

2139 

3.080 

121  .35 

D 

5.464 

.292 

1926 

2.774 

109.28 

L 

6.030 

.736 

2175 

3.061 

120.60 

F 

5.462 

.290 

1925 

2.773 

109.24 

S 

6.967 

5.472 

2456 

3.363 

139.33 

K 

11.0 

6.364 

4.999 

2244 

3.231 

121.36 

D 

5.731 

.501 

2020 

2.909 

109.28 

L 

6.357 

.993 

2241 

3.227 

121.23 

F 

5.745 

.512 

2025 

2.916 

109.55 

8 

7.361 

5.781 

2595 

3.737 

140.37 

K 

12.0 

6.648 

5  .  222 

2344 

3.375 

121.38 

D 

5.986 

4.701 

2110 

.038 

109.28 

L 

6.672 

5.240 

2352 

.387 

121.81 

F 

6.025 

4.732 

2124 

.058 

109.75 

S 

7.741 

6.080 

2729 

.929 

141.32 

K 

13.0 

6.921 

5.435 

2440 

3.513 

121.40 

D 

.930 

4.893 

2196 

.163 

109.28 

L 

.975 

5.478 

2459 

.541 

122.35 

F 

.255 

4.913 

2205 

.175 

109.85 

8 

8.107 

6.367 

2858 

4.115 

142.21 

K 

14.0 

7.182 

5.641 

2532 

3.646 

121.41 

D 

6.465 

.078 

2279 

.282 

109.28 

L 

7.268 

.710 

2562 

.689 

122.85 

F 

6.511 

.114      1       2295 

.305 

110.06 

8 

8.462 

6.646 

2983 

4.296 

143.04 

K 

15.0 

7.435 

5.840 

2621 

3.774 

121  .42 

D 

6.693 

6.256 

2359 

.397 

109.28 

L 

7.552 

.931 

2662 

.833 

123.32 

F 

6.752 

.303 

2380 

.428 

110.27 

S 

8.807 

6.917 

3104 

4.470 

143.81 

13-INCH  PIPE 


51 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UCJ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

16.0 

7.680 

6.032 

2707 

3.898 

121.43 

D 

6.911 

5.429 

2437 

.509 

109.28 

L 

7.827 

6.147 

2759 

.973 

123.75 

F 

6.987 

5.488 

2463 

.547 

110.48 

S 

9.141 

7.180 

3222 

4.640 

144.54 

K 

17.0 

7.916 

6.218 

2791 

4.018 

121.43 

D 

.125 

5.596 

2511 

3.616 

109.28 

L 

8.095 

6.358 

2854 

4.109 

124.17 

F 

7.209 

5.662 

2541 

3  .  659 

110.58 

S 

9.467 

7.436 

3337 

4.806 

145.22 

K 

18.0 

8.146 

6.398 

2872 

4.135 

121.44 

D 

7.331 

5.758 

2584 

3.721 

109.28 

L 

8.356 

6.563 

2946 

4.242 

124.56 

F 

7.432 

5.837 

2620 

3.773 

110.79 

S 

9.785 

7.685 

3449 

4.967 

145.87 

K 

19.0 

8.370 

6.574 

2951 

4.249 

121.45 

D 

7.532 

5.915 

2655 

3.823 

109.28 

L 

8.610 

6.763  " 

3035 

4.371 

124.93 

F 

7.643 

6.003 

2694 

3.880 

110.89 

S 

10.096 

7.929 

3559 

5.125 

146.49 

K 

20.0 

8.588 

6.745 

3027 

4.359 

121.45 

D 

7.728 

.069 

2724 

3.923 

109.28 

L 

8.859 

.958 

3123 

4.497 

125.28 

F 

7.849 

.165 

2767 

3.984 

111.01 

S 

10.400 

7.929 

3559 

5.125 

147.07 

K 

21.0 

8.800 

6.912 

3102 

4.467 

121.46 

D 

7.919 

.219 

2791 

.020 

109.28 

L 

9.102 

7.149 

3209 

.620 

125.62 

F 

8.058 

6.329 

2841 

.091 

111.22 

3 

10.697 

8.402 

3771 

5.430 

147.63 

K 

22.0 

9.009 

7.075 

3175 

4.572 

121.46 

D 

8.105 

6.365 

2857 

.114 

109.28 

L 

9.340 

7.336 

3292 

.741 

125.94 

F 

8.257 

6.484 

2910 

.191 

111.32 

S 

10.989 

8.631 

3874 

5.578 

148.17 

K 

23.0 

9.210 

7.234 

3247 

4.675 

121.46 

D 

8.287 

6.508 

2921 

.207 

109.28 

L 

9.574 

7.519 

3375 

.860 

126.25 

F 

8.458 

6.643 

2982 

.293 

111.54 

S 

11.275 

8.855 

3975 

5.723 

148.69 

K 

24.0 

9.409 

7.390 

3317 

4.776 

121.46 

D 

8.465 

6.648 

2984 

.297 

109.28 

L 

9.802 

7.699 

3455 

.942 

126.55 

F 

8.648 

6.792 

3049 

.390 

111  .65 

S 

11.555 

9.076 

4074 

5.866 

149.18 

52 


13-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.   o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

25.0 

9.604 

7.543 

3385 

4.897 

121.46 

D 

8.640 

6.786 

3046 

.386 

109.28 

L 

10.027 

7.875 

3535 

5.090 

126.83 

F 

8.844 

6.946 

3118 

4.489 

111  .86 

S 

11.831 

9.293 

4171 

6.006 

149.66 

K 

30.0 

10.521 

8.263 

3709 

5.341 

121.49 

D 

9.464 

7.432 

3336 

4.803 

109.28 

L 

11.094 

8.714 

3911 

5.632 

128.11 

F 

9.724 

7.637 

3428 

4.936 

112.28 

S 

13.147 

10.325 

4634 

6.673 

151.80 

K 

40.0 

12.151 

9  .  543 

4283 

6.168 

121.51 

D 

10.928 

8  .  583 

3852 

5  .  547 

109.28 

L 

13.015 

10.460 

4695 

6.761 

130.15 

F 

1  1  .  308 

8.881 

3986 

5.740 

113.08 

S 

15.525 

12.193 

5473 

7.880 

155.25 

K 

50.0 

13.586 

10.671 

4789 

6.818 

121  .52 

D 

12.218 

9.596 

4307 

.202 

109.28 

L 

14.731x 

1  1  .  570 

5193 

7.478 

131.76 

F 

12.707 

9.980 

4479 

6.450 

113.65 

K 

60.0 

14.883 

11  .689 

5247 

7.555 

121  .52 

D 

13.376 

10.512 

4718 

6.794 

109.28 

L 

16.300 

12.802 

5746 

8.274 

133.09 

F 

13.975 

10.976 

4926 

7.094 

114.11 

K 

70.0 

16.077 

12.624 

5667 

8.161 

121.53 

D 

14.457 

11.355 

5096 

7.339 

109.28 

F 

15.110 

.867 

5327 

.670 

114.22 

D 

80.0 

15.456 

12.139 

5448 

7.845 

109.28 

14-INCH   PIPE 


53 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

0.615 

0.657 

295 

0.425 

111.02 

D 

.594 

.635 

285 

.410 

109.89 

L 

.521 

.557 

250 

.360 

96.45 

F 

.548 

.586 

263 

.379 

101.45 

S 

.530 

.567 

255 

.366 

98.12 

K 

0.12 

0.661 

0.706 

317 

0.457 

111.68 

D 

.650 

.695 

312 

.449 

109.89 

L 

.576 

.616 

276 

.398 

97.43 

F 

.601 

.642 

289 

.415 

101.61 

S 

.589 

.629 

283 

.407 

99.52 

K 

0.15 

0.754 

0.806 

362 

0.521 

114.04 

D 

.727 

.777 

349 

.502 

109.89 

L 

.652 

.698 

313 

.451 

98.63 

F 

.674 

.721 

323 

.466 

101.86 

S 

.670 

.716 

322 

.463 

101.27 

K 

0.20 

0.891 

0.953 

428 

0.616 

116.66 

D 

.839 

.897 

403 

.580 

109.89 

L 

.765 

.818- 

367 

.529 

100.20 

F 

.781 

.835 

375 

.540 

102.25 

S 

.791 

.846 

380 

.547 

103.57 

K 

0.30 

1.117 

1.194 

536 

0.772 

119.40 

D 

.028 

.099 

494 

.710 

.  109.89 

L 

0.959 

.025 

460 

.662 

102.46 

F 

.961 

.028 

461 

.664 

102.77 

S 

1.000 

.069 

480 

.691 

106.90 

K 

0.40 

1.306 

1.396 

627 

0.902 

120.92 

D 

.187 

.269 

570 

.820 

109.89 

L 

.124 

.202 

539 

.777 

104.09 

F 

.118 

.195 

536 

.772 

103.45 

S 

.181 

.262 

567 

.816 

109.33 

K 

0.50 

1.471 

1.573 

706 

1.016 

121.81 

D 

.327 

.419 

637 

0.917 

109.89 

L 

.273 

.360 

610 

.879 

105.38 

F 

.255 

.341 

602 

.867 

103.88 

S 

.344 

.436 

645 

.928 

111.24 

K 

0.60 

1.620 

1.732 

111 

1.119 

122.45 

D 

.454 

.554 

698 

.005 

109.89 

L 

.408 

.506 

676 

0.973 

106.44 

F 

.379 

.474 

662 

.953 

104.24 

S 

.493 

.596 

717 

1.031 

112.84 

K 

0.70 

1.756 

1.878 

843 

1.213 

122.91 

D 

.570 

.679 

754 

.085 

109.89 

L 

.534 

.640 

736 

.060 

107.34 

F 

.495 

.598 

717 

.033 

104.59 

S 

.632 

.745 

783 

.128 

114.21 

54 


14-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

1.883 

2.013 

904 

1.301 

123.26 

D 

.679 

1.795 

806 

.160 

109.89 

L 

.652 

.766 

794 

.141 

108.14 

F 

.602 

.712 

769 

.107 

104.86 

S 

.763 

.885 

846 

.218 

115.40 

K 

0.90 

2.006 

2.140 

960 

1.383 

123.54 

D 

1.781 

1.903 

854 

.230 

109.89 

L 

.764 

.885 

846 

.218 

108.84 

F 

.700 

.818 

816 

.175 

104.95 

3 

.887 

2.017 

905 

.304 

116.47 

K 

1.0 

2.114 

2.260 

1014 

1.460 

123.75 

D 

1.877 

.006 

901 

.297 

109.89 

L 

.870 

1.999 

897 

.292 

109.47 

F 

.795 

.919 

862 

.241 

105.13 

S 

2.006 

2.144 

962 

.386 

117.43 

K 

1.5 

2.603 

2.782 

1248 

1.798 

124.42 

D 

.299 

.457 

1103 

.588 

109.89 

L 

.342 

.503 

1124 

.618 

111.94 

F 

.220 

.373 

1065 

.534 

106.13 

S 

.535 

.710 

1216 

.752 

121.21 

K 

2.0 

3.013 

3.222 

1446 

2.082 

124.76 

D 

2.654 

2.837 

1274 

1.834 

109.89 

L 

.747 

.936 

1318 

.898 

113.72 

F 

.582 

.760 

1239 

.784 

106.89 

S 

.994 

3.201 

1437 

2.069 

123.95 

K 

3.0 

3.701 

3.956 

1776 

2.563 

125.11 

D 

.251 

.475 

1560 

.246 

109.89 

L 

.440 

.677 

1651 

.377 

116.29 

F 

.200 

.421 

1535 

.211 

108.17 

S 

.785 

4.046 

1816 

.615 

127.94 

K 

4.0 

4.279 

4.575 

2053 

2.957 

125.28 

D 

3.754 

.013 

1801 

.594 

109.89 

L 

4.036 

.314 

1936 

.788 

118.14 

F 

3.711 

3.967 

1780 

.564 

108.64 

S 

4.469 

4.778 

2144 

3.088 

130.84 

K 

5.0 

4.788 

5.119 

2298 

3.308 

125.38 

D 

.197 

4.487 

2014 

2.900 

109.89 

L 

.568 

.883 

2192 

3.156 

119.61 

F 

.176 

.464 

2003 

2  .  885 

109.34 

S 

5.085 

5.436 

2440 

3.513 

133.14 

K 

6.0 

5.248 

5.611 

2518 

3.626 

125.45 

D 

4  .  597 

4.915 

2206 

.176 

109.89 

L 

5  .  054 

5.403 

2426 

.492 

120.82 

F 

4.591 

4.908 

2203 

.172 

109.75 

S 

5.650 

6.040 

2711 

.904 

135.05 

14-INCH  PIPE 


55 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    ft. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

5.660 

6.063 

2721 

3.918 

125.50 

D 

4.966 

6.308 

2383 

.431 

109.89 

L 

5.506 

.885 

2642 

.804 

121.56 

F 

4.978 

.321 

2388 

.439 

110.16 

8 

6.177 

6.603 

2964 

4.267 

136.69 

K 

8.0 

6.064 

6.483 

2910 

4.190 

125.54 

D 

5.309 

5.675 

2547 

3.668 

109.89 

L 

.929 

6.338 

2845 

4.097 

122.74 

F 

.342 

5.710 

2563 

3.691 

110.58 

S 

6.672 

7.133 

3201 

4.610 

138.12 

K 

9.0 

6.434 

6.878 

3087 

4.445 

125.57 

D 

5.631 

.019 

2702 

3.890 

109.89 

L 

6.330 

.766 

3037 

4.373 

123.54 

F 

5.682 

.074 

2720 

3.926 

110.90 

3 

7.142 

7.635 

3427 

4.935 

139.39 

K 

10.0 

6.783 

7.251 

3255 

4.687 

125.59 

D 

5.935 

6.345 

2848 

.101 

109.89 

L 

6.711 

7.174 

3220 

.637 

124  25 

F 

.007 

6.421 

2882 

.150 

111.22 

S 

7.591 

8.115 

3642 

5.245 

140.54 

K 

11.0 

7.115 

7.606 

3414 

4.916 

125.61 

D 

6.225 

6.654 

2987 

.301 

109.89 

L 

7.075 

7.564 

3395 

.888 

124.91 

F 

6.312 

6.747 

3029 

.361 

111.43 

3 

8.020 

8.573 

3848 

5.541 

141.58 

K 

12.0 

7.433 

7.946 

3566 

5.135 

125.63 

D 

6.502 

6.950 

3119 

4.492 

109.89 

L 

7.425 

7.938 

3563 

5.130 

125.22 

F 

6.612 

.068 

3172 

4.568 

111.76 

S 

8.434 

9.016 

4047 

5.827 

142.57 

K 

13.0 

7.755 

8.271 

3712 

5.346 

125.64 

D 

6.767 

7.234 

3247 

4.676 

109.89 

L 

7.763 

8.298 

3725 

5.363 

126.06 

F 

6.895 

7.371 

3308 

4.764 

111.97 

3 

8.834 

9.443 

4238 

6.103 

143.45 

K 

14.0 

8.029 

8.584 

3853 

5.548 

125.65 

D 

7.023 

7.507 

3369 

4.852 

109.89 

L 

8.089 

8.647 

3881 

5.588 

126.57 

F 

7.169 

7.664 

3440 

4.953 

112.19 

S 

9.220 

9.857 

4424 

6.370 

144.29 

K 

15.0 

8.312 

8.886 

3988 

5.743 

125.66 

D 

7.269 

7.771 

3488 

.022 

109.89 

L 

8.404 

8.984 

4032 

.807 

127.05 

F 

7.427 

7.940 

3564 

.131 

112.28 

S 

9.595 

10.257 

4604 

6.630 

145.06 

56 


14-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

16.0 

8.585 

9.178 

4119 

5.932 

125.67 

D 

7.507 

8.025 

3602 

.187 

109.89 

L 

8.711 

9.312 

4180 

6.018 

127.51 

F 

7.702 

8.234 

3696 

5.322 

112.75 

S 

9.960 

10.525 

4779 

6.882 

145.79 

K 

17.0 

8  .  850 

9.461 

4246 

6.115 

125.68 

D 

7.738 

8.272 

3713 

5.347 

109.89 

L 

9.009 

9.631 

4323 

6.224 

127.93 

F 

7.955 

8  .  504 

3817 

5.496 

112.97 

a 

10.315 

11.027 

4949 

7.127 

146.49 

K 

18.0 

9.107 

9.736 

4370 

6.293 

125.68 

D 

7.963 

8.512 

3821 

5.502 

109.89 

L 

9.299 

9.941 

4462 

6.425 

128.34 

F 

8.202 

8.768 

3935 

5  .  667 

113.19 

8 

10.662 

11.397 

5116 

7.366 

147.14 

K 

19.0 

9.357 

10.003 

4490 

6.465 

125.69 

D 

8.181 

8.744 

3925 

5  .  652 

109.89 

L 

9.583 

10.243 

4598 

6.621 

128.72 

F 

8.435 

9.017 

4047 

5.828 

113.31 

S 

11.000 

11.759 

5278 

7.600 

147.76 

K 

20.0 

9.601 

10.264 

4607 

6.633 

125.70 

D 

8.394 

8.973 

4018 

5-.  786 

109.89 

L 

9.859 

10.539 

4730 

6.812 

129.08 

F 

8.672 

9.270 

4161 

5.991 

113.53 

S 

11.331 

12.113 

5437 

7.829 

148.35 

K 

21.0 

9.838 

10.517 

4721 

6.797 

125.70 

D 

8.601 

9.194 

4127 

5  .  942 

109.89 

L 

10.130 

10.829 

4860 

6.999 

129.43 

F 

8.886 

9.499 

4263 

.139 

113.53 

S 

11.655 

12.460 

5592 

8.053 

148.92 

K 

22.0 

10.070 

10.765 

4832 

6.958 

125.71 

D 

8.803 

9.411 

4224 

.082 

109.89 

L 

10.395 

11.112 

4987 

7.182 

129.76 

F 

9.104 

9.732 

4368 

6.290 

113.65 

S 

11.973 

12.799 

5745 

8.272 

149.46 

K 

23.0 

10.297 

11.008 

4941 

7.114 

125.71 

D 

9.001 

9.622 

4319 

6.219 

109.89 

L 

10.654 

11.389 

5112 

7.361 

130.08 

F 

9.318 

9.961 

4471 

6.438 

113.76 

S 

12.285 

13.132 

5894 

8.488 

149.99 

K 

24.0 

10.519 

11.245 

5047 

7.268 

125.72 

D 

9.195 

9.829 

4412 

6.353 

109.89 

L 

10.909 

11.662 

5234 

7.537 

130.35 

F 

9.528 

10.185 

4571 

6.583 

113.88 

S 

12.591 

13.460 

6041 

8.699 

150.49 

14-INCH  PIPE 


57 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Cu.  Feet 

UQJ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 

Gallons 

per  Min. 

Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

25.0 

10.736 

11.477 

5151 

7.418 

125.72 

D 

9.384 

10.032 

4503 

6.484 

109.89 

L 

11  .159 

11.929 

5354 

7.710 

130.68 

F 

9.734 

10.406 

4671 

6.725 

113.99 

S 

12.891 

13.781    . 

6185 

8.907 

150.96 

K 

30.0 

11  .762 

12.573 

5646 

8.126 

125.73 

D 

10.280 

10.989 

4932 

7.103 

109.89 

L 

12.347 

13.199 

5924 

8.531 

131.99 

F 

10.557 

11.286 

5065 

7.294 

112.85 

S 

14.324 

15.312 

6873 

9.897 

153.13 

K 

40.0 

13.583 

14.520 

6517 

9.385 

125.75 

D 

11.870 

12.689 

5695 

8.201 

109.89 

L 

14.485 

15.484 

6950 

10.007 

134.10 

F 

12.263 

13.110 

5884 

8.473 

113.53 

S 

16.916 

18.083 

8116 

11.687 

156.60 

K 

50.0 

15.188 

16.236 

7287 

10.493 

125.76 

D 

13.271 

14.187 

6368 

9.169 

109.89 

L 

16.394 

17.526 

7866 

11.327 

135.75 

F 

13.766 

14.716 

6605 

9.511 

113.99 

D 

60.0 

14.538 

15.541 

6975 

10.045 

109.89 

F 

15.111 

16.154 

7250 

.440 

114.22 

D 

70.0 

15.703 

16.787 

7534 

10.849 

109.89 

58 


16-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
Bar  24 
ours. 

C 

K 

0.10 

0.656 

0.916 

411 

0.592 

113.63 

D 

.673 

.890 

399 

.575 

110.36 

L 

.572 

.797 

359 

.516 

98.99 

F 

.598 

.834 

374 

.539 

103.48 

S 

.572 

.798 

359 

.516 

99.04 

K 

0.12 

0.732 

1.022 

459 

0.660 

115.76 

D 

.698 

0.974 

437 

.630 

110.36 

L 

.632 

.883 

397 

.571 

99.98 

F 

.655 

.914 

411 

.591 

103.54 

S 

.635 

.887 

399 

.573 

100.46 

K 

0.15 

0.835 

1.166 

523 

0.753 

118.06 

D 

.780 

.090 

489 

.704 

110.36 

L 

.716 

0.999 

448 

.646 

101.22 

F 

.734 

1.025 

460 

.662 

103.80 

8 

.723 

.009 

453 

.652 

102.22 

K 

0.20 

0.984 

1.374 

617 

0.888 

120.55 

D 

.901 

.258 

565 

.813 

110.36 

L 

.840 

.174 

527 

.758 

102.83 

F 

.850 

.187 

533 

.767 

104.15 

S 

.854 

.192 

535 

.770 

104.54 

K 

0.30 

1.233 

1.721 

772 

1.112 

123.26 

D 

.104 

.541 

691 

0.996 

110.36 

L 

.052 

.468 

659 

.949 

105.15 

F 

.050 

.465 

658 

.947 

104.95 

S 

.079 

.507 

677 

.974 

107.90 

K 

0.40 

1.440 

2.011 

902 

1.299 

124.70 

D 

.274 

1.779 

798 

.150 

110.36 

L 

.233 

.722 

773 

.113 

106.83 

F 

.218 

.701 

763 

.099 

105.49 

S 

.274 

.779 

799 

.150 

110.35 

K 

0.50 

1.596 

2.264 

1016 

1.463 

125.61 

D 

.425 

1.989 

893 

.316 

110.36 

L 

.396 

.949 

874 

.260 

108.15 

F 

.368 

.910 

857 

.234 

105.95 

8 

.450 

2.024 

909 

.308 

112.29 

K 

0.60 

1.785 

2.492 

1119 

1.611 

126.21 

D 

.561 

.179 

978 

.408 

110.36 

L 

.545 

.158 

969 

.394 

109.24 

F 

.502 

.098 

941 

.356 

106.23 

8 

.611 

.249 

1010 

.454 

113.90 

K 

0.70 

1.935 

2.701 

1212 

1.746 

126.65 

D 

.686 

.354 

1056 

.521 

110.36 

L 

.683 

.350 

1055 

.519 

110.27 

F 

.628 

.274 

1021 

.470 

106.60 

S 

.761 

.459 

1104 

.589 

115.28 

16-INCH  PIPE 


59 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UG 

Million 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

2.074 

2.895 

1300 

1.871 

126.99 

D 

1.802 

.516 

1129 

.626 

110.36 

L 

.812 

.531 

1136 

.635 

110.98 

F 

.745 

.437 

1094 

.575 

106.89 

S 

.902 

.656 

1-192 

.717 

116.49 

K 

0.90 

2.204 

3.078 

1381 

1.989 

127.26 

D 

1.911 

2.669 

1198 

.725 

110.36 

L 

.935 

.701 

1212 

.746 

111.70 

F 

.853 

.587 

1161 

.672 

106.95 

S 

2.036 

.843 

1276 

.838 

117.56 

K 

1.0 

2.327 

3.249 

1458 

2.100 

127.47 

D 

.015 

2.813 

1263 

1.818 

110.36 

L 

.051 

.864 

1286 

.851 

112.35 

F 

.957 

.732 

1226 

.766 

107.17 

S 

.164 

3.021 

1356 

.953 

118.53 

K 

1.5 

2.865 

4.000 

1795 

2.585 

128.11 

D 

.468 

3.446 

1547 

.227 

110.36 

L 

.569 

.587 

1609 

.318 

114.88 

F 

.407 

.361 

1509 

.172 

107.66 

S 

.736 

.820 

1714 

.469 

122.34 

K 

2.0 

3.316 

4.630 

2078 

2.993 

128.44 

D 

2.849 

3.978 

1786 

.571 

110.36 

L 

3.014 

4.208 

1889 

.720 

116.71 

F 

2.813 

3.9X8 

1759 

.532 

108.94 

S 

3.231 

4.511 

2025 

.915 

125.12 

K 

3.0 

4.072 

5.685 

2552 

3.675 

128.76 

D 

3.490 

4.873 

2187 

.085 

110.36 

L 

.774 

5.270 

2365 

.406 

119.34 

F 

.487 

4.868 

2185 

.146 

110.26 

S 

4.084 

5.702 

2559 

.685 

129.14 

K 

4.0 

4.708 

6.574 

2950 

4.249 

128.94 

D 

.030 

5.627 

2525 

3.637 

110.36 

L 

.427 

6.182 

2775 

.995 

121.25 

F 

.046 

5.649 

2535 

.651 

110.79 

S 

.823 

6.734 

3022 

4.352 

132.07 

K 

5.0 

5.269 

7.355 

3301 

4.754 

129.03 

D 

4.505 

6.291 

2  £23 

.066 

110.36 

L 

5.011 

.997 

3141 

.522 

122.75 

F 

4.545 

.346 

2848 

.101 

111.32 

S 

5.487 

7.661 

3438 

4.951 

134.40 

K 

6.0 

5.774 

8.062 

3619 

5.211 

129.11 

D 

4.935 

6.891 

3093 

4.454 

110.36 

L 

5.546 

7.742 

3475 

5.004 

124.85 

F 

4.998 

6.978 

3132 

4.510 

111.76 

S 

6.097 

8.510 

3820 

5.500 

136.32 

60 


16-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uc 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    J5. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
eer  24 
ours. 

K 

7.0 

6.238 

8.711 

3910 

5.630 

129.15 

D 

5.331 

7.443 

3341 

4.811 

110.36 

L 

6.040 

8.434 

3785 

5.451 

125.04 

F 

5.419 

7.567 

3396 

4.891 

112.19 

8 

6.665 

9.306 

4177 

6.014 

137.97 

K 

8.0 

6.671 

9.315 

4181 

6.020 

129.19 

D 

5.699 

7  .  957 

3571 

5.143 

110.36 

L 

6.505 

9.082 

4076 

.870 

125.96 

F 

5.805 

8.105 

3638 

.239 

112.41 

S 

7.200 

10.052 

4512 

6.497 

139.42 

K 

9.0 

7.077 

9.882 

4435 

6.387 

129.21 

D 

6.045 

8.440 

3788 

5.455 

110.36 

L 

.944 

9.696 

4352 

6.267 

126.78 

F 

.175 

8.622 

3870 

5  .  573 

112.75 

S 

7.707 

10.760 

4830 

6.955 

140.70 

K 

10.0 

7.461 

10.418 

4676 

6.733 

129.24 

D 

6.371 

8.896 

3993 

5  .  750 

110.36 

L 

7.362 

10.280 

4656 

6.644 

127.52 

F 

6.515 

9.096 

4083 

5.879 

112.84 

S 

8.191 

11.436 

5133 

7.391 

141.86 

K 

11.0 

7.826 

10.928 

4905 

7.063 

129.25 

D 

6.682 

9.330 

4188 

6.030 

110.36 

L 

7.762 

10.838 

4865 

7.005 

128.19 

F 

6.854 

9.570 

4295 

6.185 

113.19 

3 

8.655 

12.084 

5424 

7.810 

142.92 

K 

12.0 

8.176 

11.416 

5124 

7.378 

129.27 

D 

6.980 

9.745 

4374 

6.299 

110.36 

L 

8.146 

11.374 

5105 

7.351 

128.81 

F 

7.180 

10.026 

4500 

6.480 

113.53 

S 

9.101 

12.707 

5703 

8.213 

143.90 

K 

13.0 

8.510 

11.883 

5333 

7.680 

129.28 

D 

7.265 

10.143 

4553 

6.556 

110.36 

L 

8.516 

11.891 

5337 

7.685 

129.37 

F 

7.495 

10.464 

4697 

6.763 

113.85 

S 

9.532 

13.309 

5974 

8.602 

144.80 

K 

14.0 

8.832 

12.332 

5535 

7.970 

129.29 

D 

7.539 

10.526 

4724 

6.803 

110.36 

L 

8.874 

12.390 

5561 

8.008 

129.90 

F 

7.811 

10.906 

4895 

7.049 

114.34 

S 

9.949 

13.891 

6235 

8.978 

145.63 

K 

15.0 

9.143 

12.766 

5730 

8.251 

129.30 

D 

7.804 

10.921 

4890 

7.044 

110.36 

L 

9.220 

12.874 

5778 

8.321 

130.39 

F 

8.085 

11.289 

5067 

7.296 

114.34 

S 

10.354 

14.457 

6489 

9.344 

146.42 

16-INCH  PIPE 


61 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     .     . 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

16.0 

9.443 

13.186 

5918 

8.522 

129.31 

D 

8.059 

11.253 

5051 

7.273 

110.36 

L 

9.557 

13.343 

5989 

8.624 

130.86 

F 

8.359 

11.671 

5238 

7.543 

114.46 

S 

10.747 

15.006 

6735 

9.699 

147.17 

K 

17.0 

9.734 

13.591 

6100 

8.784 

129.31 

D 

8.307 

11.599 

5206 

7.497 

110.36 

L 

9.884 

13.800 

6194 

8.919 

131.29 

F 

8.624 

12.042 

5405 

7.783 

114.57 

S 

11.130 

15.541 

6975 

10.044 

147.86 

K 

18.0 

10.018 

13.987 

6278 

9.040 

129.32 

D 

8.548 

11.935 

5357 

7.714 

110.36 

L 

10.202 

14.245 

6394 

9.207 

131.71 

F 

8.892 

12.415 

5572 

8.024 

114.69 

S 

11.504 

16.063 

7210 

10.382 

148.52 

K 

19.0 

10.293 

14.371 

6450 

9.288 

129.33 

D 

8.783 

12.263 

5504 

7.926 

110.36 

L 

10.513 

14.679 

6588 

9.487 

132.10 

F 

9.137 

12.757 

5726 

8.245 

114.81 

S 

11.869 

16.573 

7439 

10.711 

149.15 

K 

20.0 

10.560 

14.745 

6618 

9  .  530 

129.34 

D 

9.011 

12.581 

5647 

8.131 

110.36 

L 

10.816 

15.103 

6778 

9.761 

132.47 

F 

9.383 

13.102 

5880 

8.468 

114.93 

S 

12.227 

17.072 

7663 

11.034 

149.75 

K 

21.0 

10.821 

15.109 

6781 

9.765 

129.34 

D 

9.233 

12.892 

5786 

8.332 

110.36 

L 

11.113 

15.517 

6965 

10.026 

132.83 

F 

9.625 

13.439 

6032 

8.686 

115.04 

S 

12.582 

17.567 

7885 

11.354 

150.38 

K 

22.0 

11.077 

15.466 

6941 

9.995 

129.34 

D 

9.450 

13.195 

5923 

8.528 

110.36   " 

L 

11.404 

15.923 

7147 

10.291 

133.17 

F 

9.862 

13.769 

6180 

8.899 

115.16 

S 

12.920 

18.039 

8097 

11.659 

150.87 

K 

23.0 

11.325 

15.814 

7098 

10.220 

129.35 

D 

9.663 

13.492 

6056 

8.720 

110.36 

L 

11  .689 

16.321 

7325 

10.548 

133.49 

F 

10.094 

14.094 

6326 

9.109 

115.28 

S 

13.256 

18.509 

8307 

11.964 

151.39 

K 

24.0 

11  .570 

16.154 

7250 

10.441 

129.35 

D 

9.871 

13.782 

6186 

8.907 

110.36 

L 

11  .968 

16.711 

7500 

10.800 

133.81 

F 

10.321 

14.412 

6468 

9.314 

115.40 

S 

13.586 

18.970 

8514 

12.260 

151.90 

62 


16-INCH  PIPE 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
6er  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

25.0 

11.808 
10.074 
12.242 
10.546 
13.910 

16.488 
14.066 
17.094 
14.724 
19.423 

7400 
6313 
7672 
6609 

8718 

10.656 
9.091 
11.048 
9.516 
12.553 

129.35 
110.36 
134.11 
115.52 
152.38 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

30.0 

12.937 
11.036 
13.546 
11.612 
15.456 

18.063 
15.409 
18.914 
16.213 
21.581 

8107 
6916 
8489 

7277 
9686 

11.674 
9.959 
12.224 
10.479 
13.948 

129.37 
110.36 
135.46 
116.12 
154.56 

K 
D 
L 

F 

40.0 

14.940 
12.743 
15.891 
13.451 

20.861 
17.793 

22.188 
18.762 

9363 
7986 
9959 
8430 

13.482 
1  1  .  500 
14.340 
12.139 

129.39 
110.36 
137.62 
116.49 

K 
D 
F 

50.0 

16.705 
14.247 
15.070 

23.325 
19.893 
21.043 

10469 
8929 
9445 

15.075 
12.857 
13.600 

129.40 
110.36 
116.73 

D 

60.0 

15.607 

21.296 

9781 

14.084 

110.36 

18-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Ua 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

0.720 

1.272 

571 

0.822 

117.53 

D 

.678 

.198 

538 

.774 

110.72 

L 

.620 

.096 

492 

.708 

101.27 

F 

.645 

.139 

511 

.736 

105.21 

S 

.609 

.076 

483 

.693 

99.41 

K 

0.12 

0.802 

1.417 

636 

0.915 

110.52 

D 

.743 

.313 

589 

.848 

110.72 

L 

.687 

.213 

544 

.784 

102.29 

F 

.707 

.249 

561 

.808 

105.40 

S 

.676 

.194 

536 

.773 

100.83 

K 

0.15 

0.912 

1.612 

723 

1.042 

121.62 

D 

.831 

.467 

659 

0.949 

110.72 

L 

.777 

.373 

616 

.887 

103.56 

F 

.793 

.401 

629 

.905 

105.67 

S 

.770 

.360 

610 

.879 

102.60 

K 

0.20 

1.074 

1.898 

852 

1.227 

124.03 

D 

0.959 

.695 

759 

.095 

110.72 

L 

.911 

.610 

722 

.041 

105.21 

F 

.919 

.623 

728 

.049 

106.04 

S 

.909 

.606 

721 

.038 

104.93 

K 

0.30 

1.346 

2.374 

1065 

1.534 

126.66 

D 

.174 

.075 

931 

.341 

110.72 

L 

.141 

.017 

905 

.303 

107.58 

F 

.132 

.000 

898 

.293 

106.70 

S 

.149 

.030 

911 

.312 

108.31 

K 

0.40 

1.568 

2.772 

1244 

1.791 

128.07 

D 

.356 

.396 

1076 

.549 

110.72 

L 

.339 

.366 

1062 

.529 

109.30 

F 

.313 

.320 

1041 

.499 

107.17 

S 

.357 

.398 

1076 

.549 

110.76 

K 

0.50 

1.765 

3.120 

1400 

2.016 

128.92 

D 

.516 

2.679 

1203 

1.732 

110  72 

L 

.515 

.678 

1202 

.730 

110  65 

F 

.474 

.605 

1169 

.684 

107.66 

S 

.543 

.727 

1224 

.763 

112.71 

K 

0.60 

1.943 

3.433 

1541 

2.219 

129.52 

D 

.661 

2.935 

1317 

1.897 

110.72 

L 

.673 

.963 

1330 

.915 

111.76 

F 

.619 

.861 

1284 

.849 

107.95 

S 

.715 

3.031 

1360 

.959 

114.32 

K 

0.70 

2.105 

3.720 

1670 

2.404 

129.94 

D 

1.794 

.170 

1423 

.049 

110.72 

L 

.826 

.227 

1448 

.086 

112.71 

F 

.754 

.099 

1391 

.003 

108.24 

S 

.875 

.313 

1487 

.141 

115.71 

64 


18-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

2.256 

3.987 

1790 

2.577 

130.26 

D 

1.918 

.389 

1521 

.190 

110.72 

L 

.967 

.476 

1560 

.246 

113.55 

F 

.882 

.325 

1492 

.149 

108.64 

S 

2.025 

.579 

1606 

.313 

116.92 

K 

0.90 

2.398 

4.237 

1902 

2.738 

130.51 

D 

.034 

3.594 

1613 

.323 

110.72 

L 

.100 

.710 

1665 

.398 

114.28 

F 

1.998 

.530 

1584 

.282 

108.74 

S 

2.168 

.831 

1719 

.476 

118.00 

K 

1.0 

2.531 

4.473 

2008 

2.891 

130.72 

D 

.144 

3.789 

1701 

.449 

110.72 

L 

.226 

.934 

1766 

.542 

114.95 

F 

.108 

.724 

1672 

.407 

108.84 

S 

.304 

4.072 

1827 

.631 

118.97 

K 

1.5 

3.115 

5.505" 

2471 

3.558 

131.35 

D 

2.626 

4.641 

2083 

2.999 

110.72 

L 

.788 

.926 

2211 

3.184 

117.54 

F 

.605 

.604 

2067 

2.976 

109.86 

S 

.913 

5.147 

2310 

3.326 

122.80 

K 

2.0 

3.614 

6.386 

2866 

4.127 

131.96 

D 

.032 

5.358 

2405 

3.463 

110.72 

L 

.270 

.779 

2594 

.735 

119.42 

F 

.037 

.367 

2409 

.469 

110.90 

S 

.439 

6.078 

2728 

.928 

125.59 

K 

3.0 

4.426 

7.822 

3511 

5.055 

131.97 

D 

3.714 

6.563 

2945 

4.241 

110.72 

L 

4.096 

7.238 

3248 

.678 

122.11 

F 

3  .  752 

6.630 

2976 

.285 

111.86 

S 

4.348 

7.683 

3448 

.967 

129.63 

K 

4.0 

5.118 

9.064 

4068 

5.858 

132.13 

D 

4.288 

7  .  578 

3401 

4.898 

110.72 

L 

.805 

8.490 

3811 

5.487 

124.05 

F 

.358 

7.701 

3457 

4.977 

112.53 

S 

5.134 

9.073 

4072 

5.864 

132.57 

K 

5.0 

5.726 

10.118 

4541 

6.539 

132.23 

D 

4.794 

8.472 

3803 

5.476 

110.72 

L 

5.438 

9.610 

4313 

6.211 

125.58 

F 

4.902 

8.662 

3888 

5.598 

113.19 

S 

5.841 

10.322 

4633 

6.671 

134.90 

K 

6.0 

6.275 

11.089 

4977 

7.167 

132.29 

D 

5.252 

9.281 

4166 

5.985 

110.72 

L 

6.017 

10.633 

4773 

6.872 

126.85 

F 

5.391 

9.526 

4276 

.157 

113.65 

S 

6.491 

11.469 

5148 

7.413 

136.83 

18-INCH   PIPE 


65 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

7.0 

6.780 

11.982 

5377 

7.742 

132.34 

D 

5.673 

10.024 

4499 

6.479 

110.72 

L 

6.555 

11.583 

5199 

7.486 

127.93 

F 

5.833 

10.308 

4627 

6.662 

113.85 

S 

7.039 

12.439- 

5583 

8.039 

137.38 

K 

8.0 

7.251 

12.813 

5751 

8.281 

132.37 

D 

6.064 

10.717 

4810 

6.926 

110.72 

L 

7.059 

12.303 

5599 

8.062 

128.87 

F 

6.256 

11.056 

4962 

7.146 

114.22 

S 

7.665 

13.544 

6079 

8.754 

139.93 

K 

9.0 

7.692 

13.592 

6101 

8.785 

132.40 

D 

6.432 

11.367 

5102 

7.346 

110.72 

L 

7.536 

13.316 

5977 

8.607 

129.71 

F 

6.649 

11.750 

5274 

7.594 

114.45 

S 

8.205 

14.499 

6507 

9.371 

141.23 

K 

10.0 

8.109 

14.330 

6432 

9.262 

132.42 

D 

6.780 

11.981 

5378 

7.744 

110.72 

L 

7.990 

14.118 

6337 

9.124 

130.46 

F 

.023 

12.411 

5570 

8.021 

114.69 

S 

8.720 

15.409 

6916 

9.959 

142.39 

K 

11.0 

8.506 

15.031 

6746 

9.715 

132.44 

D 

7.111 

12.566 

5640 

8.122 

110.72 

L 

8.423 

14.885 

6682 

9.621 

131.15 

F 

7.381 

13.043 

5854 

8.430 

114.93 

S 

9.214 

16.282 

7309 

10.523 

143.46 

K 

12.0 

8.885 

15.702 

7047 

10.148 

132.46 

D 

7.427 

13.125 

5891 

8.483 

110.72 

L 

8.840 

15.622 

7012 

10.096 

131.78 

F 

7  .  725 

13.651 

6127 

8.823 

115.16 

S 

9.689 

17.122 

7685 

11.066 

144.43 

K 

13.0 

9.249 

16.344 

7336 

10.564 

132.47 

D 

7.731 

13.661 

6131 

8.829 

110.72 

L 

9.242 

16.332 

7330 

10.555 

132.36 

F 

8  .  057 

14.238 

6391 

9.202 

115.40 

S 

10.147 

17.932 

8049 

11.590 

145.34 

K 

14.0 

9  .  599 

16.962 

7613 

10.963 

132.47 

D 

8.022 

14.176 

6363 

9.163 

110.72 

L 

9  .  630 

17.017 

7638 

10.998 

132.90 

F 

8.388 

14.822 

6652 

9.580 

115.76 

S 

10.592 

18.718 

8401 

12.097 

146.18 

K 

15.0 

9.936 

17.559 

7881 

11.349 

132.48 

D 

8.304 

14.674 

6586 

9.484 

110.72 

L 

10.006 

17.681 

7936 

11.428 

133.41 

F 

8.651 

15.358 

6893 

9.926 

115.88 

S 

11.025 

19.483 

8744 

12.592 

147.00 

66 


18-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    C5. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hoursr 

K 

16.0 

10.263 

18.135 

8,140 

11.721 

132.49 

D 

8.596 

15.190 

6,818 

9.818 

110.72 

L 

10.371 

18.326 

8,225 

1  1  .  844 

133.89 

F 

8.985 

15.878 

7,127 

10.262 

116.00 

S 

11.442 

20.219 

9,073 

13.065 

147.71 

K 

17.0 

10.579 

18.695 

8,391 

12.083 

132.50 

D 

8.840 

15.622 

7,011 

10.096 

110.72 

L 

10.725 

18.953 

8,507 

12.250 

134.33 

F 

9.272 

16.384 

7,354 

10.590 

116.12 

S 

11.850 

20.941 

9,399 

13.534 

148.41 

K 

18.0 

10.887 

19.238 

8,634 

12.434 

132.50 

D 

9.096 

16.074 

7,215 

10.389 

110.72 

L 

11.071 

19.564 

8,781 

12.645 

134.76 

F 

9.561 

16.895 

7,583 

10.919 

116.37 

S 

12.248 

21.644 

9,715 

13.989 

149.08 

K 

19.0 

11.185 

19.766 

8,872 

12.775 

132.51 

D 

9.346 

16.515 

7,413 

10.674 

110.72 

L 

11.408 

20.161 

9,049 

13.030 

135.15 

F 

9.833 

17.376 

7,799 

11.230 

116.49 

S 

12.637 

22.331 

10,023 

14.433 

149.70 

K 

20.0 

11.476 

20.280 

9,102 

13.107 

132.52 

D 

9  .  588 

16.944 

7,605 

10.951 

110.72 

L 

11.738 

20.742 

9,310 

13.406 

135.54 

F 

10.099 

17.846 

8,010 

1  1  .  534 

116.61 

S 

13.017 

23.003 

10,324 

14.867 

150.31 

K 

21.0 

11.760 

20.782 

9,327 

13.431 

132.52 

D 

9.825 

17.362 

7,793 

11  .222 

110.72 

L 

12.060 

21.312 

9,565 

13.774 

135.90 

F 

10.359 

18.302 

8,215 

11.829 

116.74 

S 

13.389 

23.661 

10,619 

15.292 

150.88 

K 

22.0 

12.037 

21.272 

9,547 

13.748 

132.53 

D 

10.046 

17.771 

7,976 

11.486 

110.72 

L 

12.375 

21.869 

9,815 

14.134 

136.25 

F 

10.603 

18.733 

8,408 

12.107 

116.74 

S 

13.754 

24.306 

10,909 

15.709 

151.43 

K 

23.0 

12.308 

21.750 

9,762 

14.057 

132.53 

D 

10.283 

18.171 

8,156 

11.744 

110.72 

L 

12.684 

22.416 

10,061 

14.487 

136.59 

F 

10.853 

19.178 

8,608 

12.395 

116.86 

S 

14.115 

24.944 

11,195 

16.121 

151.99 

K 

24.0 

12.573 

22.218 

9,972 

14.360 

132.33 

D 

10.504 

18.562 

8,331 

11.997 

110.72 

L 

12.988 

22.951 

10,301 

14.834 

136.91 

F 

11.086 

19.591 

8,793 

12.661 

116.86 

S 

14.464 

25.560 

11,472 

16.520 

152.46 

18-INCH  PIPE 


67 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Ua 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

25.0 

12.833 

22.677 

10,178 

14.657 

132.54 

D 

10.720 

18.944 

8,503 

12.244 

110.72 

L 

13.285 

23.478 

10,538 

15.173 

137.21 

F 

11.327 

20.016 

8,984 

12.937 

116.98 

S 

14.809 

26.170 

11,746 

16.914 

152.95 

K 

30.0 

14.059 

24  .  844 

11,151 

16.057 

132.55 

D 

11.744 

20.752 

9,314 

13.412 

110.72 

L 

14.700 

25.977 

11,659 

16.789 

138.59 

F 

12.448 

21.997 

9,873 

14.217 

117.35 

S 

16.455 

29.079 

13,052 

18.794 

155.14 

K 

40.0 

16.236 

28.691 

12,877 

18.543 

132.57 

D 

13.560 

23.963 

10,755 

15.487 

110.72 

L 

17.245 

30.474 

13,678 

19.696 

140.80 

F 

14.435 

25.509 

11,449 

16.487 

117.86 

D 

50.0 

15.161 

26.792 

12,025 

17.316 

110.72 

F 

16.174 

28.583 

12,829 

18.473 

118.12 

68 


30-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    h. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

0.778 

1.698 

762 

1.098 

120.59 

D 

.717 

.563 

702 

.010 

111.01 

L 

.668 

.456 

653 

0.941 

103.36 

F 

.690 

.505 

675 

.973 

106.89 

S 

.648 

.413 

634 

.913 

100.34 

K 

0.12 

0.867 

1.892 

849 

1.223 

122.62 

D 

.785 

.713 

769 

'     .107 

111.01 

L 

.739 

.611 

723 

.041 

104.41 

F 

.757 

.652 

741 

.068 

107.08 

S 

.720 

.570 

705 

.015 

101.77 

K 

0.15 

0.987 

2.153 

966 

1.391 

124.80 

D 

.878 

1.915 

860 

.238 

111.01 

L 

.836 

.823 

818 

.178 

105.69 

F 

.849 

.852 

831 

.197 

107.36 

S 

.819 

.786 

802 

.154 

103.56 

K 

0.20 

1.177 

2.567 

1152 

1.659 

127.14 

D 

.013 

.211 

992 

.429 

111.01 

L 

.980 

.139 

960 

.382 

107.38 

F 

.983 

.144 

963 

.386 

107.66 

S 

.967 

.109 

947 

.363 

105.91 

K 

0.30 

1.450 

3.163 

1420 

2.044 

129.38 

D 

.241 

2.708 

1215 

1.750 

111.01 

L 

.228 

.678 

1202 

.731 

109.80 

F 

.210 

.640 

1185 

.706 

108.24 

S 

.222 

.667 

1197 

.723 

109.32 

K 

0.40 

1.692 

3.691 

1656 

2.385 

131.03 

D 

.433 

.127 

1403 

.021 

111.01 

L 

.440 

.142 

1410 

.031 

111.55 

F 

.404 

.063 

1375 

1.979 

108.74 

S 

.443 

.149 

1413 

2.035 

111.80 

K 

0.50 

1.903 

4.152 

1864 

2.684 

131.86 

D 

.602 

3.496 

1569 

.259 

111.01 

L 

.630 

.556 

1633 

.352 

112.93 

F 

.577 

.440 

1544 

.213 

109.24 

S 

.642 

.582 

1608 

.315 

113.76 

K 

0.60 

2.094 

4.568 

2050 

2.953 

132.43 

D 

1.755 

3.830 

1719 

.475 

111.01 

L 

.804 

.935 

1766 

.543 

114.06 

F 

.731 

.775 

1695 

.440 

109.44 

S 

.824 

.980 

1786 

.572 

115.62 

K 

0.70 

2.269 

4.996 

2222 

3.199 

132.84 

D 

1.896 

.136 

1857 

2.673 

111.01 

L 

.965 

.286 

1924 

.770 

115.04 

F 

.874 

.089 

1835 

.643 

109.73 

S 

.995 

.353 

1954 

.813 

116.83 

20-INCH  PIPE 


69 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Ucj 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ber  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

2.431 

5.304 

2381 

3.428 

133.15 

D 

.027 

4.422 

1985 

2.858 

111.01 

L 

.116 

.616 

2072 

.984 

115.89 

F 

.013 

.392 

1971 

.839 

110.27 

S 

.155 

.701 

2110 

3.038 

118.01 

K 

0.90 

2.583 

5.636 

2530 

3.643 

133.40 

D 

.150 

4.690 

2105 

.031 

111.01 

L 

.259 

.928 

2212 

.185 

116.64 

F 

.141 

.672 

2097 

.020 

110.58 

S 

.307 

5.032 

2259 

.252 

119.11 

K 

1.0 

2.727 

5.950 

2670 

3.845 

133.60 

D 

.266 

4.944 

2219 

.195 

111.01 

L 

.395 

5.225 

2345 

.377 

117.32 

F 

.262 

4.934 

2215 

.189 

110.79 

S 

.451 

5.348 

2400 

.456 

120.09 

K 

1.5 

3.355 

7.320 

3285 

4.742 

134.20 

D 

2.775 

6.055 

2718 

3.913 

111.01 

L 

.999 

.543 

2937 

4.229 

119.96 

F 

.776 

.055 

2718 

.913 

111.01 

S 

3.099 

.760 

3034 

.369 

123.95 

K 

2.0 

3.883 

8.471 

3802 

5.475 

134.50 

D 

.205 

6.992 

3138 

4.519 

111.01 

L 

.518 

7.676 

3445 

.961 

121.87 

F 

.255 

.101 

3187 

.589 

112.74 

S 

.659 

.983 

3583 

5.160 

126.76 

K 

3.0 

4.766 

10.398 

4667 

6.720 

134.80 

D 

3.925 

8.563 

3843 

5.534 

111.01 

L 

4.406 

9.613 

4315 

6.213 

124.62 

F 

.018 

8.766 

3935 

5.666 

113.65 

S 

.626 

10.092 

4530 

6.523 

130.83 

K 

4.0 

5.511 

12.029 

5396 

7.771 

134.96 

D 

4.532 

9.888 

4458 

6.390 

111.01 

L 

5.169 

11.277 

5062 

7.289 

126.61 

F 

4.672 

10.192 

4574 

6.587 

114.43 

S 

5.463 

11.918 

5349 

7.703 

133.81 

K 

5.0 

6.165 

13.449 

6036 

8.692 

135.05 

D 

5.067 

11.055 

4962 

7.145 

111.01 

L 

.851 

12.764 

5729 

8.250 

128.17 

F 

.240 

11.432 

5131 

7.389 

114.81 

S 

6.215 

13.559 

6085 

8.763 

136.15 

K 

6.0 

6.756 

14.739 

6615 

9.526 

135.11 

D 

5.551 

12.110 

5435 

7.827 

111.01 

L 

6.474 

14.123 

6339 

9.128 

129.47 

F 

5.764 

12.575 

5644 

8.128 

115.28 

S 

6.906 

15.066 

6762 

9.737 

138.11 

70 


20-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQJ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ber  24 
ours. 

K 

7.0 

7.470 

16.296 

7,314 

10.532 

135.16 

D 

5.995 

13.080 

5,871 

8.454 

111.01 

L 

7.052 

15.382 

6,905 

9.943 

130.57 

F 

6.252 

13.639 

6,122 

8.815 

115.76 

S 

7.549 

16.469 

7,392 

10.644 

139.78 

K 

8.0 

7.805 

17.029 

7,643 

11.006 

135.19 

D 

6.409 

13.983 

6,276 

9.038 

111.01 

L 

7.594 

16.568 

7,436 

10.708 

131.54 

F 

6.713 

14.612 

6,558 

9.444 

116.00 

3 

8.155 

17.791 

7,985 

11.498 

141.24 

K 

9.0 

8.280 

18.065 

8,108 

11.676 

135.22 

D 

6.782 

14.831 

6,657 

9.586 

111.01 

L 

8.107 

17.687 

7,939 

11.431 

132.39 

F 

7.126 

15.547 

6,978 

10.048 

116.37 

S 

8.729 

19.044 

8,547 

12.308 

142.54 

K 

10.0 

8.730 

19.045' 

8,548 

12.309 

135.24 

D 

7.166 

15.633 

7,017 

10.104 

111.01 

L 

8.596 

18.752 

8,417 

12.120 

133.16 

F 

7.535 

16.439 

7,379 

10.625 

116.73 

S 

9.278 

20.241 

9,085 

13.081 

143.73 

K 

11.0 

9.157 

19.978 

8,967 

12.912 

135.26 

D 

7.516 

16.397 

7,356 

10.597 

111.01 

L 

9.062 

19.771 

8,874 

12.778 

133.85 

F 

7.912 

17.260 

7,747 

11.155 

116.86 

S 

9.803 

21.387 

9,599 

13.822 

144.80 

K 

12.0 

9.565 

20.868 

9,366 

13.487 

135.27 

D 

7.850 

17.126 

7,687 

11.069 

111.01 

L 

9.511 

20.750 

9,313 

13.410 

134.50 

F 

8.281 

18.066 

8,109 

11.676 

117.11 

S 

10.309 

22.490 

10,094 

14.535 

145.78 

K 

13.0 

9.957 

21.722 

9,750 

14.039 

135.28 

D 

8.170 

17.825 

8,000 

1  1  .  520 

111.01 

L 

9.943 

21.692 

9,736 

14.020 

135.09 

F 

8.628 

18.824 

8,449 

12.166 

117.23 

S 

10.796 

23.555 

10,572 

15.224 

146.70 

K 

14.0 

10.333 

22.544 

10,119 

14.571 

135.29 

D 

8.479 

18.498 

8,302 

11  .966 

111.01 

L 

10.360 

22.603 

10,144 

14.608 

135.65 

F 

8.973 

19.576 

8,786 

12.652 

117.48 

S 

11.270 

24.586 

11,035 

15.890 

147.55 

K 

15.0 

10.697 

23.337 

10,474 

15.083 

135.30 

D 

8.776 

19.147 

8,594 

12.375 

111  .01 

L 

10.765 

23.485 

10,541 

15.178 

136.16 

F 

9.296 

20.281 

9,103 

13.108 

117.59 

S 

11.728 

25.587 

11,484 

16.537 

148.34 

30-INCH  PIPE 


71 


DlSCHABGB. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.      >. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

16.0 

11.048 

24.103 

10,818 

15.578 

135.31 

D 

9.064 

19.775 

8,876 

12.781 

111.01 

L 

11.157 

24.342 

10,925 

15.732 

136.65 

F 

9.613 

20.973 

9,413 

13.555 

117.74 

S 

12.157 

26.559 

11,920 

17.165 

149.09 

K 

17.0 

11.388 

24.846 

11,151 

16.058 

135.31 

D 

9.343 

20.384 

9,149 

13.174 

111.01 

L 

11.539 

25.174 

11,299 

16.270 

137.11 

F 

9.920 

21.642 

9,713 

13.987 

117.86 

S 

12.608 

27.506 

12,345 

17.777 

149.80 

K 

18.0 

11.719 

25.568 

11,476 

16.525 

135.32 

D 

9.614 

20.975 

9,414 

13  .556 

111.01 

L 

11.911 

25.986 

11,663 

16.795 

137.53 

F 

10.230 

22.318 

10,017 

14.424 

118.12 

S 

13.031 

28.431 

12,761 

18.375 

150.47 

K 

19.0 

12.041 

26.269 

11,791 

16.978 

135.32 

D 

9.878 

21.550 

9,672 

13.928 

111.01 

L 

12.274 

26.777 

12,018 

17.306 

137.94 

F 

10.510 

22.929 

10,291 

14.819 

118.12 

S 

13.445 

29.333 

13,165 

18.958 

151.10 

K 

20.0 

12.354 

26.953 

12,097 

17.421 

135.33 

D 

10.133 

22.109 

9,923 

14.289 

111.01 

L 

12.628 

27.550 

12,365 

17.806 

138.33 

F 

10.794 

23.551 

10,570 

15.221 

118.25 

S 

13.850 

30.216 

13,561 

19.528 

151.71 

K 

21.0 

12.659 

27.619 

12,396 

17.850 

135.33 

D 

10.384 

22.655 

10,168 

14.642 

111.01 

L 

12.975 

28.307 

12,705 

18.295 

138.71 

F 

11.073 

24.158 

10,843 

15.613 

118.38 

S 

14.246 

31.080 

13,949 

20.133 

152.30 

K 

22.0 

12.958 

28.270 

12,688 

18.271 

135.34 

D 

10.628 

23.188 

10,407 

14.987 

111.01 

L 

13.314 

29.047 

13,037 

18.773 

139.06 

F 

11.334 

24.727 

11,098 

15.981 

118.38 

S 

14.634 

31.927 

14,329 

20.634 

152.84 

K 

23.0 

13.250 

28.906 

12,974 

18.682 

135.34 

D 

10.867 

23.709 

10,641 

15.324 

111.01 

L 

13.647 

29.773 

13,363 

19.242 

139.40 

F 

11.601 

25.310 

11,360 

16.358 

118.51 

S    ' 

15.015 

32.758 

14,702 

21.171 

153.38 

K 

24.0 

13.534 

29.529 

13,253 

19.085 

135.35 

D 

11.101 

24.220 

10,870 

15.653 

111.01 

L 

13.973 

30.485 

13,682 

19.702 

139.73 

F 

11.823 

25.854 

11,604 

16.710 

118.51 

72 


30-INCH  PIPE 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
Ber  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 

F 

25.0 

13.814 
11.330 
14.293 
12.108 

30.138 
24.719 
31.183 
26.416 

13,527 
11,094 
13,996 
11,856 

19.479 
15.976 
20.154 
17.073 

135.35 
111.01 
140.04 
118.64 

K 
D 
L 
F 

30.0 

15.134 
12.412 
15.815 
13.308 

33.017 
27.078 
34.503 
29.033 

14,819 
12,153 
15,486 
13,031 

21.339 
17.501 
22.295 
18.764 

135.36 
111.01 
141.45 
119.02 

D 
F 

40.0 

14.332 
15.418 

31.267 
33.636 

14,033 
15,097 

20.208 
21.734 

111.01 
119.42 

D 

50.0 

16.023 

34.958 

15,690 

22.954 

111.01 

23-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

0.836 

2.208 

991 

1.427 

123.57 

D 

.753 

1.988 

8P2 

.285 

111.26 

L 

.713 

.882 

845 

.216 

105.30 

F 

.735 

.940 

870 

.254 

108.54 

S 

.682 

.800 

808 

.163 

100.71 

K 

0.12 

0.931 

2.402 

1078 

1.517 

125.54 

D 

.825 

.178 

978 

.408 

111.26 

L 

.788 

.082 

935 

.346 

106.37 

F 

.805 

.125 

954 

.373 

108.54 

S 

.758 

.000 

898 

.293 

102.16 

K 

0.15 

1.058 

2.794 

1254 

1.806 

127.66 

D 

0.922 

.435 

1093 

.574 

111.26 

L 

.893 

.357 

1058 

.523 

107.68 

F 

.903 

.384 

1070 

.541 

108.94 

S 

.862 

.275 

1021 

.470 

103.95 

K 

0.20 

1.244 

3.284 

1474 

2.122 

129.94 

D 

.065 

2.812 

1262 

1.817 

111.26 

L 

.047 

.765 

1241 

.787 

109.40 

F 

.045 

.695 

1210 

.742 

109.14 

S 

.018 

.687 

1206 

.736 

106.09 

K 

0.30 

1.542 

4.069 

1827 

2.626 

132.39 

D 

.304 

3.444 

1545 

.226 

111.26 

L 

.312 

.462 

1554 

.238 

111.86 

F 

.286 

.394 

1523 

.193 

109.65 

S 

.287 

.396 

1524 

.195 

109.73 

K 

0.40 

1.814 

4.789 

2150 

3.095 

134.00 

D 

.506 

3.976 

1785 

2.570 

111.26 

L 

.539 

4.062 

1823 

.625 

113.65 

F 

.494 

3.945 

1771 

.550 

110.37 

S 

.519 

4.010 

1800 

.592 

112.21 

K 

0.50 

2.036 

5.373 

2412 

3.474 

134.50 

D 

1.684 

4.446 

1995 

2.873 

111.26 

L 

.742 

.597 

2063 

.971 

115.05 

F 

.682 

.440 

1993 

.870 

111.11 

S 

.729 

.563 

2048 

.949 

114.19 

K 

0.60 

2.239 

5.911 

2653 

3.821 

135.05 

D 

1  .  845 

4.870 

2186 

.148 

111.26 

L 

.927 

5.087 

2283 

.288 

116.20 

F 

.844 

4.869 

2185 

.146 

111.22 

S 

.921 

5.070 

2276 

.277 

115.83 

K 

0.70 

2.426 

6.404 

2874 

4.139 

135.45 

D 

1.993 

5.260 

2361 

3.397 

111.26 

L 

2.099 

.541 

2487 

.581 

117.20 

F 

.002 

.284 

2372 

.415 

111.76 

S 

.100 

.543 

2488 

.582 

117.23 

74 


22-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQJ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

2.599 

6.861 

3080 

4.435 

135.75 

D 

.130 

5.623 

2524 

3.634 

111.26 

L 

.261 

.967 

2678 

.857 

118.06 

F 

.144 

.660 

2540 

.658 

111.97 

S 

.268 

.987 

2687 

.870 

118.45 

K 

0.90 

2.762 

7.307 

3272 

4.712 

135.99 

D 

.259 

5.964 

2677 

3.855 

111.26 

L 

.413 

6.370 

2859 

4.117 

118.83 

F 

.281 

.021 

2702 

3.891 

112.31 

S 

.428 

.409 

2877' 

4.142 

119.55 

K 

1.0 

2.912 

7.688 

3451 

4.969 

136.05 

D 

.382 

6.287 

2822 

.063 

111.26 

L 

.559 

.754 

3031 

.365 

119.52 

F 

.408 

.371 

2860 

.118 

112.75 

S 

.580 

.812 

3057 

.402 

120.53 

K 

1.5 

3.585 

9.946 

4248 

6.1l7 

136.75 

D 

2.917 

7.700 

3456 

4.977 

111.26 

L 

3.204 

8.459 

3797 

5.467 

122.21 

F 

2.992 

7.897 

3545 

.104 

114.11 

S 

3.262 

8.611 

3865 

.565 

124.41 

K 

2.0 

4.149 

10.952 

4916 

7.079 

137.05 

D 

3.368 

8.891 

3991 

5.747 

111.26 

L 

.759 

9.923 

4454 

6.413 

124.13 

F 

.456 

.124 

4095 

5.897 

114.16 

S 

.852 

10.168 

4564 

6.571 

127.23 

K 

3.0 

5.092 

13.442 

6033 

8.688 

137.34 

D 

4.125 

10.890 

4887 

7.038 

111.26 

L 

.708 

12.427 

5578 

8  .  032 

126.96 

F 

.274 

11.283 

5064 

7.292 

115.28 

S 

.869 

12.854 

5769 

8.308 

131.32 

K 

4^0 

5.886 

15.539 

6974 

10.043 

137.49 

D 

4.763 

12.574 

5644 

8.127 

111  .26 

L 

5.523 

14.578 

6543 

9.422 

128.99 

F 

4.951 

13.069 

5866 

8.447 

115.64 

S 

5.750 

15.179 

6813 

9.811 

134.31 

K 

5.0 

6.585 

17.384 

7802 

11.235 

137.57 

D 

5.325 

14.058 

6310 

9.086 

111  .26 

L 

6.251 

16.501 

7406 

10.664 

130.61 

F 

5  .  576 

14.719 

6607 

9.513 

116  49 

S 

6  .  542 

17.269 

7751 

11.161 

136.66 

K 

6.0 

7.217 

19.051 

8551 

12.313 

137   63 

D 

5  .  834 

15.400 

6912 

9.953 

111  .26 

L 

6.916 

18.258 

8194 

11.800 

131  .90 

F 

.134 

16.193 

7268 

10.465 

116.98 

S 

7.269 

19.188 

8612 

12.401 

138.62 

23-INCH  PIPE 


75 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    b. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

7.0 

7.798 

20.584 

9,239 

13.304 

137.68 

D 

6.301 

16.634 

7,466 

10.750 

111.26 

L 

7.534 

19.888 

8,927 

12.854 

133.02 

F 

6.647 

17.546 

7,875 

11.340 

117.36 

S 

7.946 

20.977 

9,415 

13.577 

140.31 

K 

8.0 

8.338 

22.011 

9,879 

14.226 

137.71 

D 

6.736 

17.782 

7,981 

11.493 

111.26 

L 

8.114 

21.420 

9,614 

13.844 

134.01 

F 

7.121 

18.798 

8,437 

12.150 

117.61 

S 

8.584 

22.660 

10,170 

14.645 

141.77 

K 

9.0 

8.846 

23.350 

10,480 

15.092 

137.74 

D 

7.145 

18.861 

8,465 

12.190 

111.26 

L 

8.662 

22.865 

10,262 

14.778 

134.87 

F 

7.569 

19.981 

8,968 

12.914 

117.86 

S 

9.189 

24.257 

10,887 

15.677 

143.08 

K 

10.0 

9.325 

24.617 

11,049 

15.910 

137.76 

D 

7.531 

19.881 

8,923 

12.849 

111.26 

L 

9.184 

24.242 

10,881 

15.668 

135.66 

F 

8.005 

21.131 

9,484 

13.657 

118.25 

S 

9.763 

25.773 

11,568 

16.657 

144.23 

K 

11.0 

9.782 

25.822 

11,589 

16.689 

137.77 

D 

7.899 

20  .  852 

9,359 

13.476 

111.26 

L 

9.682 

25.599 

11,471 

16.519 

136.37 

F 

8.423 

22.235 

9,980 

14.371 

118.63 

S 

10.319 

27.240 

12,226 

17.605 

145.34 

K 

12.0 

10.217 

26.972 

12,106 

17.432 

137.79 

D 

8  .  250 

21.779 

9,775 

14.076 

111.26 

L 

10.161 

26.824 

12,039 

17.336 

137.02 

F 

8.807 

23.249 

10,435 

15.026 

118.77 

S 

10.851 

28.645 

12,857 

18.513 

146.33 

K 

13.0 

10.636 

28.076 

12,602 

18.146 

137.80 

D 

8.587 

22.668 

10,174 

14.650 

111.26 

L 

10.623 

28.042 

12,586 

18.124 

137.63 

F 

9.167 

24.198 

10,861 

15.640 

118.77 

S 

11.365 

30.001 

13,465 

19.390 

147.25 

K 

14.0 

11.038 

29.137 

13,078 

18.832 

137.81 

D 

8.911 

23.523 

10,558 

15.203 

111.26 

L 

11.069 

29.219 

13,114 

18.885 

138.19 

F 

9.534 

25.166 

11,295 

16.265 

119.03 

S 

11.862 

31.315 

14,055 

20.239 

148.10 

K 

15.0 

11.426 

30.163 

13,538 

19.495 

137.82 

D 

9.224 

24.350 

10,928 

15.737 

111.26 

L 

11.501 

30.360 

13,626 

19.622 

138.72 

F 

9.868 

26  .  050 

11,692 

16.837 

119.03 

S 

12.345 

32.588 

14,626 

21.062 

148.90 

76 


33-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
.  per  24 
Hours. 

K 

16.0 

11.799 

31.146 

13,979 

20.130 

137.82 

D 

9.526 

25.148 

11,287 

16.253 

111.26 

L 

11.920 

31.467 

14,123 

20.338 

139.21 

F 

10.203 

26.934 

12,089 

17.408 

119.16 

S 

12.812 

33.822 

15,180 

21.860 

149.63 

K 

17.0 

12.165 

32.113 

14,413 

20.755 

137.83 

D 

9.820 

25.922 

11,634 

16.753 

111.26 

L 

12.328 

32.544 

14,606 

21.033 

139.68 

F 

10.528 

27.793 

12,475 

17.963 

119.29 

S 

13.271 

35.034 

15,724 

22.643 

150.36 

K 

18.0 

12.518 

33.046 

14,832 

21.357 

137.83 

D 

10.104 

26.674 

11,972 

17.239 

111.26 

L 

12.725 

33.593 

15,077 

21.711 

140.11 

F 

10.846 

28.631 

12,851 

18.505 

119.42 

3 

13.717 

36.210 

16,252 

23.403 

151.03 

K 

19.0 

12.863 

33.955 

15,240 

21.945 

137.85 

D 

10.381 

27.405 

12,300 

17.712 

111.26 

L 

13.113 

34.616 

15,537 

22.373 

140.53 

F 

11.156 

29.449 

13,218 

19.033 

119.55 

S 

14.152 

37.360 

16,768 

24.146 

151.67 

K 

20.0 

13.197 

34  .  837 

15,636 

22.516 

137.85 

D 

10.651 

28.  117 

12,619 

18.172 

111.26 

L 

13.492 

35.615 

15,985 

23.019 

140.90 

F 

11.458 

30.247 

13,576 

19.549 

119.69 

S 

14.578 

38.484 

17,273 

24.873 

152.28 

K 

21.0 

13.522 

35.696 

16,021 

23.071 

137.85 

D 

10.913 

28.810 

12,930 

18.620 

111.26 

L 

13.862 

36.593 

16,424 

23.650 

141  .31 

F 

11.751 

31.021 

13,923 

20.049 

119.79 

S 

14.995 

39.584 

17,766 

25.584 

152.86 

K 

22.0 

13.841 

36.539 

16,399 

23.615 

137.86 

D 

11.171 

29.488 

13,235 

19.058 

111.26 

L 

14.225 

37.550 

16,853 

24.269 

141.67 

F 

12.044 

31.794 

14,270 

20.549 

119.96 

S 

15.404 

40.664 

18,251 

26.282 

153.42 

K 

23.0 

14.153 

37.360 

16,768 

24.146 

137.86 

D 

11.421 

30.151 

13,532 

19.487 

111.26 

L 

14.580 

38.488 

17,275 

24.875 

142.02 

F 

12.329 

32.545 

14,607 

21.034 

120.09 

K 

24.0 

14.458 

38.165 

17,130 

24.667 

137.86 

D 

11.667 

30.800 

13,824 

19.906 

111.26 

L 

14.929 

39.408 

17,688 

25.470 

142.35 

F 

12.608 

33.284 

14,935 

21.507 

120.23 

22-INCH  PIPE 


77 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

25.0 

14.757 
11.908 
15.271 
12.883 

38.953 
31.435 
40.312 
34.007 

17,483 
14,109 
18,093 
15,263 

25.176 
20.317 
26.054 
21.979 

137.87 
111.26 
142.67 
120.36 

K 
D 
F 

30.0 

16.167 
13.044 
14.112 

42.678 
34.435 
37.253 

19,155 
15,456 
16,720 

27  .  583 
22.256 
24.077 

137.87 
111.26 
120.36 

D 
F 

40.0 

15.063 
16.332 

39.762 
43.113 

17,846 
19,349 

25.699 
27.862 

111.26 
120.63 

78 


34-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  id. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

0.893 

2.806 

1259 

1.813 

126.30 

D 

.788 

.493 

1111 

.600 

111.46 

L 

.758 

.379 

1068 

.537 

107.08 

F 

.779 

.445 

1097 

.580 

110.06 

S 

.717 

.251 

1010 

.455 

101.33 

K 

0.12 

0.993 

3.120 

1401 

2.017 

128.22 

D 

.863 

2.712 

1217 

1.783 

111.46 

L 

.838 

.632 

1181 

.701 

108.16 

F 

.854 

.683 

1204 

.734 

110.26 

S 

.796 

.501 

1123 

.617 

102.78 

K 

0.15 

1.128 

3.545 

1591 

2.291 

130.28 

D 

0.965 

.033 

1361 

1.960 

111  .46 

L 

.948 

2.979 

1337 

.925 

109.50 

F 

.958 

3.009 

1350 

.945 

110.58 

S 

.906 

2.846 

1277 

.839 

104.59 

K 

0.20 

1.325 

4.162 

1868 

2.690 

132.48 

D 

.115 

3.502 

1572 

.263 

111.46 

L 

.112 

.495 

1569 

.259 

111.25 

F 

.110 

.487 

1565 

.254 

111.00 

S 

.070 

.361 

1508 

.172 

106.96 

K 

0.30 

1.652 

5.189 

2329 

3.354 

134.86 

D 

.365 

4.289 

1925 

2.772 

111.46 

L 

.393 

.377 

1965 

.829 

113.75 

F 

.369 

.300 

1930 

.779 

111.76 

S 

.352 

.248 

1907 

.745 

110.40 

K 

0.40 

1  .  925 

6.048 

2714 

3.909 

136.12 

D 

.576 

4.952 

2222 

.201 

111.46 

L 

.634 

5.135 

2305 

.319 

115.57 

F 

.588 

4.990 

2239 

.225 

112.30 

S 

.597 

5.017 

2252 

.242 

112.91 

K 

0.50 

2.165 

6.800 

3052 

4.395 

136.90 

D 

1.762 

5.537 

2485 

3.578 

111.46 

L 

.850 

.812 

2608 

.756 

116.99 

F 

.781 

.595 

2511 

.616 

112.63 

S 

.817 

.707 

2562 

.689 

114.89 

K 

0.60 

2.372 

7.434 

3344 

4.816 

136.93 

D 

1.931 

6  .  065 

2722 

3.920 

111.46 

L 

2.047 

.431 

2886 

4.156 

118.17 

F 

1.961 

.159 

2765 

3.981 

113.19 

S 

2.019 

.342 

2846 

4.099 

116.54 

K 

0.70 

2.578 

8.100 

3636 

5.235 

137.82 

D 

.085 

6.551 

2940 

4.234 

111.46 

L 

.230 

7  .  005 

3144 

.527 

119.18 

F 

.124 

6  .  673 

2995 

.313 

113.53 

S 

.205 

.933 

3112 

.481 

117.95 

24-INCH  PIPE 


79 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 

.  t). 

Gallons 

Gallons 

per  Sec. 

per  Min. 

per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

2.762 

8.  678 

3,895 

5.608 

138.11 

D 

.229 

7.003 

3,143 

4.526 

111.46 

L 

.401 

.544 

3,386 

.876 

120.06 

F 

.275 

.148 

3,208 

.620 

113.76 

S 

.384 

.489 

3,361 

.730 

119.18 

K 

0.90 

2.935 

9.219 

4,138 

5.958 

138.33 

D 

.364 

7.428 

3,334 

4.801 

111.46 

L 

.563 

8  .  053 

3,615 

5.205 

120.84 

F 

.421 

7.605 

3,413 

4.915 

114.11 

S 

.552 

8.016 

3,598 

5.181 

120.29 

K 

1.0' 

3.097 

9.731 

4,368 

6.289 

138.52 

D 

2.492 

7.830 

3.514 

5.061 

111.46 

L 

.718 

8.538 

3,832 

.518 

121.54 

F 

.559 

.039 

3,609 

.197 

114.45 

S 

.712 

.520 

3,824 

,506 

121.28 

K 

1.5 

3.809 

11.966 

5,371 

7.733 

139.07 

D 

.  053 

9.590 

4,304 

6.198 

111.46 

L 

.404 

10.693 

4,799 

.911 

124.28 

F 

.164 

9.939 

4,461 

.424 

115.52 

S 

.428 

10.770 

4,834 

.961 

125.18 

K 

2.0 

4.407 

13.844 

6,214 

8.948 

139.35 

D 

3  .  525 

11.073 

4,970 

7.157 

111.46 

L 

.993 

12.544 

5,630 

8.107 

126.26 

F 

.672 

11.536 

5,178 

7.456 

116.12 

S 

4.049 

12.718 

5,709 

8.220 

128.02 

K 

3.0 

5  .  408 

16.991 

7,626 

10.981 

139.64 

D 

4.317 

13.562 

6,C87 

8.765 

111.46 

L 

5.001 

15.710 

7,051 

10.153 

129.11 

F 

4.536 

14.249 

6,395 

9.209 

117.11 

S 

5.118 

16.078 

7,216 

10.391 

132.14 

K 

4.0 

6.251 

19.639 

8,815 

12.693 

139.78 

D 

4.985 

15.660 

7,029 

10.121 

111.46 

L 

5.866 

18.429 

8,272 

11  .911 

131.17 

F 

.265 

16.542 

7,424 

10.691 

117.73 

S 

6.044 

18.986 

8,522 

12.271 

135.13 

K 

5.0 

6.9r3 

21.970 

9,861 

14.200 

139.86 

D 

5  .  573 

17.509 

7,858 

11.316 

111.46 

L 

6.640 

20  .  8f,0 

9,362 

13.481 

132.79 

F 

5.913 

18.527 

8.337 

1  2  .  005 

118.25 

S 

6.876 

21.600 

9,695 

13.960 

137.51 

K 

6.0 

7.664 

24.077 

10,807 

15.561 

139.92 

D 

6.  105 

19.  180 

8,628 

12.424 

111.46 

L 

7  .  347 

23.080 

10,359 

14.917 

134.13 

F 

6.498 

20.414 

9,162 

13.194 

118.64 

S 

7.640 

24.001 

10,772 

15.512 

139.48 

80 


"24-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ber  24 
ours. 

K 

7.0 

8.280 

26.014 

11,676 

16.813 

139.96 

D 

6.594 

20.716 

9,298 

13.389 

111.46 

L 

8.003 

25.142 

11,284 

16.249 

135.27 

F 

7.050 

22.147 

9,940 

14.313 

119.16 

S 

8.352 

26.238 

11,776 

16.958 

141.17 

K 

8.0 

8.854 

27.816 

12,485 

17.978 

139.99 

D 

7.050 

22.147 

9,940 

14.313 

111.46 

L 

8.619 

27.076 

12,152 

17.500 

136.27 

F 

7.553 

23.729 

10,650 

15.336 

119.42 

S 

9.022 

28.343 

12,721 

18.318 

142.64 

K 

9.0 

9.393 

29.509 

13,245 

19.072 

140.02 

D 

7.477 

23.490 

10,542 

15.182 

111.46 

L 

9.202 

28.908 

1-2,973 

18.681 

137.15 

F 

8   020 

25.196 

11,308 

16.284 

119.55 

S 

9.657 

30.340 

13,617 

19.609 

143.96 

K 

10.0 

9.902 

31.110 

13,963 

20.106 

140.04 

D 

7.882 

24.761 

11,113 

16.003 

111.46 

L 

9.755 

30  .  645 

13,754 

19.807 

137.95 

F 

8.473 

26.618 

11,947 

17.203 

119.82 

S 

10.264 

32.246 

14,473 

20.841 

145.15 

K 

11.0 

10.385 

32.632 

14,646 

21.091 

140.05 

D 

8.266 

25.969 

11,655 

16.784 

111.46 

L 

10.284 

32.310 

14,501 

20.882 

138.68 

F 

8.906 

27.980 

12,558 

18.084 

120.09 

S 

10.845 

34.071 

15,292 

22.021 

146.23 

K 

12.0 

10.850 

34.086 

15,299 

22.030 

140.07 

D 

8.634 

27.124 

12,174 

17.530 

111  .46 

L 

10.794 

33.909 

15,219 

21.916 

139.34 

F 

9  .  323 

29.290 

13,146 

18.930 

120.36 

S 

11.405 

35.829 

16,081 

23.157 

147.24 

K 

13.0 

11.320 

35.480 

15,925 

22.931 

140.08 

D 

8.986 

28.231 

12,671 

18.246 

111.46 

L 

11.284 

35.449 

15,910 

22.911 

139.96 

F 

9.704 

30.485 

13,682 

19.703 

120.36 

S 

11.945 

37.526 

16,843 

24.253 

148.16 

K 

14.0 

11.721 

36.822 

16,527 

23.798 

140.09 

D 

9.326 

29.297 

13,149 

18.935 

111.46 

L 

11.757 

36.938 

16,578 

23.873 

140.53 

F 

10.082 

31.672 

14,215 

20.470 

120.49 

S 

12.467 

39.168 

17,580 

25.314 

149.01 

K 

15.0 

12.133 

38.117 

17,109 

24.636 

140.10 

D 

9  .  653 

30.326 

13,611 

19.600 

111.46 

L 

12.216 

38.380 

17,225 

24.805 

141.06 

F 

10.435 

32.784 

14,714 

21.189 

120.49 

S 

12.975 

40.762 

18,295 

26.345 

149.82 

24-INCH  PIPE 


81 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

16.0 

12.531 
9.969 
12.662 
10.790 
13.468 

39.368 
31.320 
39.780 
33.897 
42.312 

17,670 
14,057 
17,854 
15,214 
18,991 

25.444 
20.242 
25.710 
21.908 
27.347 

140.10 
111.46 
141.56 
120.63 
150.58 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

17.0 

12.917 
10.276 
13.095 
11.122 
13.948 

40.581 
32.284 
41.140 
34.940 
43.820 

18,214 
14,490 
18,465 
15,682 
19,667 

26.228 
20.865 
26.589 
22.738 
28.321 

140.11 
111.46 
142.04 
120.63 
151.29 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

18.0 

13.293 
10.574 
13.517 
11.457 
14.417 

41.760 
33.221 
42.467 
35.994 
45.292 

18,743 
14,910 
19,060 
16,155 
20,329 

26.990 
21.470 
27.447 
23.263 
29.273 

140.11 
111.46 
142.48 
120.77 
151.96 

K 
D 
L 

F 

S 

19.0 

13.658 
10.864 
13.929 
11.771 
14.875 

42.966 
34.130 
43.760 
36.980 
46.729 

19,302 
15,319 
19,640 
16,220 
20,973 

27.795 
22  .  059 
28  .  283 
23  .  357 
30.202 

140.12 
111.46 
142.91 
120.77 
152.61 

K 
D 
L 

F 

S 

20.0 

14.013 
11.146 
14.332 
12.091 
15.322 

44.023 
35.017 
45.024 
37.985 
48.136 

19,759 
15,716 
20,208 
17,049 
21,605 

28  .  453 
22.632 
29.099 
24  .  550 
31.111 

140.13 
111.46 
143.31 
120.91 
153.22 

K 
D 
L 
F 

21.0 

14.359 
11.421 
14.725 
12.415 

45.111 
35.881 
46.259 
38.966 

20,247 
16,104 
20,762 
17,489 

29.156 
23.190 
29.898 
25.184 

140.13 
111.46 
143.70 
121.04 

K 
D 
L 
F 

22.0 

14.697 
11.690 
15.110 
12.710 

46.172 
36.726 
47.469 
39.930 

20,723 
16,483 
21,305 
17,921 

29.842 
23.736 
30.679 
25.807 

140.13 
111.46 
144.06 
121.18 

K 
D 
F 

23.0 

1  5  .  028 
1  1  .  953 
13.010 

47.212 
37.551 
40.873 

21,190 
16,854 
18,345 

30.513 
24.269 
26.416 

140.14 
111.46 
121.32 

D 
F 

24.0 

12.210 
13.306 

38.359 
41.801 

17,217 
18,761 

24.792 
27.016 

111  .46 
121.46 

D 
F 

25.0 

12.462 
13.595 

39.150 
42.711 

17,572 
19,170 

25.303 
27.605 

111.46 
121.60 

D 
F 

30.0 

13.651 
14.927 

42.886 
46.895 

19,249 
21,048 

27.718 
30.302 

111.46 
121.88 

D 
F 

40.0 

15.763 
17.297 

49.521 
54.339 

22,175 
24,389 

32.006 
35.120 

111.46 
122.30 

82 


26-INCH  PIPE 


.  DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    C5. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

0.948 

3  .  495 

1569 

2.259 

128.81 

D 

.822 

.030 

1360 

1.945 

111.63 

L 

.801 

2.952 

1325 

.908 

108.76 

F 

.823 

3.033 

1361 

.960 

111.76 

S 

.749 

2.760 

1239 

.784 

101.72 

K 

0.12 

1.054 

3.885 

1743 

2.511 

130.68 

D 

0.900 

.319 

1490 

.145 

111.63 

L 

.886 

.266 

1466 

.111 

109.86 

F 

.903 

.328 

1494 

.151 

111.97 

S 

.832 

.069 

1377 

1.983 

103.23 

K 

0.15 

1.196 

4.409 

1979 

2.850 

132.68 

D 

.006 

3.711 

1665 

.398 

111.63 

L 

.003 

.697 

1659 

.389 

111  .21 

F 

.010 

.725 

1672 

.408 

1  1  2  .  08 

S 

0.946 

.489 

1566 

.255 

104.99 

K 

0.20 

1.403 

5.174 

2322 

3.344 

134.81 

D 

.162 

4.285 

1923 

2.769 

111.63 

L 

.176 

.337 

1946 

.803 

112.99 

F 

.174 

.327 

1942 

.796 

112.75 

S 

.118 

.121 

1849 

.663 

107.37 

K 

0.30 

1.748 

6.444 

2892 

4.165 

137.11 

D 

.423 

5.248 

2355 

3.392 

111.63 

L 

.473 

.431 

2438 

.510 

115.53 

F 

.446 

.331 

2393 

.445 

113.42 

S 

.413 

.209 

2338 

.367 

110.83 

K 

0.40 

2.036 

7  .  507 

3370 

4.852 

138.33 

D 

1.643 

6.059 

2720 

3.916 

111.63 

L 

.728 

.371 

2860 

4.118 

117.38 

F 

.667 

.186 

2777 

.000 

113.99 

S 

.668 

.151 

2761 

3.976 

113.34 

K 

0.50 

2.289 

8.440 

3788 

5.455 

139.09 

D 

1.837 

6.775 

3041 

4.379 

111.63 

L 

.9.56 

7.212 

3237 

.661 

118.83 

F 

.8P4 

6.945 

3117 

.489 

114.45 

S 

.898 

.998 

3141 

.523 

115.33 

K 

0.60 

2.517 

9.279 

4165 

5.997 

139.60 

D 

.013 

7.421 

3331 

4.796 

111  .63 

L 

.164 

.980 

3581 

5  .  1  57 

120.02 

F 

.072 

.639 

3429 

4.937 

114.92 

S 

.109 

.776 

3490 

5.026 

116.99 

K 

0.70 

2.726 

10.049 

4510 

6.495 

139.97 

D 

.174 

8.016 

3598 

5.181 

111.63 

L 

.357 

.692 

3901 

.618 

121.05 

F 

.242 

.268 

3711 

.344 

115.16 

S 

.306 

.501 

3815 

.494 

118.40 

26-INCH  PIPE 


83 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    to. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

2.920 

10.766 

4,832 

6.958 

140.25 

D 

.324 

8.569 

3,846 

5.538 

1  1  1  .  63 

L 

.538 

9.361 

4,201 

6  .  050 

121.94 

F 

.405 

8.866 

3,979 

5.730 

115.52 

S 

.491 

9.183 

4,122 

.935 

119.64 

K 

0.90 

3.102 

11.435 

5,132 

7.391 

140.47 

D 

2  .  465 

9.089 

4,080 

5.874 

111.63 

L 

.710 

.993 

4,485 

6.458 

122.73 

F 

.561 

.443 

4,238 

.103 

116.00 

S 

.666 

.830 

4,412 

.353 

120.75 

K 

1.0  ' 

3.273 

12.069 

5,417 

7.800 

140.65 

D 

2.598 

9.581 

4,300 

6.192 

111.63 

L 

.873 

10.595 

4,755 

.848 

123.44 

F 

.708 

9.986 

4,482 

.454 

116.37 

S 

.834 

10.447 

4,689 

.752 

121.74 

K 

1.5 

4.024 

14.838 

6,660 

9  .  590 

141.18 

D 

3.182 

11.734 

5,267 

7  .  584 

111.63 

L 

.598 

13.268 

5,955 

8.576 

126.23 

F 

.345 

12.334 

5,536 

7.972 

117.36 

S 

.582 

13.206 

5,927 

8.535 

125.66 

K 

2.0 

4  .  656 

17.166 

7,705 

11.095 

141.45 

D 

3.674 

13.549 

6,081 

8.757 

111.63 

L 

4.211 

15.565 

6,986 

10.060 

128.24 

F 

3.879 

14.303 

6,420 

9  .  245 

117.86 

,  s 

4.230 

15.596 

7,000 

10.079 

128.51 

K 

3.0 

5.713 

21.065 

9,454 

13.614 

141.73 

D 

4  .  500 

16.594 

7,448 

10.725 

111.63 

L 

5  .  286 

19.493 

8,749 

12.599 

131.13 

F 

4.772 

17.594 

7,895 

11.368 

1  18  .  38 

S 

5.347 

19.714 

8,848 

12.741 

132.64 

K 

4.0 

6  .  603 

24.347 

10,928 

15.736 

141.86 

D 

5.196 

19.161 

8,600 

12.384 

111.63 

L 

6.201 

22.868 

10,264 

14.780 

133.22 

F 

5.540 

20.427 

9,168 

13.202 

119.02 

S 

6.314 

23.281 

10,449 

15.047 

135.65 

K 

5.0 

7.353 

27.237 

12,225 

17.603 

141.95 

D 

5.810 

21.423 

9,615 

13.846 

111.63 

L 

7.019 

25.884 

11,617 

16.729 

134.87 

F 

6  .  230 

22.966 

10,308 

14.843 

119.69 

S 

7.184 

26.486 

11,888 

17.118 

138.04 

K 

6.0 

8.095 

29.848 

13,397 

19.291 

142.00 

D 

6.364 

23.468 

10,533 

15.167 

111  .63 

L 

7.767 

28  .  639 

12,854 

18.510 

136.23 

F 

6.854 

25.270 

11,342 

16.332 

120.22 

S 

7.982 

29.430 

12,908 

18.588 

140.01 

84 


26-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

7.0 

8.746 

32.245 

14,473 

20.841 

142.03 

D 

6.874 

25.348 

11,377 

16.382 

111.63 

L 

8.460 

31.197 

14,003 

20.  163 

137.39 

F 

7.437 

27.418 

12,306 

17.721 

120.77 

S 

8.726 

32.173 

14,440 

20.794 

141.71 

K 

8.0 

9.352 

34.482 

15,476 

22.286 

142   07 

D 

7.349 

27  .  099 

12,163 

17.514 

1  1  1  .  63 

L 

9.111 

33.598 

15,080 

21  .714 

138.40 

F 

7.959 

29  .  345 

13,171 

18.966 

120.91 

S 

9.426 

34.755 

15,599 

22.462 

143.19 

K 

9.0 

9.921 

36.580 

16,418 

23.642 

142.09 

D 

7.794 

29.411 

13,201 

19.009 

111.63 

L 

9.726 

35.866 

16,098 

23.  181 

139.30 

F 

8.461 

31.196 

14,002 

20.  162 

121  .18 

S 

10.090 

37.203 

16,698 

24.045 

144.52 

K 

10.0 

10.459 

38.563 

17,308 

24.924 

142.11 

D 

8.216 

30.297 

13,598 

19.581 

1  1  1  .  63 

L 

10.312 

38.027 

17,067 

24.577 

140.11 

F 

8.929 

32.921 

14,776 

21.277 

121  .32 

S 

10.724 

39.539 

17,746 

25.554 

145.71 

K 

11.0 

10.971 

40.450 

18,155 

26.143 

142.13 

D 

8.617 

31.776 

14,262 

20.537 

111.63 

L 

10.872 

40.093 

17,994 

25.912 

140.84 

F 

9.374 

34.560 

15,511 

22.336 

121  .43 

S 

11.331 

41.778 

18,751 

27.002 

146.80 

K 

12.0 

11.460 

42.252 

18,964 

27.308 

142.14 

D 

9.000 

33.188 

14,896 

21.450 

111  .63 

L 

11.410 

42.077 

18,885 

27.194 

141  .53 

F 

9.824 

36.221 

16,257 

23.410 

121.85 

S 

11.915 

43.933 

19,718 

28.394 

147.80 

K 

13.0 

11.929 

43.981 

19,740 

28.425 

142.15 

D 

9.368 

34.543 

15,504 

22.326 

111.63 

L 

11.929 

43.988 

19,743 

28.429 

142.15 

F 

10.225 

37.700 

16,921 

24.366 

121.85 

S 

12.480 

46.014 

20,652 

29.739 

148.72 

K 

14.0 

12.380 

45.644 

20,486 

29  .  500 

142.16 

D 

9.721 

35.847 

16,089 

23.169 

111.63 

L 

12.430 

45.834 

20,571 

29.623 

142.73 

F 

10.626 

39.177 

17,584 

25.320 

122.02 

S 

13.026 

48.027 

21,556 

31.041 

149.58 

K 

15.0 

12.815 

47.250 

21,207 

30.538 

142.17 

D 

10.062 

37.106 

16,654 

23.982 

111  .63 

L 

12.915 

47.623 

21,375 

30.779 

143.27 

F 

10.999 

40.553 

17,787 

25.613 

122.02 

S 

13.556 

49.982 

22,433 

32.304 

150.39 

26-INCH   PIPE 


85 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 

g3F  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

16.0 

13.236 
10.392 
13.385 
11.373 
14.072 

48.799 
38.323 
49.361 
41.931 
51.883 

21,902 
17,200 
22,154 
18,820 
23,286 

31.539 
24.768 
31.902 
27.100 
33.532 

142.17 
111.63 
143.78 
122.16 
151.15 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

17.0 

13.644 
10.712 
13.844 
11.723 
14.573 

50.304 
39.502 
51.050 
43.221 
53.723 

22,578 
17,729 
22,912 
19,399 
24,116 

32.512 
25.531 
32.993 
27.934 
34.727 

142.18 
111.63 
144.26 
122.16 
151.87 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

18.0 

14.037 
11.020 
14.290 
12.060 
15.063 

51.752 
40.638 
52.695 
44.464 
55.537 

23,228 
18,240 
23,651 
19,957 
24,926 

33.448 
26  .  265 
34.057 
28.738 
35.894 

142.18 
111.63 
144.75 
122.16 
152.58 

K 
D 
L 
F 

19.0 

14.425 
11.325 
14.725 
12.407 

53.186 
41.758 
54.301 

45.747 

23,872 
18,742 
24,371 
20,532 

34.375 
26.989 
35.094 
29.567 

142.19 
111.63 
145.15 
122.31 

K 
D 
L 
F 

20.0 

14.801 
11.619 
15.150 
12.730 

54.570 
42.847 
55.868 
46.957 

24,493 
19,231 
25,075 
21,066 

35.269 
27.692 
36.108 
30.335 

142.20 
111.63 
145.56 
122.31 

K 
D 
F 

21.0 

15.166 
11.906 
13.059 

55.918 
43.897 
48.148 

25,098 
19,703 
21,611 

36.141 
28.371 
31.119 

142.20 
111.63 
122.44 

D 
F 

22.0 

12.186 
13.367 

44.930 
49.282 

20,166 
22,119 

29.039 
31.856 

111.63 
122.44 

D 
F 

23.0 

12.460 
13.683 

45.940 
50.449 

20,619 
22,643 

29.691 
32.620 

111.63 
122.59 

D 
F 

24.0 

12.723 
13.994 

46.929 
51.596 

21,063 
23,157 

30.330 
33.347 

111.63 
122.73 

D 
F 

25.0 

12.990 
14.282 

47.896 
52.659 

21,497 
23,629 

30.956 
34.026 

111.63 
122.73 

D 
F 

30.0 

14.230 
15.701 

52.467 
57.888 

23,549 
25,982 

33.910 
37.414 

111.63 
123.17 

D 

40.0 

16.432 

60.584 

27,192 

39.157 

111.63 

86 


28-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  &. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.002 

4.283 

1922 

2.768 

131  .13 

D 

0.854 

3.651 

1639 

.359 

111.78 

L 

.843 

.603 

1617 

.329 

110.33 

F 

.862 

.686 

1654 

.382 

112.86 

S 

.782 

.344 

1500 

.161 

102.39 

K 

0.12 

1.112 

4.756 

2135 

3.146 

132.94 

D 

0.935 

3.999 

1795 

2  .  585 

111.78 

L 

.932 

.987 

1790 

.577 

111.45 

F 

.946 

4.046 

1816 

.615 

113.08 

S 

.869 

3.716 

1668 

.402 

103.86 

K 

0.15 

1.262 

5.395 

2422 

3.487 

134.88 

D 

.046 

4.471 

2007 

2.890 

111.78 

L 

.055 

.513 

2026 

.917 

112.82 

F 

.059 

.532 

2034 

.929 

113.31 

S 

0.989 

.228 

1897 

.732 

105.69 

K 

0.20 

1.479 

6.326 

2839 

4.088 

136.96 

D 

.207 

5.163 

2318 

3.337 

111.78 

L 

.238 

.294 

2376 

.422 

114.62 

F 

.230 

.260 

2361 

.399 

113.88 

S 

.167 

4.992 

2241 

.226 

108.08 

K 

0.30 

1.884 

8.057 

3616 

5.207 

139.18 

D 

.479 

6.323 

2838 

4.087 

111.78 

L 

.551 

.630 

2976 

.285 

117.21 

F 

.520 

.501 

2918 

.202 

114.92 

S 

.476 

.311 

2832 

.079 

111.56 

K 

0.40 

2.144 

9.168 

4115 

5.926 

140.36 

D 

1.708 

7.301 

3277 

4.719 

111.78 

L 

.819 

.778 

3491 

5  .  027 

119.08 

F 

.761 

.530 

3380 

4.867 

115.28 

S 

.743 

.452 

3345 

.817 

114.09 

K 

0.50 

2.410 

10.304 

4625 

6  .  659 

141.09 

D 

1.909 

8.  163 

3664 

5.276 

111.78 

L 

2  .  059 

.803 

3951 

.690 

1  20  .  55 

F 

1.977 

.454 

3794 

.464 

115.76 

S 

.983 

.478 

3805 

.480 

116.09 

K 

0.60 

2.649 

11.327 

5084 

7.321 

141  .£9 

D 

.091 

8.942 

4014 

5.780 

111.78 

L 

.279 

9.751 

4372 

6.296 

121  .76 

F 

.173 

.290 

4169 

.004 

116.12 

S 

.203 

.421 

4228 

.089 

117.76 

K 

0.70 

2.868 

12.205 

5505 

7.927 

141.94 

D 

.259 

9  .  659 

4335 

6.243 

111.78 

L 

.482 

10.611 

4763 

.858 

122.80 

F 

.356 

.076 

4533 

.527 

116.61 

S 

.409 

.298 

4622 

.658 

119.  19 

28-INCH  PIPE 


87 


DlSCHAKGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

3.072 

13.136 

5,896 

8.490 

142.21 

D 

2.415 

10.325 

4,634 

6.674 

111.78 

L 

.672 

11.427 

5,129 

7.386 

123.70 

F 

.530 

10.818 

4,855 

6.992 

117.11 

S 

.602 

11.125 

4,993 

7.190 

120.43 

K 

0.90 

3.263 

13.954 

6,263 

9.019 

142.43 

D 

2.561 

10.951 

4,916 

7.078 

111.78 

L 

.853 

12.  199 

5,475 

.884 

124.51 

F 

.689 

11.498 

5,161 

.431 

117.36 

S 

.785 

.909 

5,345 

.697 

121.55 

K 

1.0 

3.444 

14.727 

6,610 

9.518 

142.60 

D 

2.700 

11.544 

5,181 

7.461 

111.78 

L 

3  .  025 

12.933 

5,805 

8.359 

125.23 

F 

2.841 

.146 

5,452 

7  .  850 

117.61 

S 

.960 

.656 

5,681 

8.180 

122.55 

K 

1.5 

4.234 

18.103 

8,125 

11.700 

143.12 

D 

3.307 

14.139 

6,346 

9.138 

111.78 

L 

.788 

16.197 

7,270 

10.469 

128.05 

F 

.506 

14.989 

6,728 

9.688 

118.51 

3 

.742 

16.036 

7,198 

10.364 

126.49 

K 

2.0 

4.897 

20.941 

9,399 

13.534 

143.38 

D 

3.818 

16.326 

7,328 

10.552 

111.78 

L 

4.444 

19.001 

8,528 

12.281 

130.10 

F 

.070 

17.404 

7,811 

11.248 

119.16 

S 

.419 

18.894 

8,480 

12.211 

129.36 

K 

3.0 

6.009 

25.694 

11,532 

16.606 

143.64 

D 

4.676 

19.995 

8,975 

12.923 

111.78 

L 

5.565 

23.797 

10,681 

15.380 

133.03 

F 

.013 

21  .433 

9,620 

13.852 

119.82 

S 

.586 

23.884 

10,720 

15.436 

133.52 

K 

4.0 

6.945 

29  .  697 

13,329 

19.195 

143.78 

D 

5.400 

23.089 

10,363 

14.922 

111.78 

L 

6.529 

27.916 

12,530 

18.043 

135.15 

F 

5.821 

24.883 

11,168 

16.082 

120.49 

S 

6.596 

28.205 

12,660 

18.229 

136.55 

K 

5.0 

7.769 

33  .  220 

14,910 

21.470 

143.85 

D 

6.037 

25.814 

11,586 

16.684 

111.78 

L 

7.390 

31.597 

14,182 

20.422 

136.82 

F 

6  .  530 

27.922 

12,532 

18.046 

120.91 

S 

7.504 

32.089 

14,402 

20.739 

138.95 

K 

6.0 

8.514 

36.404 

16,339 

23.528 

143.90 

D 

6.614 

28.281 

12,693 

18.278 

111.78 

L 

8.176 

34.961 

15,691 

22  .  596 

138.20 

F 

7.186 

30.726 

13,791 

19.859 

121.46 

S 

8.338 

35  .  655 

16,003 

23.044 

140.94 

38-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

" 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 

per  Sec. 

.   D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

9.198 

39.332 

17,694 

25.479 

143.94 

D 

7.143 

30.543 

13,708 

19.740 

111.78 

L 

8.907 

38.084 

17,093 

24.614 

139.38 

F 

7.788 

33.303 

14,947 

21.524 

121.88 

S 

9.032 

38.977 

17,494 

25.191 

142.64 

K 

8.0 

9.835 

42.055 

18,876 

27.181 

143.97 

D 

7.636 

32.652 

14,655 

21.103 

111.78 

L 

9.592 

41.015 

18,409 

26.508 

140.41 

F 

8.345 

35.685 

16,016 

23.063 

122.16 

S 

9.847 

42.105 

18,898 

27.213 

144.14 

K 

9.0 

10.434 

44.614 

20,024 

28.834 

144.00 

D 

8.099 

34.633 

15,544 

22.383 

111.78 

L 

10.240 

43.784 

19,652 

28.298 

141.32 

F 

8.882 

37.982 

17,047 

24.548 

122.59 

S 

10.540 

45.071 

20,229 

29.129 

145.47 

K 

10.0 

10.999 

47.033 

21,110 

30.398 

144.01 

D 

8.557 

36.506 

16,385 

23.594 

111.78 

L 

10.856 

46.422 

20,835 

30.002 

142.14 

F 

9.374 

40.083 

17,991 

25.906 

122.73 

S 

11.202 

47.902 

21,500 

30.959 

146.67 

K 

11.0 

11.538 

49.334 

22,143 

31.885 

144.03 

D 

8.954 

38.200 

17,185 

24.746 

111.78 

L 

11.446 

48.943 

21,967 

31.632 

142.88 

F 

9.855 

42.139 

18,913 

27.235 

123.02 

S 

11.836 

50.614 

22,717 

32.712 

147.76 

K 

12.0 

12.051 

51.531 

23,129 

33.305 

144.04 

D 

9.352 

39.991 

17,949 

25.846 

111.78 

L 

12.012 

51.365 

23,054 

33.198 

143.58 

F 

10.293 

44.012 

19,754 

28.445 

123.02 

S 

12.447 

53.225 

23,889 

34.400 

148.76 

K 

13.0 

12  .  544 

53.639 

24,075 

34.667 

144.05 

D 

9.734 

41.623 

18,682 

26.901 

111.78 

L 

12.558 

53.698 

24,101 

34.677 

144.21 

F 

10.725 

45.863 

20,584 

29.642 

123.17 

S 

13.037 

55.745 

25,020 

36.029 

149.70 

K 

14.0 

13.019 

55.667 

24,985 

35.979 

144.06 

D 

10.102 

43.194 

19,387 

27.917 

111.78 

F 

13.085 

55.952 

25,113 

36.163 

144.80 

[L 

11.131 

47.594 

21,361 

30.760 

123.17 

S 

13.607 

58.186 

26,116 

37.606 

150.58 

K 

15.0 

13.477 

57.626 

25,864 

37.244 

144.07 

D 

10.456 

44.712 

20,068 

28.897 

111.78 

L 

13.596 

58.136 

26,093 

37  .  574 

145.34 

F 

11.522 

49.265 

22,112 

31.841 

123.17 

S 

14.161 

60.554 

27,116 

39.137 

151.39 

38-INCH  PIPE 


89 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S.    ' 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

16.0 

13.919 
10.799 
14.092 
11.899 
14.700 

59.517 
46.177' 
60.258 
50.881 
62.855 

26,775 
20,725 
27,045 
22,837 
28,211 

38.555 
29.845 
38.945 
32.884 
40  .  624 

144.07 
111.78 
145.86 
123.17 
152.15 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

17.0 

14.347 
11.131 
14.574 
12.265 
15.224 

61.349 
47.598 
62.319 
52.446 
65.097 

27,535 
21,363 
27,971 
23,539 
29,217 

39.651 
30.763 
40.278 
33.896 
42.073 

144.08 
111.78 
146.35 
123.17 
152.87 

K 
D 
L 
F     , 

18.0 

14.764 
11.454 
15.044 
12.621 

63.132 
48.980 
64.328 
53.967 

28,335 
21,983 
28,872 
24,222 

40  .  803 
31.656 
41.575 
34.880 

144.08 
111.78T 
146.81 
123.17 

K 
D 
F 

19.0 

15.169 
11.768 
12.967 

64.865 
50.321 
55.446 

29,113 
22,585 
24,886 

41.923 
32.523 
35.835 

144.09 
111.78 
123.17 

D 
F 

20.0 

12.074 
13.304 

51.628 
56.887 

23,172 
25,532 

33.368 
36.766 

111.78 
123.17 

D 
F 

21.0 

12.372 
13.648 

52.902 
58.358 

23,744 
26,193 

34.191 
37.709 

111.78 
123.31 

D 
F 

22.0 

12.663 
13.986 

54.148 
59.804 

24,303 
26,842 

34.996 
38.652 

111.78 
123.46 

D 
F 

23.0 

12.948 
14.334 

55.364 
61.293 

24,849 
27,510 

35.783 
39.614 

111.78 
123.75 

D 
F 

24.0 

13.226 
14.660 

56.556  - 
62  .  687 

25,384 
28,136 

36.806 
40.515 

111.78 
123.90 

D 
F 

25.0 

13.499 
14.980 

57.722 
64.055 

25,907 
28,750 

37.306 
41.399 

111.78 
124.04 

D 
F 

30.0 

14.787 
16.469 

63.231 
70.422 

28,380 
31,608 

40.867 
45.515 

111.78 
124.49 

D 

40.0 

17.075 

73.013 

32,770 

47.189 

111.78 

90 


30-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.054 

5.173 

2322 

3.343 

133.29 

D 

0.885 

4.343 

1949 

2.807 

111.91 

L 

.884 

.340 

1948 

.805 

111.82 

F 

.901 

.424 

1986 

.  859 

113.99 

S 

.810 

3.976 

1785 

.570 

102.45 

K 

0.12 

1.170 

5.741 

2577 

3.711 

135.05 

D 

0.969 

4.757 

2135 

.075 

111.91 

L 

.978 

.802 

2155 

.103 

112.95 

F 

.989 

.969 

2230 

.211 

114.22 

S 

.900 

.418 

1983 

2.855 

103.92 

K 

0.15 

1.326 

6.509 

2922 

4.207 

136.94 

D 

.084 

5.319 

2387 

3.438 

111.91 

L 

.107 

.435 

2439 

.513 

114.34 

F 

.107 

.434 

2439 

.512 

114.34 

S 

.024 

.026 

2256 

.248 

105.74 

K 

0.20 

1  .  553 

7  .  625 

3423 

4.928 

138.94 

D 

.251 

6.142 

2757 

3.970 

111.91 

L 

.299 

.376 

2862 

4.  121 

116.17 

F 

.285 

.307 

2831 

.077 

114.92 

S 

.209 

5.935 

2664 

3.836 

1C8.14 

K 

0.30 

1.932 

9.484 

4257 

6.130 

141  .10 

D 

.532 

7  .  522 

3376 

4.862 

111  .91 

L 

.627 

.985 

3584 

5.161 

118.79 

F 

.585 

.781 

3492 

.029 

115.76 

S 

.528 

.502 

3368 

4.849 

111.62 

K 

0.40 

2.249 

11.040 

4955 

7.135 

142.24 

D 

1.769 

8.686 

3898 

5.744 

111.91 

L 

.908 

9.367 

4204 

6  .  054 

120.68 

F 

.844 

.051 

4062 

5.850 

116.61 

S 

.805 

8.864 

3977 

.726 

114.15 

K 

0.50 

2.527 

12.404 

5567 

8.017 

142.94 

D 

1.978 

9.711 

4359 

6.279 

111.91 

L 

2.160 

10.602 

4758 

.852 

122.17 

F 

.068 

.151 

4556 

.561 

116.98 

3 

.054 

.080 

4524 

.515 

116.16 

K 

0.60 

2  .  775 

13.622 

6114 

8.804 

143.30 

D 

.167 

10.638 

4775 

6.876 

111.91 

L 

.390 

11.731 

5265 

7  .  582 

123.40 

F 

.278 

.181 

5018 

.226 

117.61 

3 

.282 

.174 

5027 

.239 

117.82 

K 

0.70 

3.007 

14.761 

6625 

9  .  540 

143.77 

D 

2.341 

11.490 

5157 

7.426 

111.91 

L 

.603 

12.778 

5735 

8  .  259 

124.46 

F 

.471 

.128 

5443 

7.838 

118.12 

S 

.494 

.242 

5495 

.912 

119.23 

30  INCH  PIPE 


91 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocfty 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UCJ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  p. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

3.221 

15.808 

7,095 

10.217 

144.03 

D 

2.502 

12.283 

5,513 

7.939 

111.91 

L 

.804 

13.761 

6,177 

8.894 

125.38 

F 

.653 

13.022 

5,845 

8.416 

118.63 

S 

.692 

13.214 

5,931 

8.541 

120.39 

K 

0.90 

3.421 

16.792 

7,536 

10.853 

144.23 

D 

2.654 

13.028 

5,848 

8.421 

111.91 

L 

.993 

14.691 

6,594 

9.495 

126.19 

F 

.817 

13.827 

6,206   ' 

8.936 

118.77 

S 

.884 

14.159 

6,355 

9.151 

121.62 

K 

1.0 

3.610 

17.721 

7,953 

1  1  .  453 

144.40 

D 

2.798 

13.733 

6,164 

8.876 

111.91 

L 

3.173 

15.540 

6,990 

10.066 

126.92 

F 

2.979 

14.623 

6,563 

9.451 

119.16 

S 

3.065 

15.047 

6,754 

9.725 

122.62 

K 

1.5 

4.437 

21.778 

9,775 

14.076 

144.90 

D 

3.427 

16.820 

7,549 

10.871 

111.91 

L 

.974 

19.510 

8,755 

12.607 

129.78 

F 

.681 

18.070 

8,110 

11.679 

120.22 

S 

.875 

19.022 

8,538 

12.294 

126.56 

K 

2.0 

5.132 

25.191 

11,306 

16.281 

145.15 

D 

3  .  957 

19.420 

8,717 

12.553 

111.91 

L 

4.662 

22.883 

10,271 

14.790 

131.85 

F 

.275 

20.984 

9,418 

13.559 

120.91 

S 

.576 

22.463 

10,082 

14.518 

129.43 

K 

3.0 

6.296 

30.906 

13,872 

19.975 

145.40 

D 

4.846 

23.787 

10,676 

15.374 

111.91 

L 

5.838 

28  .  658 

12,863 

18.522 

134.83 

F 

.258 

25.811 

11,585 

16.682 

121.43 

S 

.785 

28.396 

12,745 

18.353 

133.59 

K 

4.0 

7.277 

35.719 

16,032 

23.086 

145.53 

D 

5  .  596 

27.467 

12,328 

17.752 

111.91 

L 

6.849 

33.619 

15,089 

21  .729 

136.98 

F 

.115 

30.018 

13,473 

19.401 

122.30 

S 

.831 

33.534 

15,051 

21.673 

136.63 

K 

5.0 

8.140 

39  .  957 

17,934 

25  .  825 

145.61 

D 

6.256 

30.710 

13,783 

19.848 

111.91 

L 

7  .  752 

38  .  050 

17,079 

24  .  594 

138.67 

F 

6.853 

33  .  640 

15,098 

21.742 

122.59 

S 

7.772 

38.150 

17,123 

24  .  656 

139.02 

K 

6.0 

8.920 

43.785 

19,652 

28.298 

145.66 

D 

6.853 

33  .  640 

15,099 

21  .742 

111.91 

L 

8.577 

42.104 

18,897 

27.212 

140.07 

F 

7.543 

37.024 

16,617 

23.929 

123.17 

S 

8.636 

42  .  390 

19,026 

27.397 

141.02 

92 


30-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

£ 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  Q. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

9.637 

47.305 

21,232 

30.574 

145.70 

D 

7.402 

36.335 

16,308 

23.484 

111.91 

L 

9.344 

45.865 

20,585 

29.643 

141.26 

F 

8.166 

40.085 

17,991 

25.907 

123.46 

S 

9.440 

46.340 

20,799 

29.950 

142.72 

K 

8.0 

10.304 

50.581 

22,702 

32.690 

145.72 

D 

7.913 

38.844 

17,434 

25.106 

111.91 

L 

10.062 

49.393 

22,169 

31.924 

142.30 

F 

8.761 

43.006 

19,303 

27.795 

123.90 

8 

10.198 

50.059 

22,468 

32.353 

144.22 

K 

9.0 

10.931 

53.657 

24,083 

34.680 

145.75 

D 

8.413 

41.295 

18,534 

26.690 

111.91 

L 

10.742 

52.729 

23,666 

34.079 

143.23 

F 

9.315 

45.722 

20,522 

29.551 

124.19 

S 

10.916 

53.584 

24,050 

34.631 

145.54 

K 

10.0 

11.524 

56  .  567 

25,388 

36.560 

145.76 

D 

8.847 

43.429 

19,492 

28.133 

111.91 

L 

11.389 

55.905 

25,091 

36.132 

144.06 

F 

9.854 

48.371 

21,710 

31.262 

124.64 

S 

11.602 

56.951 

25,561 

36.808 

146.75 

K 

11.0 

12.087 

59.334 

26,631 

38.348 

145.78 

D 

9.279 

45.549 

20,443 

29.439 

111.91 

L 

12.007 

58.941 

26,455 

38.094 

144.81 

F 

10.348 

50.794 

22,798 

32.829 

124.80 

S 

12.259 

60.176 

27,009 

38.892 

147.84 

K 

12.0 

12.626 

61.977 

27,817 

40.056 

145.79 

D 

9.692 

47.574 

21,353 

30.747 

111.91 

L 

12.602 

61.858 

27,764 

39.908 

145.  51 

F 

10.808 

53.052 

23,811 

34.288 

124.80 

S 

12.891 

63.281 

28,337 

40.899 

148.86 

K 

13.0 

13.142 

64.151 

28,954 

41  .694 

145.80 

D 

10.087 

49.517 

22,224 

32.003 

111.91 

L 

13.174 

64.668 

29,025 

41  .795 

146.15 

F 

11.262 

55.284 

24,813 

35.731 

124.94 

S 

13.500 

66.269 

29,744 

42.830 

149.77 

K 

14.0 

13.639 

66.950 

30,049 

43  .  270 

145.81 

D 

10.468 

51.385 

23,063 

33.211 

111.91 

L 

13.727 

67.383 

30,243 

43  .  550 

146.75 

F 

11.688 

57.371 

25,750 

37.079 

124.94 

S 

14.093 

69.178 

31,049 

44.711 

150.67 

K 

15.0 

14.119 

69  .  305 

31,106 

44.792 

145.81 

D 

10.835 

53.190 

23,873 

34.377 

111.91 

L 

14.263 

70.013 

31,424 

45  .  250 

147.30 

F 

12.113 

59.458 

26,686 

38.428 

125.  10 

S 

14.666 

71.993 

32,016 

46.530 

151.47 

30-INCH  PIPE 


93 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
6er  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

16.0 

14.582 
11  .191 
14.783 
12.510 
15.224 

71.578 
54.934 
72.567 
61.407 
74.733 

32,126 
24,656 
32,570 
27,561 
33,542 

46.262 
35.504 
46.901 
39.688 
48  .  300 

145.82 
111.91 
147.83 
125.10 
152.24 

K 
D 
L 
F 

17.0 

15.031 
11.535 
15.289 
12.911 

73.784 
56.624 
75.050 
63.374 

33,116 
25,414 
33,684 
28,444 

47.687 
36.596 
48  .  505 
40.959 

145.82 
111.91 
148.33 
125.25 

K 
D 
L 
F 

18.0 

15.468 
11.870 
15.782 
13.285 

75.728 
58.267 
77.469 
65.212 

34,079 
26,152 
34,771 
29,269 

49  .  073 
37  .  658 
50.069 
42.147 

145.83 
111.91 
148.79 
125.25 

K 
D 
L 
F 

19.0 

15.892 
12.195 
16.262 
13.666 

78.012 
59.863 
79.829 
67  .  082 

35,014 
26,868 
35,829 
30,108 

50.420 
38.690 
51.595 
43.355 

145.84 
111.91 
149.23 
125.41 

K 
D 
L 
F 

20.0 

16.306 
12.512 
16.732 
14.021 

80.041 
61.419 
82.133 
68.823 

35,924 
27,566 
36,864 
30,890 

51.731 
39*.  695 
53.083 
44.482 

145.84 
111.91 
149.66 
125.41 

D 
F 

21.0 

12.821 
14.368 

62.933 
70.528 

28,246 
31,655 

40  .  674 
45.583 

111.91 
125.41 

D 
F 

22.0 

13.123 
14.723 

64.415 
72.270 

28,912 
32,437 

41.632 
46.709 

111.91 
125.56 

D 
F 

23.0 

13.414 
15.050 

65.847 
73  .  860 

29,554 
33,150 

42.558 
47.737 

111.91 
125.56 

D 

24.0 

13.706 

67.281 

30,198 

43.484 

111.91 

D 

25.0 

13.989 

68.667 

30,820 

44.380 

111.91 

D 

30.0 

15.324 

75.221 

33,761 

48.616 

111.91 

94 


33-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Ucj 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.   D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.106 

6.176 

2772 

3.992 

135.44 

D 

0.915 

5.108 

2293 

.302 

112.  C2 

L 

.924 

.164 

2318 

.337 

113.23 

F 

.940 

.252 

2357 

.394 

115.16 

8 

.844 

4.716 

2117 

.048 

103.41 

K 

0.12 

1.227 

6.851 

3075 

4.428 

137.15 

D 

.002 

5.596 

2517 

3.625 

112.02 

L 

.023 

.714 

2564 

.684 

114.37 

F 

.031 

.759 

2585 

.722 

115.28 

S 

0.938 

.204 

2336 

.363 

104.89 

0.15 

1  .  390 

7.762 

3484 

5.017 

138.98 

.120 

6.257 

2808 

4.044 

112.02 

L 

.158 

.467 

2902 

.180 

115.78 

F 

.155 

.450 

2895 

.169 

115.52 

S 

.067 

5.961 

2676 

3.853 

106.74 

K 

0.20 

1.627 

9.088 

4079 

5.874 

140.92 

D 

.294 

7.225 

3243 

4.669 

112.02 

L 

.358 

.586 

3405 

.903 

117.63 

F 

.341 

.489 

3361 

.840 

116.04 

S 

.261 

.040 

3160 

.550 

109.16 

K 

0.30 

2.022 

1  1  .  295 

5070 

7.300 

143.01 

D 

1  .  584 

8.848 

3971 

5.719 

112.02 

L 

.701 

9.499 

4264 

6.140 

120.28 

F 

.  654 

.240 

4147 

5.972 

116.98 

8 

.593 

8.899 

3994 

.752 

112.67 

K 

0.40 

2  .  353 

13.142 

5899 

8.494 

144.11 

D 

1.829 

10.216 

4586 

6.603 

112.02 

L 

.996 

11.  145 

5002 

7.203 

122.20 

F 

.916 

10.703 

4804 

6.918 

117.36 

S 

.882 

.509 

4717 

.653 

115.23 

K 

0.50 

2.643 

14.763 

6626 

9.764 

144.78 

D 

.045 

11.423 

5127 

7.383 

112.02 

L 

.259 

12.615 

5662 

8.153 

123.71 

F 

.154 

.031 

5400 

7.776 

117.99 

S 

.141 

11.956 

5366 

.727 

117.25 

K 

0.60 

2.902 

16.212 

7276 

10.476 

145.12 

D 

.241 

12.513 

5616 

8.087 

112.02 

L 

.499 

13.958 

6265 

9.022 

124.96 

F 

.373 

.251 

5948 

8.565 

118.63 

S 

.376 

.267 

5955 

.575 

118.77 

K 

0.70 

3.145 

17.563 

7883 

11.352 

145.58 

D 

2.420 

13.515 

6066 

8.735 

112.02 

L 

.722 

15.205 

6825 

9.827 

126.02 

F 

.577 

14.392 

6460 

.302 

119.29 

S 

.600 

.523 

6518 

.386 

120.37 

32-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

c 

K 

0.80 

3.368 

18.809 

8,462 

12.156 

145.83 

D 

2.587 

14.449 

6,485 

9.339 

112.02 

L 

.932 

16.375 

7,350 

10.583 

126.95 

F 

.764 

15.437 

6,929 

9.978 

119.69 

S 

.809 

15.689 

7,041 

10.139 

121.63 

K 

0.90 

3  .  577 

19.977 

8,966 

12.911 

146.03 

D 

2.744 

15.325 

6,878 

9.905 

112.02 

L 

3.130 

17.480 

7,846 

11.298 

127.77 

F 

2.934 

16.388 

7,356 

10.592 

119.79 

S 

3.007 

16.793 

7,537 

.854 

122.75 

K 

1.0 

3.774 

21.080 

9,462 

13.624 

146.19 

D 

2.892 

16.154 

7,251 

10.440 

112.02 

L 

3.318 

18.533 

8,318 

11.978 

128.52 

F 

.104 

17.338 

7,782 

.206 

120.23 

S 

.196 

17.809 

8,029 

.535 

123.77 

K 

1.5 

4.638 

25.903 

11,626 

16.741 

146.67 

D 

3  .  543 

19.785 

8,880 

12.787 

112.02 

L 

4.156 

23.210 

10,417 

1  5  .  00  1 

131.42 

F 

3.832 

21.403 

9,606 

13.833 

121.18 

S 

4.040 

22.562 

10,126 

14.582 

127.75 

K 

2.0 

5.364 

29.960 

13,446 

19.363 

146.91 

D 

4.091 

22.846 

10,253 

14.765 

112.02 

L 

.875 

27.292 

12,221 

17.598 

133.51 

F 

.449 

24.850 

11,153 

16.061 

121.85 

S 

.771 

26  .  644 

11,958 

17.220 

130.65 

K 

3.0 

6.581 

36.753 

16,496 

23.754 

147.15 

D 

5.010 

27.980 

12,558 

18.083 

112.02 

L 

6.106 

34.100 

15,305 

22.039 

136.52 

F 

5.482 

30.619 

13,743 

19  .  563 

122.59 

S 

6.031 

33.681 

15,117 

21.769 

134.85 

K 

4.0 

7.605 

42.475 

19,064 

27.452 

147.28 

D 

5.785 

32.308 

14,501 

20.881 

112.02 

L 

7.163 

40  .  004 

17,954 

25.854 

138.70 

F 

6.368 

35.564 

15,962 

22.985 

123.31 

S 

7.122 

39.774 

17,852 

25.706 

137.91 

K 

5.0 

8.507 

47  .  509 

21,323 

30.705 

147.34 

D 

6.468 

35.956 

16,212 

23.346 

112.02 

L 

8.107 

45.278 

20,322 

29.263 

140.41 

F 

7.153 

39.952 

17,932 

25.822 

123.90 

S 

8.102 

45.250 

20,310 

29.246 

140.33 

K 

6.0 

9.322 

52.065 

23,368 

33.650 

147.40 

D 

7.085 

39.570 

17,760 

25  .  574 

112.02 

L 

8.970 

50.099 

22,487 

32.380 

141.83 

F 

7.845 

43.817 

19,666 

28.319 

124.04 

S 

9.003 

50  .  279 

22,567 

32.496 

142.34 

96 


33-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

fooo 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

10.071 

56.251 

25,247 

36.355 

147.44 

D 

7.653 

42.740 

19,183 

27.623 

112.02 

L 

9.772 

54.574 

24,595 

35.272 

143.04 

F 

8.484 

47.384 

21,267 

30.625 

124.20 

8 

9.840 

54.960 

24,667 

35.521 

144.05 

K 

8.0 

10.768 

60.145 

26,994 

38.872 

147.46 

D 

8.181 

45.692 

20,507 

29.531 

112.02 

L 

10.523 

58.773 

26,379 

37.986 

144.09 

F 

9.081 

50.718 

22,764 

32.779 

124.34 

S 

10.631 

59.376 

26,650 

38.375 

145.57 

K 

9.0 

11.423 

63.803 

28,636 

41.236 

147.48 

D 

8.677 

48  .  463 

21,751 

31  .322 

112.02 

L 

11.234 

62.742 

28,160 

40.551 

145.03 

F 

9.655 

53.923 

24,202 

34.851 

124.64 

S 

11.380 

63.560 

28,527 

41.079 

146.92 

K 

10.0 

12.043 

67.262 

30,189 

43.472 

147.50 

D 

9.147 

51.084 

22,928 

33.016 

112.02 

L 

11  .910 

66.521 

29,857 

42.993 

145.87 

F 

10.227 

57.116 

25,635 

36.915 

125.25 

S 

12.095 

67.551 

30,319 

43.659 

148.13 

K 

11.0 

12.632 

70.552 

31,665 

45.598 

147.51 

D 

9.593 

53.578 

24,047 

34.628 

112.02 

L 

12.557 

70.134 

31,478 

45.328 

146.64 

F 

10.752 

60.051 

26,953 

38.812 

125.56 

S 

12.779 

71.376 

32,035 

46.131 

149.23 

K 

12.0 

13.194 

73.693 

33,075 

47.628 

147.52 

D 

10.019 

55.960 

25,116 

36.167 

112.02 

L 

13.179 

73  .  605 

33,036 

47.572 

147.35 

F 

11.244 

62.799 

28,186 

40.587 

125.71 

S 

13.439 

75.059 

33,689 

48.511 

150.25 

K 

13.0 

13.734 

76.708 

34,428 

49  .  577 

147.53 

D 

10.428 

58  .  245 

26,142 

37.648 

112.02 

L 

13.777 

76.948 

34,536 

49.732 

148.00 

F 

11.718 

65.443 

29,373 

42.296 

125.87 

S 

14.075 

78.613 

35,283 

50.808 

151.20 

K 

14.0 

14.253 

79.607 

35,730 

51.450 

147.54 

D 

10.822 

60.443 

27,128 

39.065 

112.02 

L 

14.356 

80.179 

35,986 

51  .820 

148.60 

F 

12.175 

67.996 

30,518 

43.946 

126.02 

S 

14.692 

82.054 

36,828 

53.032 

152.08 

K 

15.0 

14.755 

82.408 

36,987 

53.261 

147.55 

D 

11.202 

62.566 

28,081 

40.437 

112.02 

L 

14.916 

83.309 

37,391 

53  .  843 

149.16 

F 

12.602 

70.383 

31,590 

45  .  489 

126.02 

S 

15.289 

85.392 

38,327 

55.190 

152.89 

32-INCH   PIPE 


97 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

16.0 

15.239 
11.569 
15.460 
13.045 

85.112 
64.617 
86.547 
72.859 

38,200 
29,002 
38,755 
32,701 

55.008 
41.762 
55.807 
47  .  089 

147.55 
112.02 
149.70 
126.02 

D 
F 

17.0 

11.925 
13.432 

66.605 
75.021 

29,894 
33,671 

43.047 

48.487 

112.02 
126.18 

D 
F 

18.0 

12.271 
13.839 

68.537 
77.293 

30,761 
34,691 

44.296 
49.955 

112.02 
126.33 

D 
F 

19.0 

12.607 
14.219 

70.415 
79.411 

31,604 
35,642 

45.510 
51.324 

112.02 
126.33 

D 
F 

20.0 

12.935 
14.606 

72.245 
81.574 

32,425 
36,613 

46.692 
52.722 

112.02 
126.49 

D 
F 

21.0 

13.285 
15.000 

74.198 
83.778 

33,302 
37,602 

47.955 
54.146 

112.02 
126.49 

D 

22.0 

13.598 

75.945 

34,086 

49  .  084 

112.02 

D 

23.0 

13.903 

77.651 

34,852 

50.187 

112.02 

D 

24.0 

14.202 

79.323 

35,603 

51.266 

112.02 

D 

25.0 

14.495 

80.958 

36,420 

52.431 

112.02 

D 

30.0 

15.879 

88.685 

39,804 

57.450 

112.02 

98 


34-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

- 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

c 

K 

0.10 

1.155 

7.380 

3267 

4.705 

137.18 

D 

0.946 

5.950 

2670 

3.845 

112.12 

L 

.964 

6.080 

2729 

929 

114.58 

F 

.970 

.  117 

2745 

953 

115.28 

S 

.871 

5.492 

2465 

549 

103.49 

K 

0.12 

1.280 

8.071 

3622 

5.216 

138.84 

D 

.034 

6.522 

2927 

4.215 

112.12 

L 

.067 

.712 

3019 

.348 

116.00 

F 

.074 

.771 

3039 

.376 

116.49 

S 

0.964 

.080 

2729 

3.930 

104.60 

K 

0.15 

1.449 

9.139 

4102 

5.906 

140.62 

D 

.156 

7.287 

3270 

4.710 

112.12 

L 

.208 

.614 

3417 

.921 

117.16 

F 

.203 

.586 

3405 

.903 

116.74 

S 

.101 

6.942 

3116 

.487 

106.81 

K 

0.20 

1.696 

10.694 

4800 

6.912 

142.51 

D 

.334 

8.414 

3776 

5.438 

112.12 

L 

.417 

.932 

4009 

.773 

119.03 

F 

.398 

.816 

3957 

.698 

117.48 

S 

.300 

.198 

3679 

.298 

109.24 

K 

0.30 

2.107 

13.283 

5976 

8.605 

144.53 

D 

1.634 

10.305 

4625 

6.660 

112.12 

L 

.774 

11.186 

5021 

7.230 

121.71 

F 

.722 

10.856 

4872 

.016 

118.12 

3 

.644 

.3*63 

4651 

6.698 

112.76 

K 

0.40 

2.451 

15.451 

6935 

9.986 

145.60 

D 

1.887 

11.899 

5341 

7.690 

112.12 

L 

2.081 

13.123 

5890 

8.481 

123.65 

F 

.001 

12.617 

5663 

.155 

118.90 

S 

1.941 

.238 

5493 

7.909 

115.32 

K 

0.50 

2.752 

17.353 

7789 

11.216 

146.25 

D 

.110 

13.303 

5971 

8  .  598 

112.12 

L 

.356 

14.853 

6667 

9.600 

125.18 

F 

.247 

.169 

6360 

.158 

119.42 

S 

.208 

13.923 

6249 

8.998 

117.34 

K 

0.60 

3.024 

19.068 

8558 

12.324 

146.70 

D 

2.311 

14.573 

6541 

9.419 

112.12 

L 

.606 

16.434 

7376 

10.622 

126.44 

F 

.470 

15.573 

6990 

.065 

119.79 

S 

.453 

.468 

6942 

9.997 

119.01 

K 

0.70 

3.274 

20.641 

9264 

13.340 

147.03 

D 

2.497 

15.741 

7065 

10.173 

112.12 

L 

.839 

17.902 

8035 

11.570 

127.52 

F 

.680 

16.897 

7584 

10.920 

120.08 

S 

.682 

.911 

7590 

.930 

120.46 

34-INCH  PIPE 


99 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

3.514 

22.153 

9,943 

14.317 

147.27 

D 

2.669 

16.828 

7,553 

10.876 

112.12 

L 

3.058 

19.280 

8,653 

12.489 

128.46 

F 

2.881 

18.166 

8,154 

11.741 

121.04 

S 

.898 

.269 

8,200 

.807 

121.72 

K 

0.90 

3  .  723 

23.474 

10,536 

15.172 

147.46 

D 

2.831 

17.848 

8,011 

11.536 

112.12 

L 

3.264 

20.582 

9,259 

13.333 

129.29 

F 

.060 

19.291 

8,658 

12.467 

121.18 

S 

.102 

.555 

8,777 

.639 

122.85 

K 

1.0 

13.929 

24.769 

11,117 

16.009 

147.62 

D 

2.984 

18.814 

8,444 

12.160 

112.12 

L 

3.461 

21.821 

9,794 

14.103 

130.05 

F 

.236 

20.404 

9,158 

13.187 

121.60 

S 

.296 

.784 

9,328 

.432 

123.86 

K 

1.5 

4.827 

30.432 

13,659 

19.669 

148.08 

D 

3.655 

23.042 

10,342 

14.892 

112.12 

L 

4.334 

27.328 

12,265 

17.663 

132.98 

F 

3.996 

25.193 

11,307 

16.282 

122.59 

S 

4.167 

26.273 

11,792 

.980 

127.84 

K 

2.0 

5.582 

35.195 

15,797 

22.747 

148.31 

D 

4.220 

26  .  608 

11,942 

17.196 

112.12 

L 

5.085 

32.060 

14,389 

20.720 

135.10 

F 

4.636 

29.227 

13,118 

18.890 

123.17 

S 

.921 

31.026 

13,925 

20.053 

130.74 

K 

3.0 

6.848 

43.174 

19,378 

28  .  554 

148.55 

D 

5.168 

32  .  587 

14,626 

21.061 

112.12 

L 

6.368 

40.150 

18,020 

25.949 

138.15 

F 

5.718 

36.051 

16,181 

23.300 

124.04 

S 

6.220 

39.220 

17,603 

25.348 

134.95 

K 

4.0 

7.913 

49.893 

22,394 

32.246 

148.67 

D 

5.968 

37.628 

16,888 

24.319 

112.12 

L 

7.470 

47.101 

21,140 

30.441 

140.35 

F 

6.634 

41.829 

18,774 

27.035 

124.64 

S 

7.346 

46.317 

20,788 

29.935 

138.01 

K 

5.0 

8.851 

55.809 

25,049 

36.069 

148.74 

D 

6.672 

42.070 

18,882 

27.190 

112.12 

L 

8.455 

53.311 

23,927 

34  .  455 

142.08 

F 

7.444 

46.937 

21,067 

30.336 

125.10 

S 

8.357 

52.693 

23,650 

34  .  056 

140.44 

K 

6.0 

9.699 

61.155 

27.448 

39  .  525 

148.79 

D 

7.309 

46  .  085 

20.684 

29.786 

112.12 

L 

9.356 

58.988 

26,475 

38.124 

143.51 

F 

8.185 

51  .606 

23,162 

33  .  353 

125.56 

S 

9.286 

58  .  549 

26,279 

37.841 

142.45 

100 


34-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    to. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

10.479 

66.071 

29,655 

42.702 

148.83 

D 

7.895 

49.777 

22,341 

32.171 

112.12 

L 

10.191 

64.257 

28,841 

41.529 

144.74 

F 

8.862 

55.878 

25,080 

36.114 

125.87 

S 

10.152 

64.006 

28,728 

41.368 

144.17 

K 

8.0 

11.205 

70.645 

31,708 

45.658 

148.85 

D 

8.440 

53.215 

23,884 

34.393 

112.12 

L 

10.975 

69.200 

31,059 

44.725 

145.80 

F 

9.486 

59.810 

26,844 

38.655 

126.02 

S 

10.966 

69.142 

31,033 

44.687 

145.68 

K 

9.0 

11.886 

74.939 

33,635 

48.434 

148.87 

D 

8.952 

56.442 

25,333 

36.479 

112.12 

L 

11.716 

73.873 

33,156 

47.635 

146.75 

F 

10.086 

63.594 

28,543 

41.102 

126.33 

S 

11.738 

74.013 

33,219 

47.835 

147.03 

K 

10.0 

12.530 

79.002 

35,459 

51.060 

148.89 

D 

9.436 

59.495 

26,703 

38.452 

112.12 

L 

12.422 

78.323 

35,153 

50.621 

147.61 

F 

10.658 

67.202 

30,162 

43.433 

126.65 

S 

12.476 

78.661 

35,306 

50  .  839 

148.24 

K 

11.0 

13.143 

82.867 

37,193 

53  .  557 

148.90 

D 

9.897 

62.400 

28,007 

40.329 

112.12 

L 

13.097 

82  .  577 

37,063 

53  .  370 

148.38 

F 

11.193 

70.570 

31,674 

45.610 

126.81 

S 

13.182 

83.117 

37,305 

53.719 

149.35 

K 

12.0 

13.728 

86.557 

38,849 

55.042 

148.91 

D 

10.336 

65.174 

29,252 

42.122 

112.12 

L 

13.745 

86.664 

38,897 

56.012 

149.09 

F 

11.705 

73.801 

33,123 

47.698 

126.97 

S 

13.862 

87.404 

39,229 

56.490 

150.37 

K 

13.0 

14.289 

90.095 

40,437 

58.229 

148.92 

D 

10.758 

67.834 

30,446 

43.842 

112.12 

L 

14.369 

90.600 

40,664 

58.555 

149.75 

F 

12.  198 

76.910 

34,519 

49.707 

127.13 

S 

14.519 

91.542 

41,087 

59.165 

151.31 

K 

14.0 

14.830 

93.502 

41,966 

60.431 

148.93 

D 

11.164 

70.394 

31,595 

45.496 

112.12 

L 

14.973 

94.404 

42,371 

61  .014 

150.36 

F 

12.658 

79.812 

35,822 

51.583 

127.13 

S 

15.154 

95.550 

42,885 

61.755 

152.19 

K 

15.0 

15.351 

96.790 

43,442 

62  .  556 

148.94 

D 

11.557 

72.867 

32,704 

47.094 

112.12 

L 

15.557 

98.089 

44,025 

63.696 

150.93 

F 

13.120 

82.720 

37,127 

53.463 

127.29 

34-INCH   PIPE  101 


Fall 

Mean 

] 

DISCHARGE 

-4-4-^  '  

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

c 

D 
F 

16.0 

11.936 
13.550 

75.256 
85.432 

33,777 
38,344 

48.638 
55.215 

112.12 
127.29 

D 
F 

17.0 

12.303 
13.984 

77.571 
88.170 

34,816 
39,574 

50.135 
56.977 

112.12 
127.45 

D 
F 

18.0 

12.660 
14.408 

79.821 
90.843 

35,826 
40,773 

51.589 
58.712 

112.12 
127.61 

D 
F 

19.0 

13.007 

14.821 

82.009 
93.450 

36,808 
41,943 

53.003 
60.398 

112.12 

127.77 

D 
F 

20.0 

13.345 
15.226 

84.140 
96.002 

37,764 
43,088 

54.380 
62.047 

112.12 
127.93 

D 

21.0 

13.674 

86.215 

38,696 

55.721 

112.12 

D 

22.0 

13.993 

88.225 

39,598 

57.020 

112.12 

D 

23.0 

14.310 

90.228 

40,497 

58.315 

112.12 

D 

24.0 

14.618 

92.170 

41,369 

59.570 

112.12 

D 

25.0 

14.920 

94.070 

42,221 

60.798 

112.12 

D 

30.0 

16.344 

103.05 

46,251 

66.601 

112.12 

102 


36-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

1.203 

8  .  507 

3,818 

5.498 

128.  C6 

D 

0.972 

6.869 

3,083 

4  .  429 

112.21 

L 

1.003 

7.091 

3,183 

.584 

115.85 

F 

.022 

.223 

3,242 

.668 

117.99 

S 

0.900 

6.362 

2,855 

.112 

103.92 

K 

0.12 

1.334 

9.427 

4,231 

6.093 

140.  £8 

D 

.065 

7.525 

3,377 

4.863 

112.21 

L 

.110 

.847 

3,522 

5.072 

117.02 

F 

.119 

.912 

3,551 

.114 

117.99 

S 

.000 

.069 

3,173 

4.569 

105.41 

K 

0.15 

1.509 

10.669 

4,789 

6.895 

142.30 

D 

.190 

8.413 

3,776 

5.437 

112.21 

L 

.256 

.882 

3,986 

.740 

118.46 

F 

.256 

.875 

3,984 

.736 

118.38 

S 

.138 

.042 

3,609 

.197 

107.26 

K 

0.20 

1.765 

12.478 

5,600 

8.064 

144.13 

D 

.374 

9.715 

4,360 

6.279 

112.21 

L 

.474 

10.419 

4,676 

.734 

120.35 

F 

.463 

.339 

4,640 

.682 

119.42 

S 

.344 

9.497 

4,262 

.132 

109.70 

K 

0.30 

2.191 

15.490 

6,952 

10.011 

146.  C9 

D 

1.683 

11  .897 

5,340 

7.690 

112.21 

L 

.846 

13.048 

5,857 

8.434 

123.06 

F 

.801 

12.733 

5,715 

.229 

120.09 

S 

.698 

.004 

5,388 

7.759 

112.99 

K 

0.40 

2.548 

18.012 

8,084 

1  1  .  642 

147.12 

D 

1.944 

13.738 

6,166 

8.879 

112.21 

L 

2.166 

15.307 

6,870 

9.893 

125.03 

F 

.089 

14.769 

6,629 

.545 

120.63 

S 

.006 

.176 

6,363 

.163 

115.79 

K 

0.50 

2.861 

20.226 

9,078 

13.072 

147.75 

D 

.173 

15.360 

6,894 

9.928 

112.21 

L 

.451 

17.325 

7,776 

11.197 

126.57 

F 

.352 

16.626 

7,462 

10.745 

121.46 

S 

.283 

.137 

7,243 

.429 

117.89 

K 

0.60 

3.144 

22.220 

9,973 

14.361 

148.19 

D 

2.380 

16.826 

7,552 

10.874 

112.21 

L 

.712 

19.170 

8,604 

12.390 

127.85 

F 

.589 

18.297 

8,212 

11.825 

122.02 

S 

.535 

17.921 

8,043 

.566 

119.52 

K 

0.70 

3.403 

94.151 

10,795 

15.544 

148.50 

D 

2.571 

18.174 

8,  1  57 

11.746 

112.21 

L 

.954 

20.882 

9,372 

13.497 

128.94 

F 

.812 

19.878 

8,922 

12.847 

1  22  .  73 

S 

.772 

.591 

8,793 

.662 

120.96 

36-INCH   PIPE 


103 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

* 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  &. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

3.643 

25.752 

11,558 

16.644 

148.73 

D 

2.749 

19.429 

8,720 

12.557 

112.21 

L 

3.182 

22.489 

10,094 

14.535 

129.89 

F 

.017 

21.326 

9,572 

13.783 

123.17 

S 

2.994 

.163 

9,499 

.678 

122.23 

K 

0.90 

3.869 

27  .  348 

12,275 

17.675 

148.92 

D 

2.915 

20.607 

9,249 

13.318 

112.21 

L 

3.397 

24  .  008 

10,776 

15.517 

130.73 

F 

.204 

22.645 

10,164 

14.636 

123.31 

S 

.205 

.653 

10,168 

.641 

123.36 

K 

1.0 

4.082 

28.857 

12,952 

18.651 

149.07 

D 

3.073 

21.722 

9,747 

14.039 

112.21 

L 

.601 

25.454 

11,424 

16.451 

131.49 

F 

.389 

23.956 

10,752 

15.483 

123.75 

S 

.407 

24.082 

10,809 

.564 

124.40 

K 

1.5 

5.015 

35.450 

15,911 

22.912 

149.52 

D 

3.764 

26.604 

11,941 

17.195 

112.21 

L 

4.510 

31.878 

14,307 

20  .  603 

134.45 

F 

.181 

29.552 

12,267 

19.100 

124.64 

S 

.306 

30.435 

13,660 

.671 

128.37 

K 

2.0 

5.800 

40.995 

18,400 

26.495 

149.74 

D 

4.346 

30.720 

13,788 

19.854 

112.21 

L 

5.291 

37.396 

16,784 

24.169 

136.60 

F 

4.845 

34.248 

15,371 

22.  135 

125.10 

S 

5.085 

35.942 

16,132 

23.230 

131.29 

K 

3.0 

7.114 

50.285 

22,570 

32.500 

149.97 

D 

5.323 

37.624 

16,887 

24.317 

112.21 

L 

6.626 

46.833 

21,021 

30.270 

139.68 

F 

5.971 

42  .  203 

18,942 

27.276 

125.87 

S 

6.428 

45.434 

20,392 

29.364 

135.50 

K 

4.0 

8.221 

58.109 

26,081 

37.556 

150.09 

D 

6.146 

43.444 

19,499 

28.078 

112.21 

L 

7.773 

54.941 

24,659 

35.509 

141.91 

F 

6.928 

48.971 

21,980 

31.651 

126.49 

S 

7.591 

53.655 

24,082 

34.678 

138.58 

K 

5.0 

9.195 

64.998 

29,173 

42.009 

150.16 

D 

6.872 

48.572 

21,801 

31.393 

112.21 

L 

8.798 

62.185 

27,911 

40.191 

143.66 

F 

7.775 

54.959 

24,667 

35.521 

126.97 

S 

8.636 

61.041 

27,397 

39.451 

141.02 

K 

6.0 

10.076 

71.223 

31,967 

46.032 

150.22 

D 

7.528 

53  .  208 

23,881 

34.389 

112.21 

L 

9.734 

68.807 

30,882 

44.470 

145.11 

F 

8.549 

60.431 

27,123 

39  .  057 

127.45 

S 

9.595 

67.825 

30,442 

43.826 

143.04 

104 


36-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

iii  P"eet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

• 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

10.886 

76.947 

34,536 

49.731 

150.24 

D 

8.130 

57.471 

25,795 

37.144 

112.21 

L 

10.603 

74.953 

33,641 

48.443 

146.34 

F 

9.246 

65.355 

29,333 

42.240 

127.61 

S 

10.490 

74.147 

33,279 

47.921 

.  144.77 

K 

8.0 

1  1  .  639 

82.276 

36,926 

53.173 

150.26 

D 

8.692 

61.440 

27,576 

39.709 

112.21 

L 

11  .419 

80.720 

36,229 

52.  170 

147.42 

F 

9.921 

70.126 

31,475 

45.323 

128.08 

S 

11.331 

80.096 

35,949 

51.767 

146.28 

K 

9.0 

12.347 

87.275 

39,171 

56.407 

150.28 

D 

9.219 

65.166 

29,248 

42.  113 

112.21 

L 

12.  191 

86.171 

38,676 

55  .  693 

148.38 

F 

10.537 

74.484 

33,430 

48.  140 

128.26 

s- 

12.130 

85.739 

38,482 

55.414 

147.64 

K 

10.0 

13.016 

92.005 

41,294 

59.463 

150.30 

D 

9.718 

68.692 

30,831 

44  .  395 

112.21 

L 

12.925 

91.361 

41,005 

59  .  048 

149.24 

F 

11.122 

78.614 

35,284 

50  .  809 

128.42 

S 

12.891 

91.123 

40,899 

58.894 

148.86 

K 

11.0 

13.653 

96.505 

43,314 

62.372 

150.31 

D 

10.192 

72  .  045 

32,335 

46.563 

112.21 

L 

13.627 

96.323 

43,232 

62  .  254 

150.03 

F 

11.665 

82.452 

37,007 

53  .  289 

128.42 

S 

13.621 

96.283 

43,215 

62.229 

149.96 

K 

12.0 

14.261 

100.800 

45,243 

65.149 

150.32 

D 

10.645 

75.594 

33,929 

48.857 

112.21 

L 

14.301 

101.090 

45,372 

65.335 

150.75 

F 

12.059 

85.241 

38,259 

55.092 

1  28  .  59 

S 

14.324 

101.490 

45,549 

65.590 

150.92 

K 

13.0 

14.844 

104.920 

47,092 

67.813 

150.33 

D 

11.080 

78.319 

35,152 

50.619 

112.21 

L 

14.951 

105.680 

47,430 

68.303 

151  .41 

F 

12.697 

89.749 

40,282 

58  .  005 

128.59 

S 

15.002 

106.050 

47,596 

68.538 

151.93 

K 

14.0 

15.405 

108.890 

48,873 

70.377 

150.34 

D 

11.498 

81.275 

36,479 

52.530 

112.21 

L 

15.578 

110.120 

49,424 

71.171 

152.03 

F 

13.193 

93  .  257 

41,856 

60.272 

128.75 

D 

15.0 

11.902 

84.130 

37,760 

54.374 

112.21 

F 

13.657 

96.532 

43,326 

62.389 

128.75 

D 

16.0 

12.292 

86.888 

38,998 

56.157 

112.21 

F 

14.122 

99  .  825 

44,804 

64.518 

128.92 

36-INCH   PIPE 


105 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

u.  s. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

D 
F 

17.0 

12.670 
14.557 

89.561 
102.900 

40,198 
46,183 

57.884 
66.503 

112.21 
128.92 

D 
F 

18.0 

13.038 
14.981 

92.159 
105.890 

41,364 
47,530 

59  .  564 
68.441 

112.21 
128.94 

D 
F 

19.0 

13.395 
15.392 

94.685 
108.800 

42,497 
48,832 

61.196 
70.317 

112.21 
128.92 

D 

20.0 

13.743 

97.145 

43,602 

62.786 

112.21 

D 

21.0 

14.082 

99.541 

44,677 

64.334 

112.21 

D 

22.0 

14.414 

101.890 

45,729 

65  .  849 

112.21 

D 

23.0 

14.738 

104.180 

46,756 

67.329 

112.21 

D 

24.0 

15.055 

106.420 

47,763 

68.778 

112.21 

106 


38-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall- 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.251 

9.855 

4,423 

6.329 

140.63 

D 

0.999 

7.869 

3,532 

5.086 

112.29 

L 

1.042 

8.204 

3,682 

.302 

116.99 

F 

.070 

.425 

3,781 

.445 

120.23 

S 

0.927 

7.301 

3,277 

4.719 

104.19 

K 

0.12 

1.386 

10.916 

4,899 

7.055 

142.20 

D 

.094 

8.620 

3,869 

5.571 

112.29 

L 

.153 

9.078 

4,074 

.867 

118.25 

F 

.176 

.260 

4,156 

.985 

120.63 

S 

.030 

8.113 

3,641 

.243 

105.69 

K 

0.15 

1.568 

12.348 

5,542 

7.981 

143.88 

D 

.224 

9.638 

4,326 

6.229 

112.29 

L 

.305 

10.274 

4,611 

.640 

119.71 

F 

.316 

.365 

4,652 

.699 

120.77 

S 

.172 

9.230 

4,143 

5.965 

107.54 

K 

0.20 

1.832 

14.428 

6,476 

9  .  325 

145.58 

D 

.413 

11.128 

4,995 

7.192 

112.29 

L 

.530 

12.053 

5,410 

.790 

121.62 

F 

.527 

.023 

5,396 

.771 

121.32 

S 

.384 

10.899 

4,892 

.044 

109.98 

K 

0.30 

2.274 

17.908 

8,038 

11.574 

147.55 

D 

1.731 

13.626 

6,116 

8.807 

112.29 

L 

.917 

15.098 

6,777 

9.758 

124.39 

F 

.876 

14.776 

6,632 

.550 

121.74 

S 

.749 

13.778 

6,184 

8.905 

113.52 

K 

0.40 

2.643 

20.819 

9,344 

13.455 

148.55 

D 

1.99S 

15.737 

7,064 

10.171 

112.29 

L 

2  .  248 

17.748 

7,948 

11.444 

126.35 

F 

.  179 

.160 

7,702 

.09: 

122.44 

S 

.066 

16.271 

7,303 

10.516 

116.09 

K 

0.50 

2.968 

23.372 

10,490 

15.106 

149.16 

D 

.234 

17.595 

7,897 

11.372 

112.29 

L 

.545 

20.042 

8,996 

12.953 

127.91 

F 

.448 

19.277 

8,652 

.458 

123.02 

S 

.350 

18.511 

8,308 

11.964 

118.  13 

K 

0.60 

3.260 

25.674 

11,523 

16.593 

149.57 

D 

2.447 

19.275 

8,651 

12.457 

112.29 

L 

.816 

22.177 

9,954 

14.333 

129.20 

F 

.694 

21.217 

9,523 

13.713 

123.61 

S 

.612 

20.568 

9,232 

.293 

119.83 

K 

0.70 

3.520 

27.788 

12,472 

17.960 

149.88 

D 

2.643 

20.819 

9,344 

13.455 

112.29 

L 

3.067 

24.157 

10,842 

15.613 

130.30 

F 

2.917 

22.971 

10,310 

14.847 

123.90 

S 

.855 

.485 

10,092 

.532 

121.28 

38-INCH  PIPE 


107 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

3.778 

29.751 

13,353 

19.228 

150.11 

D 

2.826 

22.256 

9,989 

14.551 

112.29 

L 

3  .  303 

26.016 

11,676 

16.814 

131.26 

F 

.122 

24.586 

11,035 

15.890 

124.04 

S 

.084 

.289 

10,902 

.698 

122.54 

K 

0.90 

4.012 

31.594 

14,180 

20.419 

150.29 

D 

2.997 

23.606 

10,595 

15.257 

112.29 

L 

3.526 

27.773 

12,466 

17.948 

132.11 

F 

.319 

26.140 

11,732 

16.895 

124.34 

S 

.301 

25.997 

11,668 

.802 

123.66 

K 

1.0 

4.233 

33.334 

14,961 

21.544 

150.43 

D 

3.160 

24.883 

11,168 

16.082 

112.29 

L 

.739 

29.446 

13,216 

19.031 

132.88 

F 

.503 

27.588 

12,382 

17.830 

124.50 

S 

.509 

.633 

12,402 

.859 

124.70 

K 

1.5 

5.199 

40.944 

18,377 

26.463 

150.86 

D 

3.870 

30.476 

13,678 

19.697 

112.29 

L 

4.682 

36.876 

16,551 

23.834 

135.87 

F 

.322 

34.035 

15,276 

21.745 

125.41 

S 

.435 

.932 

15,678 

22.577 

128.71 

K 

2.0 

6.012 

47.347 

21,251 

30.601 

151.08 

D 

4.468 

35.191 

15,795 

22.744 

112.29 

L 

5.493 

43.620 

19,416 

27.959 

138.04 

F 

.015 

39.493 

17,725 

25.525 

126.02 

S 

.238 

41.252 

18,515 

26.661 

131.63 

K 

3.0 

7.371 

58.051 

26,055 

37.519 

151.25 

D 

5.472 

43.099 

19,344 

27.855 

112.29 

L 

6.879 

54.178 

24,316 

35.015 

141.15 

F 

.164 

48  .  548 

21,789 

31.377 

126.49 

S 

.621 

52.147 

23,405 

33.703 

135.87 

K 

4.0 

8.521 

67.106 

30,119 

43.371 

151.41 

D 

6.319 

49.767 

22,336 

32.164 

112.29 

L 

8.070 

63.556 

28,526 

41.077 

143.41 

F 

7.163 

56.412 

25,319 

36.466 

127.29 

S 

.819 

61.580 

27,639 

39.800 

138.95 

K 

5.0 

9.530 

75.059 

33,668 

48.511 

151.48 

D 

7.065 

55.770 

25,031 

36.044 

112.29 

L 

9.134 

71.937 

32,287 

46.493 

145.18 

F 

8.039 

63.310 

28,415 

40.918 

127.77 

S 

.896 

70.058 

31,444 

45.280 

141.39 

K 

6.0 

10.443 

82.247 

36,915 

53.157 

151.52 

D 

7.739 

60.952 

27,357 

39  .  394 

112.29 

L 

10.107 

79.596 

35,725 

51.443 

146.64 

F 

8.817 

69.442 

31,168 

44.881 

127.93 

S 

9.858 

77.638 

34,846 

50.178 

143.03 

108 


38  INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.    D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

1  1  .  283 

88  .  857 

39,881 

57  .  429 

151.56 

D 

8.359 

65.835 

29,548 

42.551 

112.29 

L 

1  1  .  009 

86.706 

38,916 

56.039 

147.89 

F 

9  .  534 

75.090 

33,702 

48.531 

128.08 

S 

10.805 

85.100 

38,196 

55.001 

145.15 

K 

8.0 

1  2  .  063 

95.006 

42,641 

61.403 

151.58 

D 

8.937 

70.382 

31,589 

45.489 

112.29 

L 

11.856 

93.377 

41,910 

60.350 

148.98 

F 

10.247 

80.698 

36,220 

52.157 

128.75 

S 

11.672 

91.928 

41,260 

59.414 

146.67 

K 

9.0 

12.796 

100.780 

45,234 

65.136 

151.60 

D 

9.479 

74.650 

33,505 

48.247 

112.20 

L 

12.657 

99.683 

44,740 

64.426 

149.95 

F 

10.884 

85.716 

38,472 

55  .  399 

128.92 

S 

12.494 

98.404 

44,166 

63.599 

148.02 

K 

10.0 

13.490 

106.220 

47,674 

68  .  650 

151.61 

D 

9.991 

78.688 

35,317 

50  .  857 

112.29 

L 

13.419 

105.690 

47,435 

68.306 

150.82 

F 

11.472 

90.353 

40,553 

58.396 

128.92 

S 

13.249 

104.580 

46,941 

67.594 

149.25 

K 

11.0 

14.150 

111.440 

50,017 

72.024 

151.63 

D 

10.479 

82.530 

37,042 

53.340 

112.29 

L 

14.148 

111.430 

50,011 

72.016 

151  .61 

F 

12.062 

94.995 

42,636 

61.396 

129.25 

S 

14.031 

110.510 

49,598 

71.422 

150.36 

K 

12.0 

14.781 

116.410 

52,247 

75.235 

151.65 

D 

10.947 

86.  180 

38,679 

55  .  698 

112.29 

L 

14.848 

116.940 

52,487 

75.580 

152.34 

F 

12.615 

99.348 

44,590 

64.209 

129.43 

S 

14.755 

116.210 

52,158 

75.107 

151.39 

K 

13.0 

15.384 

121.160 

54,381 

78.307 

151.65 

D 

11.391 

89.718 

40,268 

57  .  986 

112.29 

L 

15.522 

122.250 

54,870 

79.013 

153.01 

F 

13.130 

103.400 

46,411 

66.831 

129.43 

S 

15.454 

121.710 

54,627 

78.663 

152.33 

D 

14.0 

11.821 

93.104 

41,788 

60.174 

112.29 

F 

13.643 

107.440 

48,225 

69.443 

129.59 

D 

15.0 

12.237 

96.374 

43  256 

62.287 

112.29 

F 

14.122 

111  .220 

49,918 

71.882 

129.59 

D 

16.0 

12.638 

99  .  534 

44,674 

64.329 

112.29 

F 

14.604 

115.020 

51,623 

74.336 

129.76 

D 

17.0 

1  3  .  027 

102.60 

46,048 

66.309 

112  .29 

F 

15.053 

118.56 

53,211 

76.623 

129.76 

38-INCH  PIPE 


109 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

D 

18.0 

13.405 

105.57 

47,384 

68.232 

112.29 

D 

19.0 

13.772 

108.47 

48,682 

70.102 

112.29 

D 

20.0 

14.130 

111.28 

49,947 

71.923 

112.29 

D 

21.0 

14.458 

114.08 

50,384 

73.731 

112.29 

D 

22.0 

14.820 

116.71 

52,384 

75.433 

112.29 

D 

23.0 

15.152 

119.33 

53,561 

77.127 

112.29 

110 


40-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.298 

11.329 

5,085 

7.322 

142.22 

D 

.026 

8.951 

4,018 

5.785 

112.37 

L 

.079 

9.420 

4,228 

6.088 

118.24 

F 

.119 

.766 

4,383 

.312 

122.59 

S 

.952 

8.306 

3,728 

5.369 

104.27 

K 

0.12 

1.437 

12.544 

5,630 

8.107 

143.74 

D 

.124 

9.806 

4,401 

6.338 

112.37 

L 

.194 

10.423 

4,678 

.736 

119.43 

F 

.229 

.723 

4,813 

.930 

122.88 

S 

.057 

9.225 

4,141 

5.962 

105.71 

K 

0.15 

1.625 

14.183 

6,365 

9.166 

145.36 

D 

.256 

10.963 

4,921 

7.086 

112.37 

L 

.323 

11.528 

5,174 

.451 

120.91 

F 

.379 

12.031 

5,400 

.776 

123.31 

S 

.203 

10.495 

4,711 

6.783 

107.57 

K 

0.20 

1.899 

16.571 

7,437 

10.710 

147.09 

D 

.451 

12.659 

5,682 

8.182 

112.37 

L 

.586 

13.839 

6,211 

.944 

122.84 

F 

.597 

.939 

6,256 

9.009 

123.75 

S 

.420 

12.394 

5,563 

8.011 

110.01 

K 

0.30 

2.355 

20.548 

9,222 

13.281 

148.92 

D 

1.777 

15.504 

6,959 

10.020 

112.37 

L 

.986 

17.331 

7,779 

11.201 

125.61 

F 

.964 

.136 

7,691 

.075 

124.20 

S 

.795 

15.667 

7,032 

10.126 

113.55 

K 

0.40 

2.737 

23  .  882 

10,719 

15.435 

149.89 

D 

.052 

17.902 

8,035 

11.570 

112.37 

L 

.330 

20.332 

9,126 

13.141 

127.61 

F 

.279 

19.883 

8,924 

12.851 

124.80 

S 

.120 

18.502 

8,304 

11.958 

116.13 

K 

0.50 

3.072 

26.806 

12,031 

17.325 

150.48 

D 

2.294 

20.016 

8,984 

12.936 

112.37 

L 

.631 

23.013 

10,329 

14.873 

129.  19 

F 

.557 

22.312 

10,014 

.420 

125.25 

S 

.412 

21.049 

9,469 

13.604 

118.17 

K 

0.60 

3.374 

29.443 

13,215 

19.029 

1  50  .  88 

D 

2.513 

21.926 

9,841 

14.171 

112.37 

L 

.918 

25.464 

11,428 

16.457 

130.50 

F 

.808 

24.501 

10,996 

15.835 

125.56 

S 

.680 

23.389 

10,497 

.116 

119.86 

K 

0.70 

3.651 

31.863 

14,301 

20  .  594 

151.18 

D 

2.714 

23.683 

10,630 

15.306 

112.37 

L 

3.179 

27.738 

12,449 

17.927 

131.60 

F 

.036 

26.497 

11,892 

.126 

125.71 

S 

2.930 

25.569 

11,476 

16.525 

121.31 

40-INCH  PIPE 


111 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

• 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

3.909 

34.113 

15,311 

22  .  047 

151.39 

D 

2.901 

25.318 

11,363 

16.363 

112.37 

L 

3.423 

29.872 

13,407 

19.306 

132.57 

F 

.254 

28.396 

12,745 

18.352 

126.02 

S 

.165 

27.621 

12,397 

17.851 

122.58 

K 

0.90 

4.151 

36.224 

16,258 

23.412 

151.57 

D 

3.077 

26.854 

12,053 

17.356 

112.37 

L 

.654 

31.889 

14,313 

20.610 

133.43 

F 

.460 

30.193 

13,551 

19.514 

126.33 

S 

.389 

29  .  570 

13,272 

.112 

123.73 

K 

1.0 

4.380 

38.218 

17,153 

24.701 

151.71 

D 

3.244 

28.306 

12,704 

18.295 

112.37 

L 

.874 

33.810 

15,175 

21.851 

134.21 

F 

.651 

31.865 

14,302 

20.294 

126.49 

S 

.601 

.422 

14,103 

.309 

124.73 

K 

1.5 

5.379 

46.937 

21,067 

30.336 

152.13 

D 

3.973 

34.669 

15,560 

22.406 

112.37 

L 

4.852 

42.342 

19,004 

27.366 

137.23 

F 

.495 

39.223 

17,604 

25.350 

127.13 

S 

.552 

.722 

17,828 

.673 

128.74 

K 

2.0 

6.219 

54.274 

24,360 

35.078 

152.34 

D 

4.587 

40.032 

17,967 

25.873 

112.37 

L 

5.692 

49.672 

22,294 

32.103 

139.42 

F 

.210 

45.462 

20,405 

29.383 

127.61 

S 

.375 

46.908 

21,054 

30.317 

131.66 

K 

3.0 

7.628 

66  .  563 

29,875 

43.020 

152.55 

D 

5.610 

48.961 

21,975 

31.644 

112.37 

L 

7.128 

62  .  207 

27,920 

40.205 

142.57 

F 

6.421 

56.035 

25,150 

36.216 

128.42 

8 

.795 

59  .  298 

26,615 

38.325 

135.90 

K 

4.0 

8.814 

76.917 

34,523 

49.712 

152.66 

D 

6.487 

56.613 

25,410 

36.590 

112.37 

L 

8.362 

72.976 

32,753 

47.165 

144.84 

F 

7.444 

64.963 

29,157 

41.987 

128.92 

S 

8.024 

70.026 

31,430 

45.248 

138.98 

K 

5.0 

9.859 

86.032 

38,614 

55.604 

152.73 

D 

7.253 

63.296 

28,409 

40.909 

112.37 

L 

9.465 

82  .  600 

37,072 

53.384 

146.63 

F 

8.354 

72.906 

32,722 

47.119 

129.43 

S 

9.129 

79.665 

35,756 

51.488 

141.42 

K 

6.0 

10.802 

94.269 

42,311 

60.927 

152.77 

D 

7.945 

69.338 

31,121 

44.814 

112.37 

L 

10.473 

91.392 

41,021 

59  .  067 

148.11 

F 

9.176 

80.072 

35,939 

51.751 

129.76 

S 

10.144 

88.522 

39,731 

57.213 

143.45 

112 


40-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

p6r 
1000 

in  Feet 

U<< 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

7.0 

11.670 

101.840 

45,710 

65.822 

152.80 

D 

8.582 

75.412 

33,614 

48.404 

112.37 

L 

11.408 

99.556 

44,684 

64  .  344 

149.37 

F 

9.937 

86.714 

38,920 

56  .  044 

130.10 

S 

11.089 

96.770 

43,433 

62.543 

145.19 

K 

8.0 

12.479 

108.900 

48,877 

70.382 

152.83 

D 

9.175 

80  .  064 

35,935 

51.746 

112.37 

L 

12.286 

107.210 

48,122 

69.295 

150.47 

F 

10.637 

92.824 

41,662 

59.993 

130.27 

8 

11.979 

104.530 

46,918 

67.562 

146.71 

K 

9.0 

13.236 

115.510 

51,845 

74.656 

152.84 

D 

9.731 

84.920 

38,114 

54.884 

112.37 

L 

13.115 

114.450 

51,371 

73.975 

151.45 

F 

11.297 

98.584 

44,248 

63.716 

130.45 

S 

12.823 

111.900 

50,224 

72.322 

148.06 

K 

10.0 

13.954 

121.770 

54,654 

78.701 

152.86 

D 

10.257 

89.514 

40,176 

57.853 

112.37 

L 

13.905 

121.350 

54,465 

78.430 

152.33 

F 

11.908 

103.920 

46,641 

67.163 

130.45 

S 

13.628 

118.920 

53,378 

76.864 

149.29 

K 

11.0 

14.636 

127.730 

57,326 

82  .  548 

152.86 

D 

10.758 

93.884 

42,137 

60.678 

112.37 

L 

14.661 

127.940 

57,424 

82.689 

153.13 

F 

12.503 

109.280 

49,048 

70.628 

130.79 

S 

14.400 

125.660 

56,401 

81.218 

150.40 

K 

12.0 

15.287 

133.410 

59,878 

86.225 

152.87 

D 

11.236 

98.058 

44,011 

63.375 

112.37 

L 

15.386 

134.270 

60,266 

86.782 

153.86 

F 

13.097 

114.290 

51,297 

73.867 

130.97 

S 

15.142 

132.140 

59,310 

85.407 

151.42 

D 

13.0 

11.696 

102.060 

45,808 

65.963 

112.37 

F 

13.650 

119.110 

53,463 

76.985 

131.14 

D 

14.0 

12.137 

105.913 

47,537 

68.453 

112.37 

F 

14.184 

123.780 

55,555 

79.999 

131.32 

D 

15.0 

12.563 

109.643 

49,206 

70.857 

112.37 

F 

14.701 

128.290 

57,582 

82.919 

131.49 

D 

16.0 

12.975 

113.237 

50,820 

73.180 

112.37 

F 

15.204 

132.680 

59,552 

85.753 

131.67 

D 

17.0 

13.374 

116.710 

52,383 

75.431 

112.37 

D 

18.0 

13.762 

120.106 

53,903 

77.619 

112.37 

D 

19.0 

14.139 

123.397 

55,380 

79.746 

112.37 

D 

20.0 

14.506 

126.593 

56,818 

81.818 

112.37 

D 

21  .0 

14.864 

129.715 

58,220 

83.836 

112.37 

D 

22.0 

15.214 

132.770 

59,591 

85.811 

112.37 

42-INCH  PIPE 


113 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

; 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.344 

12.933 

5,805 

8.359 

143.72 

D 

.052 

10.118 

4,542 

6.540 

112.43 

L 

.117 

.743 

4,822 

.943 

119.37 

F 

.160 

11.164 

5,011 

7.215 

124.04 

S 

0.978 

9.406 

4,222 

6.079 

104.51 

K 

0.12 

1.491 

15.023 

6,743 

9.709 

145.19 

D 

.152 

1  1  .  084 

4,975 

7.164 

112.43 

L 

.264 

12.164 

5,459 

.862 

120.57 

F 

.274 

.259 

5,502 

.923 

124.34 

S 

.094 

10.523 

4,723 

6.801 

106.74 

K 

0.15 

1.682 

16.178 

7,261 

10.456 

146.77 

D 

.288 

12.393 

5,562 

8.010 

112.43 

L 

.398 

13.454 

6,039 

.695 

122.06 

F 

.426 

.723 

6,159 

.869 

124.50 

S 

.236 

11.890 

5,336 

7.684 

107.87 

K 

0.20 

1.964 

18.893 

8,480 

12.211 

148.44 

D 

.487 

14.310 

6,423 

9.249 

112.43 

L 

.640 

15.783 

7,084 

10.201 

124.00 

F 

.651 

.884 

7,129 

.265 

124.80 

S 

.459 

14.041 

6,302 

9.075 

110.31 

K 

0.30 

2.434 

23.416 

10,510 

15.134 

150.22 

D 

1.822 

17.526 

7,866 

11.327 

112.43 

L 

2.054 

19.766 

8,872 

12.628 

126.80 

F 

.027 

.500 

8,752 

.603 

125.10 

S 

1.845 

17.749 

7,966 

11.471 

113.86 

K 

0.40 

2.823 

27  .  207 

12,211 

17.584 

151.16 

D 

.103 

20.237 

9,083 

13.079 

112.43 

L 

.410 

23  .  188 

10,407 

14.986 

128.83 

F 

.358 

22.683 

10,180 

.660 

126.02 

S 

.179 

20.960 

9,407 

13.547 

116.45 

K 

0.50 

3.174 

30.534 

13,704 

19.734 

151.73 

D 

2.352 

22.626 

10,155 

14.623 

112.43 

L 

.728 

26  .  245 

11,780 

16.963 

130.41 

F 

.646 

25.455 

11,425 

.452 

126.49 

S 

.479 

23.845 

10,703 

15.412 

118.49 

K 

0.60 

3.477 

33  .  457 

15,017 

21.624 

151.77 

D 

2  .  576 

24.786 

11,124 

16.019 

112.43 

L 

3.018 

29.040 

13,034 

18.768 

131.43 

F 

2.906 

27.954 

12,547 

.067 

126.81 

S 

.754 

26.496 

11,892 

17.125 

120.19 

K 

0.70 

3.772 

36.288 

16,287 

23.453 

152.40 

D 

2  .  783 

26.771 

12,016 

17.302 

112.43 

L 

3.288 

31.364 

14,198 

20.445 

132.85 

F 

.142 

30.232 

13,600 

1  9  .  539 

126.97 

S 

.011 

28.966 

13,001 

18.721 

121.65 

114 


43-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

4.038 

38.848 

17,436 

25.107 

152.61 

D 

2.975 

28.620 

12,845 

18.497 

112.43 

L 

3.541 

34.067 

15,290 

22.018 

133.83 

F 

.363 

32.360 

14,524 

20.915 

127.13 

S 

.252 

31.290 

14,043 

.225 

122.92 

K 

0.90 

4.287 

41.250 

18,514 

26.660 

152.78 

D 

3.155 

30.356 

13,628 

19.619 

112.43 

L 

.780 

36.368 

16,285 

23.505 

134.70 

F 

.572 

34.366 

15,424 

22.211 

127.29 

S 

.481 

33.494 

15,033 

21.648 

124.05 

K 

1.0 

4.523 

43.519 

19,533 

28.127 

152.92 

D 

3.326 

31.997 

14,361 

20.680 

112.43 

L 

4.008 

38.558 

17,306 

24.921 

135.48 

F 

3.770 

36.270 

16,279 

23.280 

127.45 

S 

.700 

35.598 

15,977 

.007 

125.08 

K 

1.5 

5.555 

53  .  442 

23,986 

34.540 

153.32 

D 

4.073 

39.189 

17,590 

25.328 

112.43 

L 

5.019 

48.289 

21,674 

31.210 

138.54 

F 

4.653 

44.763 

20,091 

28.931 

128.42 

S 

.677 

44.995 

20,195 

29.081 

129.09 

K 

2.0 

6.422 

61.791 

27,734 

39.936 

1  53  .  52 

D 

4.703 

45.242 

20,310 

29.247 

112.43 

L 

5.888 

56.649 

25,426 

36.613 

140.75 

F 

.386 

51.822 

23,259 

33.493 

128.75 

8 

.523 

53.140 

23,851 

34.345 

132.03 

K 

3.0 

7.875 

75.769 

34,007 

48.970 

153.73 

D 

5.760 

55.422 

24,875 

35.819 

112.43 

L 

7.374 

79.945 

31,842 

45.852 

143.92 

F 

6.631 

63.797 

28,634 

41.233 

129.43 

S 

.982 

67.177 

30,151 

43.417 

136.28 

K 

4.0 

9.101 

87.561 

39,300 

56  .  592 

153.84 

D 

6.652 

63.995 

28,723 

41.361 

112.43 

L 

8.650 

83.226 

37,354 

53.790 

146.22 

F 

7  .  667 

73.761 

33,106 

47.673 

1  29  .  59 

S 

8.245 

79.329 

25,605 

51.271 

139.37 

K 

5.0 

10.179 

97.936 

43,957 

63  .  297 

153.90 

D 

7.437 

7  1  .  550 

32,113 

46.244 

112.43 

L 

9.791 

94.200 

42,279 

60.882 

148.02 

F 

8.617 

82.902 

37,209 

53.581 

130.27 

S 

9.380 

90.251 

40,507 

58.330 

141.82 

K 

6.0 

11.154 

107.310 

48,165 

69.357 

153.94 

D 

8.146 

78.379 

35,178 

50  .  662 

112.43 

L 

10.833 

104.230 

46,781 

67.365 

149.52 

F 

9.477 

91  .178 

40,923 

58  .  929 

130.79 

S 

10.423 

100.280 

45,009 

64.813 

143.85 

42-INCH   PIPE 


115 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

7.0 

12.050 
8.799 
11.801 
10.263 
11.394 

115.940 
84.658 
113.540 
98.746 
109.630 

52,034 
37,997 
50,960 
44,320 
49,204 

74.929 
54.715 
73.382 
63.824 
70.853 

153.97 
112.43 
150.79 
131.14 
145.59 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

8.0 

12.884 
9.407 
12.709 
10.987 
12.309 

123.960 
90.504 
122.270 
105.710 
118.420 

55,635 
40,621 
54,881 
47,444 
53,152 

80.115 
58.494 
79.028 
68.318 
76.539 

153.99 
112.43 
151.90 
131.32 
147.12 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

9.0 

13.667 
9.977 
13.567 
11.669 
13.175 

131.490 
95.993 
130.530 
112.270 
126.770 

59,018 
43,084 
58,587 
50,388 
56,896 

84.985 
62.041 
84.364 
72.559 
81.930 

154.01 
112.43 
152.88 
131.49 
148.47 

K 
D 
L 
F 

3 

10.0 

14.407 
10.517 
14.384 
12.317 
14.003 

138.61 
101.18 
138.40 
118.50 
134.73 

62,212 
45,415 
62,116 
53,187 
60,469 

89  .  584 
65.397 
89.446 
76.588 
87.074 

154.02 
112.43 
153.77 
131.67 
149.70 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

11.0 

15.112 
11.030 
15.165 
12.918 
14.796 

145.40 
106.13 
145.91 
124.43 
142.36 

65,257 
47,632 
65,489 
55,783 
63,894 

93.971 
68.590 
94.304 
80.327 
92.007 

154.03 
112.43 
154.58 
131.67 
150.82 

D 
F 

S 

12.0 

11.521 
13.510 
15.559 

110.84 
129.99 
149.70 

49,750 
58,341 
67,189 

71.639 
84.010 
.  96.752 

112.43 
131.85 
151.84 

D 
F 

13.0 

11.991 
14.062 

115.37 
135.29 

51,781 
60,722 

74.564 
87.440 

112.43 
131.85 

D 
F 

14.0 

12.444 
14.612 

119.72 
140.59 

53,735 
63,100 

77.378 
90.864 

112.43 
132.03 

D 
F 

15.0 

12.881 
15.146 

123.93 
145.72 

55,623 
65,405 

80.096 
94.182 

112.43 
132.21 

D 

16.0 

13.303 

127.99 

57,446 

82.722 

112.43 

D 

17.0 

13.712 

131.93 

59,214 

85.267 

112.43 

D 

18.0 

14.110 

135.75 

60,931 

87.741 

112.43 

D 

19.0 

14.497 

139.48 

62,601 

90.145 

112.43 

D 

20.0 

14.873 

143.10 

64,227 

92.487 

112.43 

D 

21.0 

15.240 

146.63 

65,816 

94.768 

112.43 

116 


44-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    b. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.390 

14.673 

6,586 

9.484 

145.14 

D 

.077 

11.372 

5,104 

7.350 

112.49 

L 

.153 

12.177 

5,465 

.870 

120.45 

F 

.198 

.647 

5,676 

8.174 

125.10 

S 

.005 

10.615 

4,764 

6.860 

104.99 

K 

0.12 

1.537 

16.233 

7,286 

10.492 

146.58 

D 

.180 

12.458 

5,591 

8.052 

112.49 

L 

.276 

13.474 

6,047 

.708 

121.66 

F 

.317 

.905 

6,241 

9.008 

125.56 

S 

.117 

11.794 

5,294 

7.623 

106.50 

K 

0.15 

1.737 

18.338 

8,212 

11  .852 

148.11 

D 

.319 

13.928 

6,251 

9.002 

112.49 

L 

.441 

15.250 

6,845 

.856 

123.16 

F 

.478 

.604 

7,003 

10.085 

126.02 

S 

.271 

13.418 

6,022 

8.672 

108.37 

K 

0.20 

2.027 

21.407 

9,608 

13.835 

148.69 

D 

1  .  523 

16.083 

7,219 

10.394 

112.49 

L 

.694 

17.890 

8,030 

11.562 

125.12 

F 

.713 

18.085 

8,117 

.688 

126.49 

S 

.501 

15.846 

7,112 

10.241 

110.83 

K 

0.30 

2.512 

26.520 

11,903 

17.140 

151.45 

D 

1  .  865 

19.697 

8,841 

12.730 

112.49 

L 

2.122 

22.404 

10,056 

14.480 

127.95 

F 

.106 

.  233 

9,979 

.369 

126.97 

S 

1.897 

20.031 

8,990 

12.946 

114.39 

K 

0.40 

2.917 

30.805 

13,826 

19.910 

152.35 

D 

.154 

22.744 

10,208 

14.700 

112.49 

L 

.489 

26.283 

11,796 

16.987 

129.99 

F 

.440 

25.769 

11,566 

.654 

1  27  .  45 

S 

.240 

23.655 

10,617 

15.288 

116.99 

K 

0.50 

3.373 

35.616 

15,986 

23.019 

152.91 

D 

2.408 

25.429 

11,413 

16.435 

112.49 

L 

.817 

29.749 

13,352 

19.227 

1  3  1  .  59 

F 

.742 

28  .  954 

12,995 

18.713 

128.08 

S 

.549 

26.911 

12,078 

17.393 

119.04 

K 

0.60 

3.578 

37.960 

17,037 

24  .  534 

153.29 

D 

2.638 

27.856 

12,503 

18.004 

112.49 

1. 

3.117 

32.917 

14,774 

21  .274 

132.29 

F 

.016 

31.770 

14,292 

20.581 

128.59 

S 

2.832 

29.903 

13,421 

19.326 

120.75 

K 

0.70 

3.890 

41  .074 

18,435 

26.546 

153.56 

D 

2  .  850 

30.089 

13,504 

19.446 

112.49 

L 

3  .  396 

35.856 

16,093 

23.175 

134.05 

F 

.266 

?4    4Z3 

15,477 

22.287 

128.92 

S 

.096 

32^688 

14,672 

21  .127 

122.21 

44-INCH   PIPE 


117 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    O. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

4.164 

43.968 

19,734 

28.417 

153.76 

D 

3.046 

32.166 

14,437 

20.789 

112.49 

L 

.657 

38.615 

17,332 

24.957 

135.04 

F 

.492 

36.870 

16,548 

23.829 

128.94 

S 

.344 

35.312 

15,849 

22.822 

123.49 

K 

0.90 

4.421 

46.684 

20,953 

30.173 

153.93 

D 

3.231 

34.117 

15,313 

22.050 

112.49 

L 

.904 

41.223 

18,502 

26.643 

135.95 

F 

.717 

39.253 

17,618 

25.369 

129.43 

S 

.580 

37.799 

16,810 

24.430 

124.63 

K 

1.0 

4.664 

49.252 

22,105 

31.832 

154.06 

D 

3.406 

35.962 

16,141 

23.243 

112.49 

L 

4.139' 

43.706 

19,616 

28.313 

136.71 

F 

3.924 

41.430 

18,595 

26.776 

129.59 

S 

.805 

40.173 

18,031 

25.964 

125.66 

K 

1.5 

5.727 

60.474 

27,143 

39.085 

154.45 

D 

4.171 

44.045 

19,768 

28.467 

112.49 

L 

5.184 

54.736 

24,567 

35.376 

139.79 

F 

4.812 

50.808 

22,804 

32.838 

129.76 

S 

.809 

50.784 

22,793 

32.822 

129.70 

K 

2.0 

6.622 

69.918 

31,381 

45.189 

154.64 

D 

4.817 

50  .  859 

22,827 

32.871 

112.49 

L 

6.081 

64.211 

28,820 

41.500 

142.02 

F 

5.586 

58.978 

26,471 

38.118 

130.45 

S 

.680 

59.971 

26,917 

38.760 

132.64 

K 

3.0 

8.120 

85.741 

38,483 

55.415 

154.84 

D 

5.899 

62.289 

27,957 

40.257 

112.49 

L 

7.616 

80.415 

36,093 

51.973 

145.23 

F 

6.877 

72.618 

32,593 

46.933 

131.14 

S 

7.180 

75.809 

34,025 

48.996 

136.91 

K 

4.0 

9.383 

99.072 

44,467 

64.031 

154.95 

D 

6.812 

71.925 

32,282 

46.486 

112.49 

L 

8.889 

93.881 

42,137 

60.677 

146.79 

F 

7.973 

84.190 

37,787 

54.451 

131.67 

S 

8.479 

89.526 

40,182 

57.862 

140.02 

K 

5.0 

10.495 

110.820 

49,737 

71.621 

155.01 

D 

7.616 

80.415 

36,093 

51.973 

112.49 

L 

10.112 

106.770 

47,924 

69.010 

149.36 

F 

8.926 

94.254 

42,304 

60.917 

131  .85 

S 

9.646 

101.850 

45,714 

65.828 

142.47 

K 

6.0 

11.498 

121  .420 

54,494 

78.471 

155.04 

D 

8.343 

88.091 

39,538 

56  .  934 

112.49 

L 

11.189 

118.140 

53,026 

76.357 

150.90 

F 

9.805 

103.530 

46,468 

66.913 

132.21 

S 

10.718 

113.170 

50,794 

73.143 

144.51 

118 


44-INCH   PIPE 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

7.0 

12.422 
9.011 
12.188 
10.619 
11.716 

131.17 
95.14 
128.70 
112.13 
123.72 

58,872 
42,705 
57,763 
50,327 
55,528 

84.775 
61.495 
83.179 
72.470 
79.960 

155.08 
112.49 
152.15 
132.57 
146.26 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

8.0 

13.282 
9.633 
13.126 
11.368 
12.657 

140.24 
101.72 
138.60 
120.04 
133.64 

62,945 
45,654 
62,207 
53,877 
59,984 

90.640 
65.741 
89.578 
77.582 
86.376 

155.09 
112.49 
153.27 
132.75 
147.79 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

9.0 

14.122 
10.217 
14.012 
12.074 
13.548 

148.77 
107.88 
147.96 
127.49 
143.06 

66,771 
48,423 
66,40*8 
57,222 
64,210 

96.150 
69.728 
95.627 
82.399 
92.461 

155.11 
112.49 
154.27 
132.93 
149.16 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

10.0 

14.852 
10.770 
14.856 
12.745 
14.399 

156.83 
113.72 
156.87 
134.57 
152.04 

70,388 
51,042 
70,408 
60,400 
68,242 

101.360 
73  .  500 
101.380 
86.977 
98.268 

155.12 
112.49 
155.17 
133.11 
150.39 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

11.0 

15.578 
11  .296 
15.663 
13.367 
15.214 

164.50 
119.27 
165.39 
141.14 
160.65 

73,829 
53,534 
74,232 
63,349 
72,106 

106.310 
77.088 
106.890 
91.222 
103.830 

155.13 
112.49 
155.98 
133.11 
151.51 

D 
F 

12.0 

11.798 
13.981 

124.58 
147.62 

55,914 
66,257 

80.515 
95.409 

112.49 
133.30 

D 
F 

13.0 

12.280 
14.551 

129.66 
153.65 

58,197 
68,962 

83.803 
99.304 

112.49 
130.30 

D 
F 

14.0 

12.743 
15.121 

134.56 
159.67 

60,394 
71,664 

86.966 
103.190 

112.49 
133.48 

D 

15.0 

13.191 

139.29 

62,515 

90.020 

112.49 

D 

16.0 

13.623 

143.85 

64,564 

92.972 

112.49 

D 

17.0 

14.042 

148.28 

66,550 

95.832 

112.49 

D 

18.0 

14.450 

152.58 

68,481 

98.612 

112.49 

D 

19.0 

14.846 

156.76 

70,357 

101.314 

112.49 

D 

20.0 

15.231 

160.83 

72,186 

103.946 

112.49 

46-INCH  PIPE 


119 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    k5. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

1.434 

16.551 

7,429 

10.697 

146.50 

D 

.102 

12.715 

5,707 

8.218 

112.55 

L 

.187 

13.726 

6,161 

.872 

121.49 

F 

.238 

14.291 

6,414 

9.236 

126.49 

S 

.028 

11.869 

5,323 

7.665 

104.97 

K 

0.12 

1.586 

18.304 

8,215 

11.830 

147.90 

D 

.207 

13.929 

6,252 

9.002 

112.55 

L 

.316 

15.188 

6,817 

.816 

122.72 

F 

.358 

.674 

7,035 

10.130 

126.65 

S 

.142 

13.177 

5,914 

8.517 

106.47 

K 

0.15 

1.791 

20.669 

9,277 

13.359 

149.38 

D 

.349 

15.573 

6,990 

10.065 

112.55 

L 

.490 

17.190 

7,716 

11.110 

124.23 

F 

.524 

.591 

7,895 

.369 

127.13 

S 

.299 

14.992 

6,729 

9.689 

108.34 

K 

0.20 

2.090 

24.118 

10,825 

15.587 

150.95 

D 

1.558 

17.982 

8,071 

11.622 

112.55 

L 

.747 

20.166 

9,051 

13.033 

126.21 

F 

.764 

.363 

9,140 

.161 

127.45 

S 

.534 

17.704 

7,946 

11.442 

110.80 

K 

0.30 

2.588 

29.864 

13,404 

19.302 

152.61 

D 

1.908 

22.023 

9,885 

14.234 

112.55 

L 

2.188 

25.255 

11,335 

16.323 

129.06 

F 

.169 

.035 

11,236 

.180 

127.93 

S 

1.939 

22.379 

10,045 

14.464 

114.36 

K 

0.40 

3.012 

34.682 

15,566 

22.415 

153.49 

D 

2.204 

25.431 

11,414 

16.436 

112.55 

L 

.567 

29.661 

13,313 

19.170 

131.12 

F 

.508 

28.940 

12,989 

18.704 

128.08 

S 

.290 

26.429 

11,862 

17.081 

116.96 

K 

0.50 

3.372 

38.912 

17,465 

25.149 

154.03 

D 

2.464 

28.433 

12,761 

18.376 

112.55 

L 

.906 

33.533 

15,051 

21.673 

132.73 

F 

.822 

32.569 

14,618 

.050 

128.92 

S 

.605 

30.067 

13,495 

19.433 

119.01 

K 

0.60 

3.702 

42.727 

19,177 

27.615 

154.39 

D 

2.699 

31.146 

13,995 

20.084 

112.55 

L 

3.215 

37.103 

16,653 

23.980 

134.07 

F 

.104 

35.817 

16,076 

.149 

129.43 

S 

2.895 

33.409 

14,995 

21  .592 

120.72 

K 

0.70 

4.006 

46.229 

20,749 

29.878 

154.66 

D 

2.915 

33.642 

15,099 

21.743 

112.55 

L 

3.502 

40.418 

18,141 

26.123 

135.22 

F 

.361 

38.787 

17,409 

25.069 

129.76 

S 

.165 

36.523 

16,392 

23.605 

122.18 

120 


46-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

4.288 

49.484 

22,210 

31.982 

154.86 

D 

3.116 

35.965 

16,142 

23.244 

112.55 

L 

.772 

43.528 

19,536 

28.133 

136.21 

F 

.598 

41.520 

18,678 

26.897 

129.93 

S 

.419 

39.453 

17,708 

25.499 

123.46 

K 

0.90 

4.552 

52.539 

23,581 

33.956 

155.01 

D 

3.305 

38.146 

17,121 

24.654 

112.55 

L 

4.026 

46.468 

20,856 

30.032 

137.10 

F 

3.821 

44.097 

19,792 

28.499 

130.10 

S 

.659 

42.232 

18,955 

27.295 

124.60 

K 

1.0 

4.803 

55.426 

24,877 

35.822 

155.14 

D 

3.484 

40  .  209 

18,047 

25.987 

112.55 

L 

4.269 

49.266 

22,112 

31.841 

137.89 

F 

.033 

46.542 

20,890 

30.081 

130.27 

S 

3.889 

44.884 

20,145 

29  .  009% 

125.63 

K 

1.5 

5.896 

68.049 

30,542 

43.981 

155.52 

D 

4.267 

49  .  247 

22,103 

31.828 

112.55 

L 

'    5.346 

61.699 

27,692 

39,877 

141  .00 

F 

4.959 

57.231 

25,687 

36.989 

130.79 

S 

.916 

56.739 

25,466 

.671 

129.67 

K 

2.0 

6.817 

78.672 

35,310 

50.847 

155.71 

D 

4.927 

56.865 

25,523 

36.752 

112.55 

L 

6.272 

72.380 

32,486 

46.780 

143.25 

F 

5.742 

66.261 

29.740 

42.825 

131.14 

S 

.806 

67.005 

30,074 

43.306 

132.62 

K 

3.0 

8.358 

96.469 

43,000 

62.349 

155.90 

D 

6.035 

69.645 

31,258 

45.012 

112.55 

L 

7.854 

90.646 

40,684 

58  .  586 

146.48 

F 

.070 

81.588 

36,619 

52.731 

131.85 

S 

.339 

84.701 

38,016 

54.743 

136.88 

K 

4.0 

9.658 

111.470 

50,029 

72  .  041 

156.00 

D 

6.968 

80.419 

36,094 

51.976 

112.55 

L 

9.214 

106.340 

47,728 

68.728 

148.82 

F 

8.208 

94.724 

42,515 

61.221 

132.57 

S 

.669 

100.050 

44,906 

64.664 

140.02 

K 

5.0 

10.802 

124.670 

55,954 

80.573 

156.05 

D 

7.791 

89.913 

40,356 

58  .  1  1  1 

112.55 

L 

10.429 

120.360 

54,021 

77.789 

150.66 

F 

9.202 

106.190 

47,664 

68.636 

132.93 

S 

.860 

113.800 

51,074 

73.546 

142.44 

K 

6.0 

11.836 

136.600 

61,310 

88.286 

156.09 

'     D 

8.534 

98.494 

,    44,207 

63  .  657 

112.55 

L 

11.540 

133.170 

59,772 

86.072 

152.18 

F 

10.094 

116.490 

52,286 

75  .  290 

133.11 

S 

.956 

126.440 

56,751 

81.720 

144.48 

46-INCH   PIPE 


121 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
.  per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

7.0 

12.787 
9.218 
12.570 
10.963 
11.977 

147.57 
106.38 
145.07 
122.53 
138.22 

66,234 
47,748 
65,112 
56,788 
62,040 

95.376 
68.757 
93.761 
81.775 
89.337 

156.12 
112.55 
153.47 
133.86 
146.24 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

8.0 

13.672 
9.855 
13.537 
11.753 
12.938 

157.78 
113.73 
156.23 
135.64 
149.32 

70,818 
51,046 
70,122 
60,879 
67,018 

101.980 
73.505 
100.970 
87.666 
96.505 

156.14 
112.55 
154.61 
134.23 
147.76 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

9.0 

14.503 
10.452 
14.451 
12.484 
13.850 

167.37 
120.63 
166.78 
144.07 
159.82 

75,121 
54,141 
74,856 
64,622 
71,740 

108.170 
77  .  963 
107.790 
93.113 
103.300 

156.16 
112.55 
155.61 
134.42 
149.13 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

10.0 

15.289 
11.017 
15.222 
13.177 
14.719 

176.44 
127.15 
176.83 
152.07 
169.88 

79,192 
57,070 
79,365 
68,254 
76,245 

114.040 
82.180 
114.280 
98.286 
109.790 

156.17 
112.55 
156.51 
134.60 
150.36 

D 
F 

S 

11.0 

11.555 
13.821 
15.553 

133.36 
159.49 
179.49 

59,856 
71,586 
80,562 

86.192 
103.090 
116.010 

112.55 
134.60 
151.48 

D 
F 

12.0 

12.0°9 
14.455 

139.29 
166.82 

62,518 
74,875 

90.024 
107.820 

112.55 
134.79 

D 
F 

13.0 

12.562 
15.045 

144.98 
173.64 

65,070 
77,933 

93.700 
112.220 

112.55 
134.79 

D 

14.0 

13.036 

150.45 

67,526 

97.237 

112.55 

D 

15.0 

13.494 

155.73 

69,897 

100.650 

112.55 

D 

16.0 

13.937 

160.84 

72,189 

103.950 

112.55 

D 

17.0 

14.365 

165.79 

74,410 

107.150 

112.55 

D 

18.0 

14.782 

.  170.60 

76,569 

110.258 

112.55 

D 

19.0 

15.187 

175.27 

78,666 

113.279 

112.55 

122 


48-INCH   PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uo 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    to. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

1.478 

18.572 

8,336 

12.003 

147.79 

D 

.126 

14.149 

6,351 

9.145 

112.60 

L 

.225 

15.394 

6,909 

.949 

122.50 

F 

.278 

16.056 

7,206 

10.377 

127.77 

S 

.051 

13.212 

5,930 

8.539 

105.13 

K 

0.12 

1  .  634 

20.531 

9,215 

13.270 

149.49 

D 

.233 

15.499 

6,957 

10.017 

112.60 

L 

.356 

17.033 

7,645 

11.009 

123.74 

F 

.403 

.639 

7,913 

.395 

128.08 

S 

.168 

14.680 

6,589 

9.488 

106.64 

K 

0.15 

1.844 

23.176 

10,402 

14.979 

150.59 

D 

.379 

17.329 

7,778 

11.200 

112.60 

L 

.534 

19.276 

8,653 

12.460 

125.26 

F 

.575 

.791 

8,883 

.791 

128.59 

S 

.329 

16.701 

7,496 

10.794 

108.51 

K 

0.20 

2.171 

27.031 

12,133 

17.471 

152  .  10 

D 

1.592 

20.010 

8,981 

12.932 

112.60 

L 

.800 

22.616 

10,151 

14.617 

127.26 

F 

.824 

.915 

10,285 

.810 

128.94 

S 

.569 

19.723 

8,852 

12.747 

110.97 

K 

0.30 

2.663 

33.458 

15,017 

21.624 

153.72 

D 

1.950 

24.507 

10,999 

15.839 

112.60 

L 

2.254 

28.324 

12,712 

18.306 

130.13 

F  . 

.245 

.206 

12,660 

.230 

129.59 

S 

1.984 

24.932 

11,190 

16.113 

114.54 

K 

0.40 

3.091 

38.847 

17,436 

25.107 

154.57 

D 

2.252 

28.298 

12,701 

18.289 

112.60 

L 

.644 

33.227 

14,913 

21.475 

132.14 

F 

.602 

32.698 

14,676 

.133 

130.10 

S 

.343 

29.439 

13,213 

19.027 

117.13 

K 

0.50 

3.467 

43.572 

19,557 

28.161 

155.06 

D 

2.518 

31.639 

14,200 

20.448 

112.60 

L 

.993 

37  .  608 

16,879 

24  .  306 

133.84 

F 

.917 

36.655 

16,452 

23.690 

130.45 

S 

.666 

33.496 

15,034 

21.649 

119.20 

K 

0.60 

3.808 

47.848 

21,476 

30.924 

155.44 

D 

2.758 

34.658 

15,555 

22.400 

112.60 

L 

3.311 

41.612 

18,677 

26.895 

135.18 

F 

.208 

40.313 

18,094 

.055 

130.97 

8 

2.962 

37.219 

16,705 

24.055 

120.91 

K 

0.70 

4.119 

51.765 

23,233 

33.456 

155.69 

D 

2.979 

37.435 

16,802 

24.194 

112.60 

L 

3.607 

45.329 

20,345 

29.297 

136.34 

F 

.474 

43.660 

19,596 

28.218 

131.32 

S 

.238 

40.687 

18,262 

26.297 

122.37 

48-INCH   PIPE 


123 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

4.409 

55.407 

24,868 

35.811 

155.89 

D 

3.185 

40.020 

17,962 

25.865 

112.60 

L 

.885 

48.817 

21,910 

31.551 

137.35 

F 

.719 

46.737 

20,977 

30.206 

131.49 

S 

.498 

43.951 

19,726 

28.406 

123.65 

K 

0.90 

4.681 

58.826 

26,403 

38.020 

156.04 

D 

3.378 

42.447 

19,051 

27.434 

112.60 

L 

4.147 

52.114 

23,390 

33.681 

138.23 

F 

3.950 

49.639 

22,279 

32.082 

131.67 

S 

.744 

47  .  049 

21,117 

30.408 

124.80 

K 

1.0 

4.938 

62.055 

27,852 

40.107 

156.16 

D 

3.561 

44.743 

20,082 

28.918 

112.60 

L 

4.397 

55.252 

24,799 

35.710 

139.04 

F 

.175 

52.465 

23,548 

33.909 

132.03 

S 

3.979 

50.002 

22,442 

32.317 

125.83 

K 

1.5 

6  .  032 

76.182 

34,193 

49.237 

156.53 

D 

4.361 

54  .  800 

24,595 

35.417 

112.60 

L 

5.506 

69.196 

31,057 

44.722 

142.17 

F 

.141 

64.609 

28,998 

41.854 

132.75 

S 

.030 

63  .  209 

28,370 

40.853 

129.87 

K 

2.0 

7.008 

88.071 

39,529 

56.921 

156.71 

D 

5.036 

63.277 

28,400 

40.896 

112.60 

L 

6.460 

81.175 

36,434 

52.464 

144.44 

F 

5.953 

74.808 

33,576 

48.349 

133.11 

S 

.940 

74.645 

33,503 

48  .  244 

132.82 

K 

3.0 

8.594 

107.990 

48,470 

69.796 

156.90 

D 

6.167 

77.498 

34,783 

50.087 

112.60 

L 

8.090 

101.660 

45,628 

65.704 

147.36 

F 

7.321 

92.001 

41,292 

59.461 

133.67 

3 

.509 

94.361 

42,351 

60.986 

137.10 

K 

4.0 

9.929 

124.770 

56,002 

80.642 

157.00 

D 

7.121 

89.487 

40,164 

57.836 

112.60 

L 

9.490 

119.260 

53,527 

77.078 

150.05 

F 

8.489 

106.680 

47,881 

68.948 

134.23 

3 

.867 

111.430 

50,013 

72.018 

140.21 

K 

5.0 

11.105 

139.550 

62,634 

90.192 

157.05 

D 

7.962 

100.051 

44,905 

64.663 

112.60 

L 

10.742 

134.983 

60,585 

87.241 

151.91 

F 

9  .  532 

119.776 

53,759 

77.412 

134.79 

S 

10.088 

126.771 

56,899 

81.933 

142.66 

K 

6.0 

12.168 

152.904 

68,628 

98.824 

157.09 

D 

8.722 

109.600 

49,191 

70.835 

112.60 

L 

11.886 

149.355 

67,035 

96.530 

153.44 

F 

10.456 

131.395 

58,974 

84.922 

134.99 

S 

1  1  .  209 

140.861 

63,222 

91.040 

144.71 

124 


48-INCH  PIPE 


Fall 

Mean 

J 

DISCHARGE 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

c 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

7.0 

13.145 
9.420 
lz.947 
11.310 
12.254 

165.19 
118.38 
162.70 
142.12 
153.99 

74,140 
53,132 
73,023 
63,788 
69,115 

106.760 
76.510 
105.150 
91.855 
99.525 

157.12 
112.60 
154.74 
135.18 
146.46 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

8.0 

14.054 
10.071 
13.943 
12.108 
13.237 

176.61 
126.55 
175.21 
152.15 
166.35 

79,269 
56,801 
78,641 
68,291 
74,661 

114.140 
81.793 
113.240 
98.338 
107.510 

157.13 
112.60 
155.89 
135.37 
147.65 

K 
D 
L 

F 

S 

9.0 

14.908 
10.681 
14.885 
12.842 
14.170 

187.35 
134.23 
187.05 
161,38 
178.07 

84,085 
60,246 
83,952 
72,432 
79,921 

121  .080 
86.754 
120.890 
104.300 
115.090 

157.15 
112.60 
156.90 
135.37 
149.36 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

10.0 

15.716 
11.259 
15.781 
13.556 
15.060 

197.50 
141.49 
198.31 
170.35 
189.25 

88,642 
63,505 
89,008 
76,459 
84,940 

127.650 
91  .447 
128.170 
110.100 
122.310 

157.16 
112.60 
157.81 
135.56 
150.60 

D 
F 

11.0 

11.809 
14.218 

148.39 
178.67 

66,605 
80,192 

95.911 
115.470 

112.60 
135.56 

D 
F 

12.0 

12.334 
14.871 

154.99 
186.88 

69,567 
83,876 

100.17 
120.78 

112.60 
135.76 

D 

F 

13.0 

12.838 
15.478 

161.32 
194.51 

72,407 
87,301 

104.27 
125.71 

112.60 
135.76 

D 

14.0 

13.322 

167.41 

75,140 

108.20 

112.60 

D 

15.0 

13.790 

173.29 

77,778 

112.00 

112.60 

D 

16.0 

14.242 

178.97 

80,329 

115.67 

112.60 

D 

17.0 

14.680 

184.48 

82,800 

119.23 

112.60 

D 

18.0 

15.106 

189.83 

85,202 

122.69 

112.60 

54-INCH  PIPE 


125 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

C 

K 

0.10 

1.605 

25.531 

11,459 

16.501 

151.35 

D 

.196 

19.016 

8,535 

12.290 

112.73 

L 

.329 

21.143 

9,489 

13.665 

125.33 

F 

.402 

22.302 

10,010 

14.414 

132.21 

S 

.122 

17.838 

8,006 

11.529 

105.76 

K 

0.12 

1.773 

28.198 

12,656 

18.224 

152.59 

D 

.310 

20.831 

9,350 

13.463 

112.73 

L 

.471 

23.394 

10,500 

15.120 

126.60 

F 

.538 

24.464 

10,980 

.811 

132.39 

S 

.246 

19.820 

8,896 

12.810 

107.26 

K 

0-15 

2.003 

31.857 

14,298 

20  .  589 

154.19 

D 

1.464 

23  .  290 

10,453 

15.052 

112.73 

L 

.665 

26.479 

11,884 

17.113 

128.16 

F 

.722 

27.389 

12,293 

.702 

132.57 

S 

.418 

22.497 

10,121 

14.574 

109.14 

K 

0-20 

2.329 

37  .  045 

16,627 

23.943 

155.28 

D 

1.691 

26.893 

12,070 

17.381 

112.73 

L 

.953 

31.062 

13,941 

20.076 

130.20 

F 

.994 

.713 

14,234 

.496 

132.93 

S 

.674 

26.628 

11,952 

17.210 

114.21 

K 

0-30 

2.880 

45  .  800 

20,556 

29.601 

156.75 

D 

.071 

32.936 

14,782 

21.287 

112.73 

L 

.446 

38.901 

17,460 

25.142 

133.14 

F 

.452 

39.002 

17,505 

.207 

133.48 

S 

.117 

33.661 

15,108 

21.656 

115.20 

K 

0-40 

3.341 

53.144 

23,852 

34.347 

157.52 

D 

2.391 

38.032 

17,069 

24.580 

112.73 

.  L 

.869 

45  .  635 

20,482 

29.494 

135.26 

F 

.843 

,223 

20,297 

.228 

134.04 

S 

.499 

39.751 

17,841 

25.107 

117.82 

K 

0.50 

3.744 

59  .  553 

26,729 

38.489 

157.88 

D 

2.674 

42.521 

19,084 

27.482 

112.73 

L 

3.248 

51  .  652 

23,183 

33.383 

136.93 

F 

.188 

50.704 

22,757 

32.771 

134.42 

3 

2.844 

45  .  224 

20,298 

29.229 

119.89 

K 

0.60 

4.113 

65.416 

29,360 

42.279 

158.31 

D 

2.929 

46.580 

20,906 

30.105 

112.73 

L 

3.593 

57.152 

25,651 

36.938 

138.31 

F 

.507 

55.779 

25,035 

.050 

134.99 

S 

.160 

50  .  250 

22,554 

32.477 

121.61 

K 

0.70 

4.449 

70.759 

31,759 

45.732 

158.54 

D 

3.163 

50.311 

22,581 

32.517 

112.73 

L 

.915 

62.257 

27,943 

40.237 

139.49 

F 

.799 

60.419 

27,118 

39.049 

135.37 

S 

.454 

54.934 

24,656 

35.504 

123.08 

126 


54-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

* 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

4.761 

75.728 

33,989 

48.944 

158.71 

D 

3.382 

53.786 

24,140 

34.762 

112.73 

L 

4.216 

67.047 

30,093 

43.334 

140.52 

F 

.067 

64.683 

29,032 

41.805 

135.56 

S 

3.731 

59.342 

26,634 

38.353 

124.37 

K 

0.90 

5.055 

80.390 

36,081 

51.956 

158.85 

D 

3.587 

57.04 

25,604 

36.870 

112.73 

L 

4.500 

71.575 

32,125 

46.260 

141.43 

F 

.320 

68.704 

30,386 

44.404 

135.76 

S 

3.994- 

63.521 

28,510 

41.054 

125.51 

K 

1.0 

5.332 

84.797 

38,059 

54.805 

158.90 

D 

3.781 

60.134 

26,989 

38.865 

112.73 

L 

4.771 

75.886 

34,060 

49.084 

142.26 

F 

.580 

72.838 

32,692 

47.076 

136.54 

S 

.245 

67.510 

30,301 

43.632 

126.55 

K 

1.5 

6.544 

104.070 

46,711 

67.264 

159.29 

D 

4.631 

73.649 

33,056 

47.600 

112.73 

L 

5.975 

95.036 

42,655 

61.423 

145.46 

F 

.634 

89.600 

40,216 

57.909 

137.14 

S 

.366 

85.342 

38,304 

55.157 

130.62 

K 

2.0 

7.564 

120.300 

53,993 

77.750 

159.46 

D 

5.347 

85.043 

38,169 

54.964 

112.73 

L 

7.010 

111.49 

50,039 

72.056 

147.78 

F 

6.534 

103.92 

46,641 

67.163 

137.74 

S 

.337 

100.78 

45,233 

65.136 

133.58 

K 

3.0 

9.273 

147.45 

66,196 

95.322 

159.62 

D 

6.549 

104.15 

46,747 

67.316 

112.73 

L 

8.779 

139.62 

62,667 

90.241 

151.11 

F 

.050 

128.03 

57,463 

82.747 

138.56 

S 

.010 

127.40 

57,181 

82.340 

137.88 

K 

4.0 

10.714 

170.40 

76,479 

110.130 

159.71 

D 

7.562 

120.27 

53,979 

77.730 

112.73 

L 

10.298 

163.80 

73,516 

105.860 

153  .52 

F 

9.337 

148.50 

66,652 

95.978 

139.19 

S 

.459 

150.44 

67,524 

97.234 

141.01 

K 

5.0 

11.982 

190.57 

85,532 

123.170 

159.76 

D 

8.454 

134.46 

60,352 

86.906 

112.73 

L 

11.656 

185.39 

83,209 

119.820 

155.42 

F 

10.455 

166.28 

74,633 

107.470 

139.40 

S 

.761 

171.16 

76,821 

110.620 

143.49 

K 

6.0 

13.128 

208.80 

93,715 

134.959 

159.79 

D 

9.261 

147.29 

66,112 

95.201 

112.73 

L 

12.898 

205.13 

92,068 

132.578 

156.98 

F 

11.470 

182.43 

81,881 

117.907 

139.61 

S 

.958 

190.18 

85,359 

122.916 

145.54 

54-INCH  PIPE 


127 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

7.0 

14.183 
10.003 
14.050 
12.389 
13.072 

225.56 
159.10 
223.45 
197.05 
207.91 

101,240 
71,408 
100,290 
88,440 
93,315 

146.46 
102.82 
144.42 
127.36 
134.38 

159.82 
112.73 
158.32 
139.61 
147.31 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

8.0 

15.163 
10.694 
15.131 
13.245 
14.121 

241.16 
170.08 
240.64 
210.65 
224.59 

108,240 
76,339 
108,010 
94,548 
100,800 

155.86 
109.93. 
155.53 
136.15 
145.15 

159.82 
112.73 
159.49 
139.61 

148.85 

D 
F 

S 

9.0 

11.342 
14.069 
15.116 

180.40 
223.77 
240.41 

80,969 
100,430 
108,000 

116.59 
144.62 
155.38 

112.73 
139.82 
150.22 

D 
F 

10.0 

11.956 
14.830 

190.16 
235.87 

85,349 
105,860 

122.90 
152.44 

112.73 
139.82 

D 
F 

11.0 

12.540 
15.554 

199.44 
247.38 

89,516 
111,030 

128.90 
159.89 

112.73 
139.82 

D 

12.0 

13.097 

208.31 

93,495 

134.63 

112.73 

D 

13.0 

13.632 

216.82 

97,313 

140.13 

112.73 

D 

14.0 

14.147 

225.00 

100,990 

145.42 

112.73 

D 

15.0 

14.643 

232.90 

104,530 

150.52 

112.73 

D 

16.0 

15.124 

240.54 

107,960 

155.46 

112.73 

128 


60-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

TT         Ct 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.   o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1.727 

33.915 

15,222 

21.919 

154.49 

D 

.261 

24.767 

11,116 

16.007 

112.82 

L 

.430 

28.082 

12,604 

18.149 

127.92 

F 

.518 

29.802 

13,376 

19.262 

135.76 

S 

.190 

23.368 

10,488 

15.103 

106.45 

K 

0.12 

1.906 

37.424 

16,797 

24.187 

155.62 

D 

.382 

27.150 

12,177 

17.535 

112.82 

L 

.583 

31.072 

13,946 

20.082 

129.21 

F 

.665 

32.694 

14,674 

21.130 

135.95 

S 

.322 

25.965 

11,653 

16.704 

107.97 

K 

0.15 

2.147 

42.162 

18,923 

27.249 

156.81 

D 

1  .  545 

30.334 

13,615 

19.605 

112.82 

L 

.791 

35.168 

15,784 

22.729 

130.80 

F 

.864 

36.606 

16,430 

23.659 

136.15 

S 

.504 

29.676 

13,320 

19.180 

109.87 

K 

0.20 

2.499 

49.075 

22,026 

31.717 

158.07 

D 

1.784 

35.026 

15,721 

22.638 

112.82 

L 

2.101 

41.256 

18,517 

26  .  664 

132.88 

F 

.156 

42.329 

18,999 

27.358 

136.34 

S 

1.777 

34.884 

15,657 

22  .  546 

112.36 

K 

0.30 

3.087 

60.609 

27,203 

39.172 

159.40 

D 

2.185 

42.898 

19,254 

27.726 

112.82 

L 

.631 

51.668 

23,190 

33.394 

135.88 

F 

.656 

52.145 

23,404 

.702 

137.14 

S 

.246 

44.097 

19,792 

28.500 

115.97 

K 

0.40 

3.580 

70.291 

31,548 

45.429 

160.10 

D 

2.523 

49  .  534 

22,232 

32.015 

112.82 

L 

3.087 

60.612 

27,204 

39.175 

138.05 

F 

.080 

.477 

27,144 

.087 

137.74 

S 

2.652 

52.075 

23,373 

33.657 

118.61 

K 

0.50 

4.013 

78.797 

35,366 

50.915 

160.52 

D 

2.821 

55.382 

24,857 

35.794 

112.82 

L 

3.494 

68.604 

30,792 

44.339 

139.75 

F 

.454 

67.817 

30,438 

43.840 

138.15 

S 

.017 

59  .  245 

26,591 

38.291 

120.69 

K 

0.60 

4.404 

86.475 

38,812 

55.876 

160.81 

D 

3.090 

60.668 

27,230 

39.210 

112.82 

L 

.866 

75.908 

34,070 

49.060 

141.16 

F 

.795 

74.511 

33,443 

48.157 

138.56 

S 

.353 

65.829 

29,546 

42.546 

122.42 

K 

0.70 

4.763 

93.523 

41,976 

60.445 

161.02 

D 

3.337 

65  .  528 

29,411 

42.352 

112.82 

L 

4.192 

82.690 

37,122 

53  .  443 

142.37 

F 

.111 

80.722 

36,230 

52.171 

138.98 

S 

3.665 

71.965 

32,300 

46.512 

123.90 

60-INCH  PIPE 


129 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    0. 

Gallons 
per  Mia. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

5.097 

100.070 

44,918 

64.681 

161.18 

D 

3.568 

70.053 

31,442 

45.280 

112.82 

L 

4.535 

89.051 

39,969 

57.555 

143.42 

F 

.408 

86.557 

38,849 

55.942 

139.40 

S 

3.959 

77.739 

34,892 

50.244 

125.20 

K 

0.90 

5.410 

106.230 

47,649 

68  .  658 

161.30 

D 

3.784 

74.302 

33,349 

48.020 

112.82 

L 

4.842 

95.065 

42,668 

61.442 

144.35 

F 

.683 

91.945 

41,268 

59.425 

139.61 

S 

.238 

83.215 

37,349 

53.782 

126.35 

K 

1.0 

5.707 

112.040 

50,289 

72.417 

161.40 

D 

3.989 

78.321 

35,152 

50.620 

112.82 

L 

5.133 

100.790 

45,238 

65.142 

145.19 

F 

4.944 

99.325 

44,580 

64.195 

139.82 

S 

.504 

88.440 

39,695 

57.160 

127.40 

K 

1.5 

7.002 

137.480 

61,706 

88.856 

161.70 

D 

4.885 

95.924 

43,054 

62.000 

112.82 

L 

6.429 

126.230 

56,654 

81.581 

148.46 

F 

.101 

119.790 

53,767 

77.425 

140.90 

S 

5.694 

111.800 

50,179 

72.257 

131.49 

K 

2.0 

8.093 

158.89 

71,318 

102.690 

161.85 

D 

5.641 

110.76 

49,714 

71.590 

112.82 

L 

7.542 

148.08 

66,461 

95.704 

150.83 

F 

.067 

138.82 

62,277 

89.679 

141.33 

S 

6.724 

132.03 

59,257 

85.330 

134.48 

K 

3.0 

9.921 

194.79 

87,428 

125.89 

162.00 

D 

6.909 

135.65 

60,886 

87.68 

112.82 

L 

9.445 

185.45 

83,234 

119.85 

154.23 

F 

8.682 

170.47 

76,512 

110.17 

141.78 

S 

.500 

166.89 

74,907 

107.86 

138.80 

K 

4.0 

11.460 

225.03 

101,000 

145.43 

162.08 

D 

7.978 

156.64 

70,305 

101.24 

112.82 

L 

11.080 

217.55 

97,643 

140.61 

156.69 

F 

10.088 

198.08 

88,906 

128.02 

142.67 

S 

.038 

197.09 

88,461 

127.38 

141  .96 

K 

5.0 

12.817 

251.66 

112,950 

162.65 

162.12 

D 

8.920 

175.13 

78,605 

113.19 

112.82 

L 

12.541 

246  .  24 

110,520 

159.15 

158.62 

F 

11.297 

221.82 

99,559 

143.36 

142.90 

S 

.420 

224.22 

100,640 

144.92 

144.44 

K 

6.0 

14.043 

275.73 

123,750 

178.21 

162.15 

D 

9.771 

191.85 

86,107 

123.99 

112.82 

L 

13.876 

272.45 

122,280 

176.09 

160.22 

F 

12.415 

243.76 

109,410 

157.55 

143.35 

S 

.689 

249.15 

111,820 

161.02 

146.51 

130 


60-INCH   PIPE 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 
D 

L 
F 

S 

7.0 

15.170 
10.553 
15.115 
13.431 
.871 

292.77 
207.22 
296.79 
263.72 
272.37 

133,690 
93,006 
133,210 
118,360 
122,250 

193.85 
133.92 
191.82 
170.44 
176.03 

162.18 
112.82 
161.59 
143.58 
148.29 

D 
F 

S 

8.0 

11.282 
14.358 
.984 

221.52 
281.93 
294.22 

99,428 
126,540 
132,050 

143.17 
182.21 
190.16 

112.82 
143.58 
149.84 

D 
F 

S 

9.0 

11.966 
15.253 
16.040 

234.97 
299.50 
314.95 

105,460 
134,420 
141,360 

151.85 
193.57 
203.56 

112.82 
143.81 
151.23 

D 

10.0 

12.613 

247.67 

111,160 

160.07 

112.82 

D 

11.0 

13.229 

259.76 

116,590 

167.89 

112.82 

D 

12.0 

13.817 

271.50 

121,770 

175.35 

112.82 

D 

13.0 

14.382 

282.39 

126,740 

182.51 

112.82 

D 

14.0 

14.925 

293.05 

131,530 

189.40 

112.82 

D 

15.0 

15.449 

303.34 

136,150 

196.05 

112   82 

66-INCH   PIPE 


131 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

1  .845 

43.823 

19,669 

28.323 

157.30 

D 

.324 

31.456 

14,118 

20.330 

112.91 

L 

.528 

36.302 

16,293 

23.462 

130.30 

F 

.612 

38.318 

17,198 

24.765 

137.54 

S 

.259 

29.921 

13,430 

19.338 

107.40 

K 

0.12 

2.034 

48.319 

21,687 

31.229 

158.33 

D 

1.450 

34.459 

15,466 

22.271 

112.91 

L 

.691 

40.168 

18,028 

25.961 

131.62 

F 

.767 

41.975 

18,839 

27.129 

137.54 

S 

.399 

33.247 

14,922 

21.488 

108.94 

X 

0.15 

2.289 

54.393 

24,413 

35.236 

159.41 

D 

1.622 

38.526 

17,291 

24.900 

112.91 

L 

.914 

45.463 

20,405 

29.383 

133.24 

F 

.978 

46.999 

21,095 

30.376 

137.74 

S 

.592 

37.824 

16,977 

24  .  446 

110.85 

K 

0.20 

2.663 

63.257 

28,392 

40.884 

160.55 

D 

1.872 

44.486 

19,966 

28.752 

112.91 

L 

2.245 

53.334 

23,938 

34.470 

135.36 

F 

.291 

54.431 

24,431 

35.180 

138.15 

S 

1.880 

44.667 

20,048 

28.868 

113.37 

K 

0.30 

3.285 

78.053 

35,032 

50.446 

161.75 

D 

2.293 

54.484 

24,454 

35.213 

112.91 

L 

.811 

66.793 

29,979 

43.169 

138.42 

F 

.827 

67.163 

30,145 

43  .  408 

139.19 

S 

.377 

56.464 

25,343 

36.493 

117.01 

K 

0.40 

3.808 

90.479 

40,610 

58.478 

162.39 

D 

2.648 

62.913 

28,237 

40.661    . 

112.91 

L 

3.298 

78.356 

35,168 

50.642 

140.63 

F 

.272 

77.906 

34,966 

50.352 

139.82 

S 

2.806 

66.679 

29,928 

43.095 

119.67 

K 

0.50 

4.268 

101.400 

45,511 

65.536 

162.74 

D 

2.961 

70.339 

31,570 

45.461 

112.91 

L 

3.733 

88  .  687 

39,805 

57.319 

142.36 

F 

.677 

87.369 

39,214 

56.468 

140.05 

S 

.193 

75.860 

34,048 

49.029 

121.77 

K 

0.60 

4.683 

111.260 

49,936 

71.907 

163.03 

D 

3.243 

77.053 

34,583 

49.800 

112.91 

L 

4.130 

98.130 

44,043 

63.422 

143.79 

F 

.035 

95  .  854 

43,022 

61.951 

140.46 

S 

3.548 

84.291 

37,832 

54.478 

123.52 

K 

0.70 

5  .  064 

120.310 

53,998 

77.757 

163.22 

D 

3.503 

83.226 

37,354 

53.790 

112.91 

L 

4.499 

106.900 

47,978 

69.088 

145.02 

F 

.  365 

103.690 

46,541 

67.018 

140.68 

S 

3  .  879 

92.147 

41,358 

59  .  555 

125.02 

132 


66-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

1^00 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

5.418 

128.730 

57,777 

83.199 

163.36 

D 

3.745 

88.973 

39,933 

57  .  504 

112.91 

L 

4.845 

115.120 

51,669 

74.403 

146.09 

F 

.673 

111.020 

49,832 

71.756 

140.90 

S 

.201 

99.805 

44,795 

64  .  505 

126.66 

K 

0.90 

5.751 

136.630 

61,324 

88.306 

163.48 

D 

3.972 

94.369 

42,355 

60.991 

112.91 

L 

5.]  73 

122.890 

55,158 

79.427 

147.04 

F 

4.972 

118.120 

53,016 

76.343 

141  .33 

S 

.485 

106.550 

47,823 

68.866 

127.49 

K 

1.0 

6.065 

144.100 

64,676 

93.132 

163.57 

D 

4.187 

99.474 

44,646 

64.291 

112.91 

L 

5.484 

130.300 

58,482 

84.213 

147.90 

F 

.257 

124.900 

56,060 

80.725 

141.78 

S 

4.766 

113.250 

50,827 

73.190 

128.54 

K 

1.5 

7.441 

176.78 

79,342 

114.250 

163.83 

D 

5.128 

121.83 

54,681 

78.741 

112.91 

L 

6.868 

163.18 

73,239 

105.460 

151.23 

F 

.490 

154.18 

69,202 

99.651 

142.90 

S 

.025 

143.15 

64,251 

92.521 

132.67 

K 

2.0 

8.599 

'  204  .  29 

91,692 

132.040 

163.97 

D 

5.921 

140.67 

63,140 

90.922 

112.91 

L 

8.057 

191.43 

85,917 

123.720 

153.64 

F 

7.518 

178.60 

80,163 

115.430 

143.35 

S 

.115 

169.05 

75,876 

109.260 

135.68 

K 

3.0 

10.540 

250.41 

112,390 

161.84 

164.11 

D 

7  .  252 

172.29 

77,330 

111.35 

112.91 

L 

10.090 

239  .  73 

107,600 

154.94 

157.11 

F 

9.251 

219.80 

98,651 

142.05 

144.04 

S 

8.995 

213.70 

95,916 

138.12 

140.05 

K 

4.0 

12.176 

289.28 

129,840 

186.96 

164.18 

D 

8.374 

198.94 

89,293 

128.58 

112.91 

L 

11.837 

281.24 

126,220 

181.76 

159.61 

F 

10.734 

255  .  04 

114,460 

1  64  .  83 

144.74 

S 

.622 

252.37 

113,270 

163.11 

143.23 

K 

5.0 

13.616 

323.50 

145,200 

209  .  08 

164.22 

D 

9.362 

222.43 

99,834 

143.76 

112.91 

L 

13.398 

318.32 

142,870 

205.73 

161.58 

F 

12.041 

286.08 

128,400 

184.89 

145.22 

S 

.084 

287.11 

128,860 

185.56 

145.74 

K 

6.0 

14.918 

354.43 

159,080 

229.07 

164.24 

D 

10.255 

243.66 

109,360 

1  57  .  48 

112.91 

L 

14.824 

352.21 

158,080 

227.63 

163.21 

F 

13.190 

313.38 

140,650 

202  .  54 

145.22 

S 

.427 

319.02 

143,180 

206.18 

147.83 

66-INCH  PIPE 


133 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 

F 

S 

7.0 

16.115 
11.077 
16.149 
14.271 
.679 

382.88 
263.18 
383.67 
339.05 
348.75 

171,850 
118,120 
172,210 
152,170 
156,530 

247.46 
170.09 
247.97 
219.13 
225.40 

164.26 
112.91 
164.60 
145.46 
149.62 

D 
F 

S 

8.0 

11.842 
15.256 
.857 

281.35 
362.46 
376.73 

126,280 
162,680 
169,090 

181.84 
234.27 
243.48 

112.91 
145.46 
151.18 

D 

9.0 

12.561   ' 

298.42 

133,940 

192.87 

112.91 

D 

10.0 

13.240 

314.56 

141,180 

203.30 

112.91 

D 

11.0 

13.884 

329.88 

148,060 

213.20 

112.91 

D 

12.0 

14.503 

344  .  59 

154,660 

222.71 

112.91 

D 

13.0 

15.096 

358.66 

160,970 

231.80 

112.91 

134 


73-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
6er  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

1.957 

55.345 

24,840 

35.771 

156.20 

D 

.381 

39.120 

17,560 

25.290 

112.99 

L 

.623 

45.891 

20,597 

29.660 

132.54 

F 

.712 

48.413 

21,729 

31  .290 

139.82 

S 

.318 

37.274 

16,729 

24.090 

107.65 

K 

0.12 

2.157 

60.982 

27,370 

39.414 

160.77 

D 

1.516 

42.860 

19,236 

27.700 

112.99 

L 

.796 

50.778 

22,791 

32.819 

133.87 

F 

.876 

53.033 

23,803 

34.276 

139.82 

S 

.465 

41.426 

18,593 

26.774 

109.22 

K 

0.15 

2.426 

68.596 

30,788 

44.335 

161  .75 

D 

1.695 

47.870 

21,507 

30.970 

112.99 

L 

2.033 

57.472 

25,795 

37.145 

135.53 

F 

.097 

59.294 

26,613 

38  .  322 

139.82 

S 

1.666 

47.118 

21,148 

30.452 

111  .11 

K 

0.20 

2.826 

79.897 

35,860 

51.639 

163.16 

D 

1.957 

55.330 

24,834 

35.760 

112.99 

L 

2.385 

67.422 

30,261 

43.575 

137.68 

F 

.425 

68  .  572 

30,777 

44.319 

140.04 

S 

1.968 

55.642 

24,974 

35.879 

113.63 

K 

0.30 

3.476 

98.279 

44,110 

63.520 

163.87 

D 

2.397 

67.770 

30,415 

43.800 

112.99 

L 

.986 

84.436 

37,897 

54.572 

140.79 

F 

3.003 

.893 

38,102 

.867 

141.55 

S 

2.488 

70.337 

31,569 

45.459 

117.28 

K 

0.40 

4.028 

113.880 

51,112 

73.602 

164.44 

D 

2.768 

78.250 

35,120 

50.570 

112.99 

L 

3.503 

99  .  054 

44,458 

64.019 

143.04 

F 

.472 

98.180 

44,066 

63.454 

141.78 

S 

2.938 

83  .  063 

37,281 

53.684 

119.94 

K 

0.50 

4.512 

127.59 

57,265 

82.274 

164.78 

D 

3.094 

87.49 

39,266 

56.540 

112.99 

L 

.965 

112.11 

50,320 

72.461 

144.81 

F 

.888 

109.94 

49,345 

71.056 

142.00 

S 

.342 

94.50 

42,414 

61.076 

122.05 

K 

0.60 

4.950 

139.97 

62,822 

90  .  465 

165.02 

D 

3.390 

95.84 

43,014 

61  .940 

112.99 

L 

4.387 

124.05 

55,677 

80.175 

146.26 

F 

.273 

120.81 

54,224 

78.082 

142.44 

S 

3.713 

104.99 

47,123 

67.856 

123.79 

K 

0.70 

5  .  352 

151.34 

67,923 

97.812 

165.19 

D 

3.661 

103.51 

46,460 

66.900 

112.99 

L 

4.779 

135.13 

60,651 

87  .  338 

147.51 

F 

.631 

130.91 

58,754 

84.606 

142.90 

S 

.060 

114.79 

51,519 

74.188 

125.30 

73-INCH  PIPE 


135 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Miii. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

C 

K 

0.80 

5.726 

161.90 

72,669 

104.640 

165.32 

D 

3.959 

111.94 

50,243 

72.350 

112.99 

L 

5.147 

145.53 

65,318 

94.057 

148.60 

F 

4.965 

140.39 

63,011 

90.736 

143.35 

S 

.386 

123.99 

55,653 

80.140 

126.61 

K 

0.90 

6.077 

171.84 

77,123 

111.320 

165.42 

D 

4.150 

117.37 

52,680 

75.860 

112.99 

L 

5.495 

155.36 

69,728 

100.410 

149.56 

F 

.275 

149.15 

66,941 

96.394 

143.58 

S 

4.696 

132.73 

59,575 

85.787 

127.78 

K 

1.0 

6.409 

181.22 

81,336 

117.130 

165.50 

D 

4.376 

123.72 

55,530 

79.960 

112.99 

L 

5.826 

164.71 

73,928 

106.450 

150.43 

F 

.569 

157.46 

70,674 

101.770 

143.81 

S 

4.989 

141.07 

63,315 

91.174 

128.84 

K 

1.5 

7.861 

222.28 

99,763 

143.66 

165.74 

D 

5.359 

151.53 

68,011 

97.94 

112.99 

L 

7.296 

206.28 

92,585 

133.32 

153.82 

F 

6.843 

193.48 

86,838 

125.05 

144.26 

S 

.307 

178.32 

80,037 

115.25 

132.97 

K 

2.0 

9.084 

256  .  85 

115,280 

166.01 

165.87 

D 

6.188 

174.97 

78,533 

113.08 

112.99 

L 

8.559 

241.99 

108,610 

156.40 

156.27 

F 

7.953 

224.87 

100,930 

145.34 

145.22 

S 

.448 

210.59 

94,519 

136.11 

136.00 

K 

3.0 

11.108 

314.08 

140,970 

203.00 

165.99 

D 

7.579 

214.29 

96,181 

138.50 

112.99 

L 

10.718 

303  .  06 

136,020 

195.87 

159.80 

F 

9  .  805 

277.23 

124,430 

179.18 

146.18 

S 

.415 

266.21 

119,480 

172.05 

140.37 

K 

4.0 

12.861 

363.64 

163,210 

235  .  03 

166.05 

D 

8.752 

247.44 

111,060 

159.92 

112.99 

L 

12.574 

355.52 

159,570 

229.78 

162.35 

F 

11.341 

320.65 

143,910 

207.24 

146.43 

S 

.119 

314.37 

141,100 

203.18 

143.56 

K 

5.0 

14.384 

406.70 

182,540 

262.85 

166.09 

D 

9  .  785 

276.65 

124,170 

178.80 

112.99 

L 

14.232 

402.40 

180,610 

260.08 

164.35 

F 

12.701 

359  .  1  1 

161,170 

232.09 

146.67 

S 

.649 

357.65 

160,530 

231.15 

146.08 

K 

6.0 

15.759 

445.57 

199,990 

287.98 

166.11 

D 

10.718 

303.  C6 

136,020 

195.87 

112.99 

L 

15.747 

445.24 

199,840 

287.77 

166.01 

F 

13.963 

394.03 

176,850 

254.67 

146.91 

S 

14.055 

397.40 

178,360 

256.85 

148.17 

136 


73-INCH  PIPE 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

D 
F 

S 

7.0 

1  1  .  550 
15.078 
.365 

327.34 
426.31 
434.44 

146,920 
191,340 
194,990 

211.56 
275.53 
280.78 

112.99 
147.16 
149.96 

D 

8.0 

12.520 

354.00 

158,880 

228.79 

112.99 

D 

9.0 

13.127 

371.25 

166,590 

239.89 

112.99 

D 

10.0 

13.805 

391.24 

175,600 

252.86 

112.99 

D 

11.0 

14.513 

410.34 

184,170 

265.21 

112.99 

D 

12.0 

15.158 

428.59 

192,360 

277.00 

112.99 

78-INCH   PIPE 


137 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

2.067 

68.590 

30,785 

44.321 

162.15 

D 

1.441 

47.820 

21,462 

30.910 

113.04 

L 

.716 

56.936 

25,554 

36.798 

134.60 

F 

.810 

60.066 

26,960 

38.821 

142.00 

S 

.377 

45.692 

20,508 

29.531 

108.02 

K 

0.12 

2.276 

75.527 

33,899 

48.815 

162.99 

D 

1.579 

52.380 

23,510 

33.850 

113.04 

L 

.899 

63  .  000 

28,276 

40.717 

135.95 

F 

.983 

65.799 

29,533 

42.527 

142.00 

S 

.530 

51.005 

22,787 

32.813 

109.57 

K 

0.15 

2  .  559 

84.901 

38,106 

54.873 

163.87 

D 

1.765 

58.570 

26,285 

37.850 

113.04 

L 

2.149 

71.305 

32,003 

46.085 

137.63 

F 

.220 

73.682 

33,071 

47.621 

142.22 

S 

1.741 

57.759 

25,924 

37.330 

111.49 

K 

0.20 

2.971 

98.592 

44,251 

63.722 

164.80 

D 

1.038 

67.630 

30,352 

43.810 

113.04 

L 

.521 

83.649 

37,544 

54  .  063 

139.83 

F 

.564 

85.081 

38,187 

54.988 

142.22 

S 

.056 

68.209 

30,607 

44.074 

114.02 

K 

0.30 

3.660 

121.470 

54,517 

78.506 

165.78 

D 

2.496 

82.840 

37,181 

53.540 

113.04 

L 

3.157 

104.760 

47,018 

67.706 

142.98 

F 

.175 

105.370 

47,291 

68.099 

143.81 

S 

2.598 

86.224 

38,700 

55.728 

117.69 

K 

0.40 

4.240 

140.75 

63,145 

90.931 

166  .?0 

D 

2.882 

95.64 

42,924 

61.810 

113.04 

L 

3.704 

122.89 

55,158 

79.427 

145.26 

F 

.672 

121.86 

54,695 

78.761 

144.04 

S 

.069 

101.82 

45,701 

65.810 

120.36 

K 

0.50 

4.749 

157.59 

70,731 

101.860 

166.61 

D 

3.222 

106.92 

47,991 

69.110 

113.04 

L 

4.192 

139.10 

62,431 

89.900 

147.05 

F 

.119 

136.69 

61,351 

88.345 

144.51 

S 

3.491 

115.84 

51,994 

74.870 

122.47 

K 

0.60 

5.209 

172.85 

77,580 

111.720 

166.82 

D 

3.530 

117.13 

52,571 

75.700 

113.04 

L 

4.638 

153.91 

69,078 

99.472 

148.53 

F 

.535 

150.47 

67,535 

97.250 

145.22 

S 

3.879 

128.71 

57,771 

83.190 

124.22 

K 

0.70 

5.631 

186.87 

83,871 

120.780 

166.97 

D 

3.813 

126.51 

56,783 

81.770 

113.04 

L 

5.052 

167.65 

75,249 

108.360 

149.80 

F 

4.906 

162.79 

73,067 

105.220 

145.46 

S 

.240 

140.71 

63,156 

90.943 

125.73 

138 


78-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uq 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.80 

6.025 

199.91 

89,726 

129.20 

167.08 

D 

4.076 

135.28 

60,718 

87.43 

113.04 

L 

5.441 

180.56 

81,040 

116.84 

150.91 

F 

.253 

174.32 

78,240 

112.67 

145.70 

S 

4.581 

152.01 

68,225 

98.24 

127.05 

K 

0.90 

6.408 

212.64 

95'438 

137.43 

167.17 

D 

4.323 

143.45 

64,385 

92.72 

113.04 

L 

5.809 

192.75 

86,511 

124.57 

151.89 

F 

.581 

185.20 

83,123 

119.70 

145.94 

S 

4.904 

162.71 

73,030 

105.16 

128.22 

K 

1.0 

6.742 

223.72 

100,410 

144.60 

167.25 

D 

4.557 

151.21 

67,869 

97.73 

113.04 

L 

6.158 

204.36 

91,721 

132.08 

152.77 

F 

5.893 

195.54 

87,765 

126.38 

146.18 

S 

.211 

173.33 

77,616 

111.76 

129.28 

K 

1.5 

8.268 

274.36 

123,140 

177.33 

167.46 

D 

5.581 

185.20 

83,122 

1  1  9  .  69 

113.04 

L 

7.713 

255.93 

114,870 

165.41 

156.21 

F 

.253 

240.69 

108,030 

155.56 

146.91 

S 

6.588 

218.60 

98,116 

141  .29 

133.43 

K 

2.0 

9  .  553 

317.02 

142,290 

204.90 

167.57 

D 

6.445 

213.83 

95,973 

138.20 

113.04 

L 

9.048 

300  .  24 

134,750 

194.04 

158.71 

F 

8.461 

280.77 

126,020 

181  .46 

148.41 

S 

7.780 

258.16 

115,870 

166.85 

136.  4e 

K 

3.0 

11.708 

388.51 

174,370 

251  .10 

167.  68 

D 

7.893 

261  .91 

117,550 

169.28 

113.04 

L 

11.331 

376.00 

168,7(30 

243.01 

162.28 

F 

10.381 

344.46 

154,600 

222.63 

148.67 

S 

9  .  834 

326.33 

146,470 

210.91 

140.  8£ 

K 

4.0 

13.524 

448.77 

201,420 

290.05 

167.74 

D 

9.114 

302.42 

135,730 

195.46 

113.04 

L 

13.292 

441.09 

197,970 

285.08 

164.87 

F 

12.007 

398.43 

178,820 

257.51 

148.86 

S 

11.613 

385.38 

172,970 

249  .  07 

144.0! 

K 

5.0 

15.123 

501  .  83 

225,241 

P24.35 

167.77 

D 

10.189 

338.12 

151,760 

218.53 

113.04 

L 

15.045 

499.25 

224,080 

322.67 

166.91 

F 

13.448 

446  .  23 

200,280 

288.40 

149.1? 

S 

.213 

438.43 

196,780 

283.36 

146.5? 

D 

60 

11.162 

370.40 

166,240 

239.39 

1  1  3  .  04 

F 

14.757 

489  .  68 

219,780 

316.48 

149.44 

S 

.681 

487.16 

218,650 

314.86 

148.68 

78-INCH  PIPE 


139 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

D 
F 

S 

7.0 

12.056 
15.966 
16.049 

400.07 
529  .  82 
532.56 

179,560 
237,800 
239,030 

258  .  57 
342  .  43 
344.20 

113.04 
149.70 
150.48 

D 

8.0 

12.889 

427.70 

191,960 

276.42 

113.04 

D 

9.0 

13.670 

453.63 

203,600 

293.19 

113.04 

D 

10.0 

14.410 

478.17 

214,620 

309.05 

113.04 

D 

11.0 

15.113 

501.52 

225,090 

324.13 

113.04 

140 


84-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

UQJ 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

2.173 

83  .  626 

37,534 

54.049 

164.26 

D 

1.496 

57.580 

25,842 

37.210 

113.09 

L 

.806 

69.519 

31,202 

44.930 

136.55 

F 

.909 

73.452 

32,967 

47.472 

144.26 

S 

.437 

55.333 

24,823 

35.745 

108.63 

K 

0.12 

2.391 

92.030 

41,306 

59.481 

165.02 

D 

1.639 

63.070 

28,308 

40.760 

113.09 

L 

.998 

76.922 

34,525 

49.715 

137.93 

F 

2.094 

80.594 

36,173 

52.088 

144.51 

S 

1.597 

61.454 

27,582 

39.718 

110.19 

K 

0.15 

2.687 

103.390 

46,404 

66.823 

165.81 

D 

1.832 

70  .  520 

31,650 

45.580 

113.09 

L 

2.262 

87.062 

39,076 

56  .  269 

139.63 

F 

.345 

90.253 

40,508 

58.332 

144.74 

S 

1.817 

69.915 

31,380 

45.187 

112.13 

K 

0.20 

3.118 

119.980 

53,852 

77  .  548 

166.65 

D 

2.116 

81.430 

36,547 

52.630 

113.09 

L 

.654 

102.130 

45,841 

66.010 

141.85 

F 

.717 

104.550 

46,928 

67.576 

145.22 

S 

.145 

82.752 

37,056 

53.361 

114.67 

K 

0  30 

3.839 

147.72 

66,303 

95.477 

167.53 

D 

2.591 

99  .  73 

44,760 

64.450 

113.09 

L 

3.324 

127.91 

57,409 

82.668 

145.05 

F 

.349 

128.90 

57,855 

83.311 

146.18 

S 

2.712 

104.37 

46,844 

67.455 

118.36 

K 

0.40 

4.444 

171.04 

76,768 

110.550 

167.98 

D 

2.992 

115.15 

51,684 

74.430 

113.09 

L 

3.899 

150.05 

67,347 

96.980 

147.37 

F 

.881 

149.34 

67,029 

96.521 

146.67 

S 

.203 

123.25 

55,319 

79.658 

121.04 

K 

0.50 

4.977 

191.55 

85,973 

123.800 

168.26 

D 

3.345 

128.74 

57,785 

83.210 

113.09 

L 

4.413 

169.84 

76,227 

109.760 

149.19 

F 

.353 

167.53 

75,192 

108.280 

147.16 

S 

3.644 

140.22 

62,935 

90.625 

123.17 

K 

0.60 

5.459 

210.07 

94,284 

135.772 

168.45 

D 

3.665 

141.03 

63,301 

91.153 

113.09 

L 

4.883 

187.92 

84,343 

121.453 

150.69 

F 

.777 

183.83 

82,509 

118.812 

147.41 

S 

.049 

155.81 

69,930 

100.698 

124.94 

K 

0.70 

5.901 

227.08 

101,920 

146.767 

168.59 

D 

3.958 

152.33 

68,372 

98.455 

113.09 

L 

5.319 

204.70 

91,877 

132.303 

152.01 

F 

.168 

198.89 

89,269 

1  28  .  546 

147.66 

S 

4.426 

170.33 

76,447 

110.083 

126.45 

84-INCH  PIPE 


141 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.     0. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

6.312 

242.90 

109,020 

156.99 

168.69 

D 

4.232 

162.85 

73,093 

105.25 

113.09 

L 

5.728 

220.46 

98,946 

142.48 

153.09 

F 

.534 

212.99 

95,596 

137.66 

147.91 

S 

4.781 

183.99 

82,581 

118.92 

127.77 

K 

0.90 

6.698 

257.76 

115,690 

166.60 

168.77 

D 

4.488 

172.73 

77,526 

111.63 

113.09 

L 

6.115 

235.34 

105,620 

152.10 

154.09 

F 

5.880 

226.29 

101,560 

146.26 

148.16 

S 

.118 

196.95 

88,398 

127.29 

128.95 

K 

1.0 

7.063 

271.81 

122,000 

175.68 

168.83 

D 

4.731 

182.07 

81,720 

117.67 

113.09 

L 

6.484 

249  .  52 

111,730 

161.26 

154.98 

F 

.209 

238.94 

107,240 

154.43 

148.41 

S 

5.439 

209.32 

93,949 

135.28 

130.02 

K 

1.5 

8.660 

333.29 

149,590 

215.41 

169.03 

D 

5.445 

222.99 

100,080 

144.12 

113.09 

L 

8.120 

312.49 

140,250 

201.96 

158.48 

F 

7.670 

295.18 

132,490 

190.78 

149.70 

S 

6.876 

264.61 

118,760 

171.03 

134.19 

K 

2.0 

10.006 

385.06 

172,830 

248.87 

169.12 

D 

6.691 

257.49 

115,570 

166.42 

113.09 

L 

9.525 

366.58 

164,530 

236.93 

161.00 

F 

8.919 

343.25 

154,060 

221.85 

150.76 

S 

.120 

312.48 

140,250 

201.96 

137.24 

K 

3.0 

12.261 

471.88 

211,790 

304.99 

169.22 

D 

8.195 

315.36 

141,540 

203.82 

113.09 

L 

11.929 

459  .  09 

206,050 

296.72 

164.64 

F 

10.963 

421.88 

189,350 

272.67 

151.29 

S 

.264 

395.01 

177,290 

255.30 

141.66 

K 

4.0 

14.163 

545  .  04 

244,630 

352.27 

169.27 

D 

9.462 

364.15 

163,440 

235.35 

113.09 

L 

13.994 

538.57 

241,720 

348.08 

167.26 

F 

12.681 

488.01 

219,030 

315.41 

151.56 

S 

.179 

468.72 

210,370 

302.94 

145.57 

K 

5.0 

15.837 

609  .  48 

273,550 

393.92 

169.30 

D 

10.579 

407.13 

182,730 

263.13 

113.09 

L 

15.839 

609.58 

273,600 

393.97 

169.33 

F 

14.203 

546.60 

245,330 

353.27 

151.83 

S 

13.789 

530.69 

238,190 

342.99 

147.42 

D 

6.0 

1  1  .  589 

445.99 

200,170 

288.25 

113.09 

F 

15.587 

599  .  84 

269,230 

387.69 

152.11 

S 

15.322 

589.67 

264,660 

381.11 

149.53 

D 

7.0 

12.517 

481.72 

216,210 

311.34 

113.09 

D 

8.0 

13.381 

514.99 

231,140 

332.84 

113.09 

D 

9.0 

14.193 

546.22 

245,160 

353  .  02 

113.09 

D 

10.0 

14.961 

575.77 

258,420 

372.13 

113.09 

D 

11.0 

15.691 

603  .  88 

271,040 

390.29 

113.09 

142 


90-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

UQ 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    D. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 

0.10 

2.276 

100.550 

45,127 

64  .  983 

166.20 

D 

1.549 

68  .  440 

30,718 

44.230 

113.14 

L 

.895 

83.716 

37,574 

54.107 

138.39 

F 

2.022 

89  .  324 

40,091 

57.731 

147.66 

S 

1.496 

66.103 

29,669 

42.723 

109.28 

K 

0.12 

2.508 

110.820 

49,738 

71.623 

166.88 

D 

1.697 

74.970 

33,650 

48.460 

113.14 

L 

2.097 

92.632 

41,576 

59.869 

139.78 

F 

.219 

98.017 

43,993 

63.349 

147.91 

S 

1.663. 

73.450 

32,967 

47.471 

110.84 

K 

0.15 

2.811 

124.170 

55,732 

80  .  253 

167.59 

D 

1.942 

83.820 

37,622 

54.180 

113.14 

L 

2.373 

104.840 

47,057 

67.761 

141.51 

F 

.485 

109.770 

49,270 

70.948 

148.16 

S 

1.891 

83.562 

37,504 

54.006 

112.78 

K 

0.20 

3  .  260 

144.02 

64,640 

93.081 

168.34 

D 

2.191 

96.79 

43,443 

62.560 

113.14 

L 

.784 

122.99 

55,203 

79.491 

143.76 

F 

.884 

127.41 

57,185 

82.346 

148.86 

S 

.234 

98.68 

44,290 

63.778 

115.35 

K 

0.30 

4.011 

177.20 

79,534 

114.530 

169.12 

D 

2.683 

118.54 

53,206 

76.620 

113.14 

L 

3.487 

154.03 

69,134 

99  .  552 

147.01 

F 

.544 

156.58 

70,280 

101  .200 

149.44 

S 

2.824 

124.74 

55,987 

80.621 

119.05 

K 

0.40 

4.643 

205.11 

92,060 

132.570 

169.53 

D 

3.098 

136.88 

61,437 

88.470 

113.14 

L 

4.090 

180.70 

81,102 

IK.  790 

149.35 

F 

.107 

181.44 

81,435 

117.270 

149.97 

S 

3.334 

147.31 

66,117 

95.207 

121.75 

K 

0.50 

5.198 

229  .  66 

103,080 

148.43 

169.77 

D 

3.464 

153.04 

68,689 

198.91 

113.14 

L 

4.630 

204  .  52 

92,645 

132.19 

151.20 

F 

.600 

203.21 

91,210 

131  .34 

1  50  .  23 

S 

3.794 

167.59 

74,702 

108.31 

123.89 

K 

0.60 

5  .  700 

251.83 

113,030 

162.76 

169.94 

D 

3.795 

167.64 

75,245 

108.35 

113.14 

L 

5.122 

226.30 

101,570 

146.26 

152.72 

F 

.057 

223   39 

100,260 

144.38 

150.76 

S 

4.215 

186.22 

83,580 

120.35 

125.38 

K 

0.70 

6.161 

272.20 

122,170 

175.92 

170.06 

D 

4.185 

181  .08 

81,273 

117.03 

113.14 

L 

5  .  580 

246.51 

110,640 

159.32 

154.02 

F 

.472 

241  .72 

108,490 

156.22 

151  .03 

S 

4.608 

203.57 

91,369 

131.57 

127.19 

9O-INCH  PIPE 


143 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

1^300 

Velocity 
in  Feet 

Uc 

Million 

C 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.    o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
ger  24 
ours. 

K 

0.80 

6.590 

291.14 

130,670 

188.16 

170.15 

D 

4.382 

193.58 

86,886 

125.11 

113.14 

L 

6.009 

265.48 

.19,150 

171.58 

155.16 

F 

5.860 

258.87 

116,190 

167.31 

151.29 

S 

4.978 

219.91 

98,701 

142.13 

128.52 

K 

0.90 

6.993 

308.94 

138,660 

199.67 

170.23 

D 

4.648 

205.32 

92,155 

132.70 

113.14 

L 

6.415 

283.41 

127,200 

183.17 

156.16 

F 

.226 

275.06 

123,450 

177.77 

151.56 

S 

5.328 

235.40 

105,650 

152.14 

129.71 

K 

1.0 

7.373 

325.75 

146,210 

210.54 

170.28 

D 

4.899 

216.43 

97,141 

139.88 

113.14 

L 

6.802 

300.48 

134,860 

194.20 

157.07 

F 

.575 

290.46 

130,370 

187.72 

151.83 

S 

5.663 

250.18 

112,290 

161.70 

130.78 

K 

1.5 

9.040 

399.38 

179,260 

258.13 

170.46 

D 

6.000 

265.07 

118,970 

171.32 

113.14 

L 

8.518 

376.31 

168,900 

243.21 

160.61 

F 

.111 

358.32 

160,820 

231.58 

152.94 

S 

7.159 

316.26 

141,950 

204.40 

134.98 

K 

2.0 

10.444 

461.39 

207,090 

298.21 

170.54 

D 

6.928 

306.08 

137,370 

197.82 

113.14 

L 

9.992 

441.45 

198,130 

285.31 

163.17 

F 

.417 

416.03 

186,720 

268.88 

153.78 

S 

8  .  454 

373.47 

167,620 

241.38 

138.05 

K 

3.0 

12.798 

565.38 

253,760 

365.41 

170.63 

D 

8.485 

374.87 

168,250 

242.28 

113.14 

L 

12.514 

552.85 

248,140 

357.32 

166.85 

F 

11.554 

510.46 

229,110 

329.91 

154.06 

S 

10.686 

472.12 

211,900 

305.13 

142.49 

K 

4.0 

14.781 

653.01 

293,093 

422.05 

170.67 

D 

9.798 

432.86 

194,280 

279.76 

113.14 

L 

14.680 

648.56 

291,090 

419.17 

169.52 

F 

13.367 

590.51 

265,040 

381.65 

154.35 

S 

12.620 

557.53 

250,230 

360.34 

145.72 

K 

5.0 

16.528 

730.20 

327,730 

471.93 

170.70 

D 

10.954 

483.96 

217,210 

312.78 

113.14 

L 

16.616 

734.08 

329,470 

474  .  44 

171.61 

F 

14.972 

661.45 

296,880 

427.50 

154.63 

S 

.357 

634.28 

284,660 

409.94 

148.28 

D 

6.0 

12.000 

530.15 

237,940 

342.64 

113.14 

F 

16.432 

725.94 

325,820 

469.18 

154.92 

S 

15.953 

704.77 

316,320 

455.50 

150.40 

D 

7.0 

12.961 

572.62 

257,010 

370.09 

113.14 

D 

8.0 

14.017 

619.25 

277,940 

400  .23 

113.14 

D 

9.0 

14.697 

649.29 

291,420 

419.64 

113.14 

D 

10.0 

15.492 

684.41 

307,180 

442.34 

113.14 

144 


96  INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 

per 

Velocity 

mula. 

1000 

in  Feet 

Uc 

Million 

c 

Feet. 

per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

.  o. 

Gallons 
per  Min. 

Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 

0.10 

2.374 

119.340 

53,561 

77.128 

167.87 

D 

1.600 

80.450 

36,110 

52  .  000 

113.18 

L 

.982 

99.614 

44,710 

64.381 

140.13 

F 

2.135 

107.360 

48,857 

69.387 

151.03 

S 

1.547 

77.768 

34,904 

50.262 

109.40 

K 

0.12 

2.612 

131.290 

58,928 

84.856 

168.60 

D 

1.753 

88.130 

39,556 

56.960 

113.18 

L 

2.193 

110.220 

49,471 

71.238 

141.54 

F 

.344 

117.820 

52,878 

76.145 

151.29 

S 

1.696 

86.503 

38,825 

55.908 

111.08 

K 

0.15 

2.931 

147.350 

66,132 

95  .  229 

169.24 

D 

1.960 

98.540 

44,226 

63.690 

113.18 

L 

2.482 

124.750 

55,993 

80.629 

143.29 

F 

.621 

131  .720 

59,121 

85.134 

151.29 

S 

1.956 

98.308 

44,123 

63.537 

112.91 

K 

0.20 

3.398 

170.80 

76,660 

110.390 

169.90 

D 

2.264 

113.78 

51,068 

73  .  540 

113.18 

L 

.912 

146.35 

65,686 

94.369 

145.57 

F 

3.042 

152.92 

68,634 

98.833 

152.11 

S 

2.309 

116.08 

52,099 

75.022 

115.46 

K 

0.30 

4.179 

210.04 

94,269 

135.75 

170.58 

D 

2.772 

139.35 

62,544 

90.06 

113.18 

L 

3.646 

183.28 

82,263 

118.46 

148.86 

F 

.746 

188.30 

84,517 

121.70 

152.94 

S 

2.920 

146.76 

65,869 

94.85 

119.19 

K 

0.40 

4.835 

243.04 

109,080 

157.08 

170.95 

D 

3.201 

160.90 

72,220 

103.99 

113.18 

L 

4.278 

215.51 

96,503 

138.96 

151.23 

F 

.334 

217.83 

97,769 

140.78 

153.21 

S 

3.448 

173.31 

77,786 

112.01 

121.90 

K 

0.50 

5.400 

272.08 

122,120 

175.85 

171.17 

D 

3.579 

179.90 

80,745 

116.27 

113.18 

L 

4.842 

243.36 

109,230 

157.29 

153.10 

F 

.854 

243.99 

109,510 

157.69 

153.49 

S 

3.923 

197.16 

88,493 

127.43 

124.04 

K 

0.60 

5.935 

298.31 

133,890 

192.80 

171.32 

D 

3.921 

197.07 

88,452 

127.37 

113.18 

L 

5.357 

269.28 

120,860 

174.03 

154.64 

F 

.337 

268  .  26 

120,410 

173.38 

154.06 

S 

4.358 

219.08 

98,329 

141.59 

125.81 

K 

0.70 

6.414 

322.41 

144,710 

208.38 

171.42 

D 

4.235 

212.86 

95,539 

137.57 

113.18 

L 

5.836 

293.33 

131,650 

189.57 

155.96 

F 

.786 

290.83 

130,530 

188.18 

154.63 

S 

4.765 

239.50 

107,490 

154.79 

127.34 

96-INCH   PIPE 


145 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
,per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
Ser  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

0.80 

6.860 
4.527 
6.285 
.197 
5.147 

345  .  63 
227.56 
315.90 
311.50 
258.72 

155,130 
102,130 
141,780 
139,810 
116,120 

223.39 
147.07 
204.16 
201.32 
167.21 

171.51 
113.18 
157.11 
154.92 
128.67 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

0.90 

7.279 
4.802 
6.709 
.584 
5.510 

365.88 
241.36 
337.23 
330.93 
276.94 

164,220 
108,330 
151,360 
148,530 
124,300 

236.47 
155.99 
217.95 
213.88 
179.41 

171.56 
113.18 
158.13 
155.17 
129.86 

K 
D 

L 
F 

S 

1.0 

7.675 
5.062 
7.113 
6.954 
5.856 

385.79 
254.41 
357.55 
349.56 
294.33 

173,150 
114,190 
160,470 
156,890 
132,110 

249.34 
164.43 
231.08 
225.92 
190.23 

171.62 
113.18 
159.05 
155.50 
130.93 

K 

D 
L 

F 

S 

1.5 

9.409 
6.199 
8.908 
.566 
7.402 

472.92 
311.60 
447.77 
430.56 
372.08 

212,260 
139,850 
200,970 
193,250 
167,000 

305  .  65 
201  .39 
289.39 
278.27 
240.48 

171.77 
113.18 
162.63 
156.38 
135.14 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

2.0 

10.869 
7.158 
10.450 
9.929 
8.741 

546.32 
359.80 
525.28 
499.07 
439.39 

245,210 
161,490 
235,760 
224,000 
197,210 

353.09 
232.54 
339.49 
322.55 
283.98 

171.85 
113.18 
165.23 
156.98 
138.21 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

3.0 

13.318 
8.767 
13.087 
12.183 
11.050 

669.41 
440.66 
657.84 
612.40 
555.43 

300,450 
197,780 
295,260 
274,870 
249,290 

432.64 
284.80 
425.17 
395.80 
358.98 

171  .93 
113.18 
168.95 
157.28 
142.65 

K 
D 
L 
F 

S 

4.0 

15.381 
10.123 
15.353 
14.095 
13.049 

773.14 
508.83 
771.72 
708  .  50 
655.92 

347,010 
228,380 
346,370 
318,000 
294,390 

499  .  69 
328.87 
498.77 
457.91 
423.93 

171.97 
113.18 
171.65 
157.59 
145.89 

D 
F 

S 

5.0 

11.318 
15.789 
14.846 

568.90 
793.67 
746.23 

255,340 
356,220 
334,930 

367.68 
512.96 
482  .  29 

113.18 
157.89 
148.45 

D 

S 

6.0 

12.398 
16.496 

623.20 
829.16 

279,710 
372,150 

402.78 
535.90 

113.18 
150.58 

D 

7.0 

13.391 

673.13 

302,120 

435.05 

113.18 

D 

8.0 

14.316 

719.61 

322,980 

465.09 

113.18 

D 

9   0 

1  5  .  1  84 

763  .  25 

342.570 

493    29 

113.18 

146 


108-INCH   PIPE 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
Ber  24 
ours. 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.10 

2.569 
1.699 
2.151 
1  .658 

163.41 
108.06 
136.81 
105.47 

73,342 
48,502 
61,406 
47,340 

105.610 
69.840 
88.424 
68.169 

171.24 
113.24 
143.37 
110.53 

K 
D 

S 

0.12 

2.821 
1.861 
2.380 
1.842 

179.48 
118.37 
151.39 
117.20 

80,556 
53,131 
67,945 
52,602 

116.000 
76.510 
97.841 
75.746 

171.70 
113.24 
144.81 
112.11 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.15 

3.163 
2.080 
.693 
.096 

201  .23 
132.35 
171.34 
133.33 

90,319 
59,953 
76,902 
59,844 

130.060 
85.540 
110.740 
86.175 

172.18 
113.24 
146.60 
114.08 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.20 

3.663 
2.402 
3.160 
2.475 

233.05 
152.82 
201.00 
157.45 

104,600 
68,593 
90,215 
70,671 

150.62 
98.77 
129.91 
101.77 

172.68 
113.24 
148.94 
116.67 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.30 

4.500 
2.942 
3.957 
.129 

286.29 
187.17 
251.73 
199.04 

128,500 
84,008 
112,980 
89,335 

185.03 
120.97 
162.69 
128.64 

173.21 
113.24 
152.30 
120.42 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.40 

5  .  205 
3.397 
4.642 
3.695 

331.11 
216.12 
295.30 
235.05 

148,610 
97,004 
132,540 
105,500 

214.00 
139.68 
190.86 
151.91 

173.49 
113.24 
154.73 
123.16 

K 
D 

L 

S 

0.50 

5.825 
3.798 
5.254 
4.203 

370.54 
241.64 
334.24 
267.41 

166,310 
108,450 
150,020 
120,020 

239.49 
156.17 
216.02 
172.83 

173.66 
113.24 
156.64 
125.32 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.60 

6.385 
4.161 
5.813 
4.671 

406.18 
264.70 
369.83 
297.13 

182,310 
118,800 
165,990 
133,360 

262.52 
171.08 
239.02 
192.04 

173.77 
113.24 
158.21 
127.11 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.70 

6.899 
4.494 
6.333 
5.106 

438  .  92 
285.91 
402.87 
324.83 

197,000 
128,320 
180,820 
145,790 

283.69 
184.78 
260.38 
209.94 

173.85 
113.24 
159.56 
128.65 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.80 

7.379 
4.805 
6.820 
5.516 

469.40 
305.65 
433.86 
350.89 

210,680 
137,180 
194,730 
157,490 

303.38 
197.54 
280.41 
226.78 

173.91 
113.24 
160.74 
130.00 

K 
D 
L 

S 

0.90 

7.828 
5.096 
7.280 
5  .  904 

498.01 
324.19 
463.16 
375.60 

223,520 
145,500 
207,880 
168,580 

321  .88 
209  .  52 
299.34 
242.76 

173.96 
113.24 
161.78 
131  .20 

108-INCH   PIPE 


147 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

c 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 

L 

S 

1.0 

8.253 
5.372 
7.719 
6.275 

525.06 
341.72 
491.06 
399.20 

235,660 
153,370 
220,400 
179,170 

339.36 
220.86 
317.37 
258.01 

174.00 
113.24 
162.73 
132.29 

K 
D 

L 

S 

1.5 

10.115 
6.579 
9.667 
7.932 

643  .  50 

418.53 
614.98 
504  .  63 

288,820 
187,840 
276,020 
226,490 

415.92 
270.50 
397.47 
325.94 

174.11 
113.24 
166.39 
136.54 

K 
D 
L 

S 

2.0 

11.684 
7.597 
11.340 
9.367 

743.29 
483.28 
721.44 
595.92 

333,610 
216,910 
323,800 
267,470 

480.41 
312.34 
466.27 
385.15 

174.17 
113.24 
169.05 
139.64 

K 
D 
L 

S 

3.0 

14.314 
9.304 
14.202 
11.841 

910.65 
591.88 
903  .  50 
753.30 

408,720 
265,650 
405,520 
338,100 

588.57 
382  .  54 
583.94 
486.87 

174.23 
113.24 
172.86 
144.12 

K 
D 
L 

8 

4.0 

16.532 
10.743 
16.660 
13.983 

1051.73 
683.45 
1059.90 
889.61 

472,040 
306,750 
475,720 
399,280 

679.75 
441.72 
686.61 
574.96 

174.26 
113.24 
175.62 
147.40 

D 

S 

5.0 

12.011 
15.908 

764.13 
1012.10 

342,960 
454,240. 

493.86 
654.11 

113.24 
149.98 

D 

6.0 

13.157 

837.06 

375,690 

541.00 

113.24 

D 

7.0 

14.211 

904.13 

405,790 

584.34 

113.24 

D 

8.0 

15.193 

956  .  56 

433,820 

624.69 

113.24 

148 


120-INCH  PIPE 


DISCHARGE. 

Fall 

Mean 

For- 
mula. 

per 
1000 
Feet. 

Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

c 

K 

0.10 

2.752 

216.16 

97,020 

139.71 

174.07 

D 

1.791 

140  .  69 

63,146 

90.93 

113.30 

L 

2.314 

181.72 

81,561 

117.45 

146.33 

S 

1.755 

137.82 

61,857 

89.07 

110.98 

K 

0.12 

3.021 

237.25 

106,480 

153.34 

174.40 

D 

1.962 

154.12 

69,173 

99.61 

113.30 

L 

2.560 

201.07 

90,246 

129.96 

147.81 

S 

1.950 

153.14 

68,732 

98.97 

112.57 

K 

0.15 

3.384 

265.79 

119,290 

171.78 

174.75 

D 

2.194 

172.31 

77,339 

111.36 

113.30 

L 

.898 

227.58 

102,140 

X47.09 

149.63 

S 

.218 

174.22 

78,195 

112.60 

114.55 

K 

0.20 

3.916 

307  .  54 

138,030 

198.77 

175.11 

D 

2.533 

198.97 

89,304 

128.59 

113.30 

L 

3.399 

266.97 

119,820 

172.55 

152.01 

S 

2.620 

205.74 

92,342 

132.97 

117.15 

K 

0.30 

4.806 

377.48 

169,420 

243.97 

175.50 

D 

3.103 

243  .  68 

109,370 

157.49 

113.30 

L 

4.257 

334.35 

150,060 

216.09 

155.45 

:       S 

3.312 

260.08 

116,730 

168.09 

120.92 

K 

0.40 

5.556 

436.37 

195,850 

282.03 

175.70 

D 

3.583 

281.38 

126,290 

181.86 

113.30 

L 

4.994 

392.23 

176,040 

253.50 

157.93 

8 

3.911 

307.14 

137,850 

198.50 

123.66 

K 

0.50 

6.216 

488.21 

219,120 

315.54 

175.81 

D 

4.006 

314.60 

141,200 

203.33 

113.30 

L 

5.653 

443.95 

199,250 

286.93 

159.91 

S 

4.450 

349.42 

156,830 

225.83 

125.83 

K 

0.60 

6.813 

535.06 

240,150 

345.82 

175.90 

D 

4.388 

344  .  62 

154,670 

222.73 

113.30 

L 

6.254 

491.21 

220,470 

317.48 

161.48 

S 

4.943 

388.25 

174,260 

250.93 

127.64 

K 

0.70 

7.361 

578.11 

259,470 

373.63 

175.95 

D 

4.739 

372.23 

167,070 

240.58 

113.30 

L 

6.813 

535.10 

240,170 

345.84 

162.86 

S 

5.347 

419.93 

188,480 

271.41 

127.81 

K 

0.80 

7.871 

618.18 

277,460 

399.54 

176.00 

D 

5.067 

397.94 

178,600 

257.19 

113.30 

L 

7.337 

576.26 

258,640 

372.45 

164.06 

S 

5.838 

458.48 

205,790 

296.33 

130.53 

K 

0.90 

8.350 

655.80 

294,340 

423.86 

176.03 

D 

5.374 

422.07 

189,430 

272.79 

113.30 

L 

7.833 

615.18 

276,110 

397.59 

165.13 

S 

6.249 

490.80 

220,280 

317.21 

131.74 

120-INCH   PIPE 


149 


For- 
mula. 

Fall 
per 
1000 
Feet. 

Mean 
Velocity 
in  Feet 
per  Sec. 

DISCHARGE. 

C 

Cu.  Feet 
per  Sec. 

U.  S. 
Gallons 
per  Min. 

Million 
Gallons 
per  24 
Hours. 

K 
D 
L 

S 

1.0 

8.803 
5.665 
8.304 
6.641 

691.39 
444.90 
252.23 
521.62 

310,320 
199,680 
292,740 
234,120 

446.86 
287.54 
421.54 
337.13 

176.06 
113.30 
166.09 
132.83 

K 
D 
L 

S 

1.5 

10.787 
6.938 
10.400 
8.396 

847.19 
544.90 
816.83 
659.39 

380,240 
244,560 
366,620 
295,950 

547.56 
352.17 
527.92 
426.17 

176.14 
113.30 
169.83 
137.10 

K 
D 
L 

S 

2.0 

12.458 
8.011 
12.201 
9.914 

978.48 
629.20 
958.23 
778.67 

439,170 
282,400 
430,080 
349,490 

632.42 
406.65 
619.31 
503  .  26 

176.18 
113.30 
172.54 
140.21 

K 
D 
L 

S 

3.0 

15.262 
9.812 
15.279 
12.533 

1198.70 
770.60 
1200.10 
984.33 

537,990 
345,860 
538,620 
441,800 

774.71 
498  .  04 
775.61 
638  .  18 

176.23 
113.30 
173.43 
144.72 

D 

S 

4.0 

11.329 
14.800 

889.81 
1162.41 

399,370 
521,720 

575.09 
751.28 

113.30 
148.00 

D 

S 

'5.0 

12.666 
16.838 

994.85 
1322.40 

446,520 
593,560 

642.98 
854.71 

113.30 
150.60 

D 

6.0 

13.875 

1089.80 

489,130 

704.35 

113.30 

D 

7.0 

14.987 

1177.10 

528,320 

760.78 

113.30 

D 

8,0 

16.022 

1258.40 

564,810 

813.31 

113.30 

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